Southern Common Market Treaty Organization
Organización del Tratado del Mercado Común del Sur
Organização do Tratado do Mercado Comum do Sul
The President of the Argentine Republic, His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, President of the Republic of Chile, His Royal Majesty the King of Paraguay, and President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,
In recognizing the successes of the Brazilian-Argentine Treaty of Mutual Discourse in furthering amicable relations between Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay,
In identifying the economic successes of the German Confederation through its zollverein treaties that have unified German markets into a single unitary whole,
In light of the recent accession of Paraguay to the terms of the Treaty of Mutual Discourse as a consequence of the Treaty of Asuncion,
Hereby agree to establish a new and extended treaty in order to further economic cooperation and reduce the threat of economic and military confrontation as we have so recently suffered.
Article I. The signatory nations will so organize their economic activities as to produce the best possible results for all signatory nations, by the elimination of conflict in economic policies and the development of commercial exchanges. All tariffs on trade between the signatory nations shall be eliminated.
Article II. The Empire of Brazil, Argentine Republic, Kingdom of Paraguay, and Oriental Republic of Uruguay agree to designate the Paraná, Paraguay, and Uruguay Rivers, in their entirety, as well as all tributaries such as are physically navigable by trading ships, as to be freely navigable by ships sailing under the flag of any signatory nation, subject to local laws. All tariffs and tolls are to be abolished on trade carried under the flag of any signatory nation, except for those necessary to the maintenance of the riverbed, locks, dams, and other critical physical infrastructure necessary to maintain the navigability of the river channels.
Article III. The signatory nations agree to form a treaty of mutual protection and defence, in order to safeguard their mutual sovereignty and protect against aggressive action by external polities of South America or beyond. Should any signatory nation be the object of an armed attack in South America, the other signatory nations will afford the party so attacked all military and other aid and assistance in their power.
Article IV. The signatory nations agree to establish a joint Consultative Council to establish a common policy on tariffs external to the customs union and tolls to be levied on trade on the Platinean watershed, comprised of two ministers from each signatory nation. This council will also be authorized to reduce physical barriers to and otherwise ensure the free flow of riverine trade in the watersheds of the Rio de la Plata and its tributaries as per Article II. These ministers will be granted plenipotentiary powers to establish policies regarding tariffs and tolls by their nation of origin. Appointment and dismissal of these ministers will be established by methods to be determined be each individual signatory nation. This joint council shall be hosted in Montevideo, Uruguay.
Article V. The signatory nations agree to seek peaceful resolutions to disputes amidst themselves of territorial, economic, military, or other jurisdiction. Should bilateral negotiations between the nations in dispute fail to reach a mutually-amicable conciliation, disputes may be referred to the Consultative Council in order to permit mediation by the other uninvolved signatory powers. Should there be no uninvolved signatory powers available to serve as arbiters in any dispute, the signatory nations agree to accept the binding arbitration of an external, uninvolved nation that may be trusted to remain neutral, to be decided by the consensus of all signatory powers.
Article VI. The signatory nations may, by mutual agreement, invite any other Latin American State to accede to the present Treaty on conditions to be agreed between them and the State so invited.
Hereby signed in Encarnación this 21st of August, in the Year of our Lord 1872:
[X] President Bartolomé Mitre of the Argentine Republic
[X] His Imperial Majesty Dom Pedro II, Constitutional Emperor and Perpetual Defender of Brazil
[X] President Federico Errázuriz Zañartu of the Republic of Chile
[X] His Royal Majesty Maximillian I, King of the Paraguayans
[ ] President Venancio Flores of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay
Organización del Tratado del Mercado Común del Sur
Organização do Tratado do Mercado Comum do Sul
The President of the Argentine Republic, His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, President of the Republic of Chile, His Royal Majesty the King of Paraguay, and President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,
In recognizing the successes of the Brazilian-Argentine Treaty of Mutual Discourse in furthering amicable relations between Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay,
In identifying the economic successes of the German Confederation through its zollverein treaties that have unified German markets into a single unitary whole,
In light of the recent accession of Paraguay to the terms of the Treaty of Mutual Discourse as a consequence of the Treaty of Asuncion,
Hereby agree to establish a new and extended treaty in order to further economic cooperation and reduce the threat of economic and military confrontation as we have so recently suffered.
Article I. The signatory nations will so organize their economic activities as to produce the best possible results for all signatory nations, by the elimination of conflict in economic policies and the development of commercial exchanges. All tariffs on trade between the signatory nations shall be eliminated.
Article II. The Empire of Brazil, Argentine Republic, Kingdom of Paraguay, and Oriental Republic of Uruguay agree to designate the Paraná, Paraguay, and Uruguay Rivers, in their entirety, as well as all tributaries such as are physically navigable by trading ships, as to be freely navigable by ships sailing under the flag of any signatory nation, subject to local laws. All tariffs and tolls are to be abolished on trade carried under the flag of any signatory nation, except for those necessary to the maintenance of the riverbed, locks, dams, and other critical physical infrastructure necessary to maintain the navigability of the river channels.
Article III. The signatory nations agree to form a treaty of mutual protection and defence, in order to safeguard their mutual sovereignty and protect against aggressive action by external polities of South America or beyond. Should any signatory nation be the object of an armed attack in South America, the other signatory nations will afford the party so attacked all military and other aid and assistance in their power.
Article IV. The signatory nations agree to establish a joint Consultative Council to establish a common policy on tariffs external to the customs union and tolls to be levied on trade on the Platinean watershed, comprised of two ministers from each signatory nation. This council will also be authorized to reduce physical barriers to and otherwise ensure the free flow of riverine trade in the watersheds of the Rio de la Plata and its tributaries as per Article II. These ministers will be granted plenipotentiary powers to establish policies regarding tariffs and tolls by their nation of origin. Appointment and dismissal of these ministers will be established by methods to be determined be each individual signatory nation. This joint council shall be hosted in Montevideo, Uruguay.
Article V. The signatory nations agree to seek peaceful resolutions to disputes amidst themselves of territorial, economic, military, or other jurisdiction. Should bilateral negotiations between the nations in dispute fail to reach a mutually-amicable conciliation, disputes may be referred to the Consultative Council in order to permit mediation by the other uninvolved signatory powers. Should there be no uninvolved signatory powers available to serve as arbiters in any dispute, the signatory nations agree to accept the binding arbitration of an external, uninvolved nation that may be trusted to remain neutral, to be decided by the consensus of all signatory powers.
Article VI. The signatory nations may, by mutual agreement, invite any other Latin American State to accede to the present Treaty on conditions to be agreed between them and the State so invited.
Hereby signed in Encarnación this 21st of August, in the Year of our Lord 1872:
[X] President Bartolomé Mitre of the Argentine Republic
[X] His Imperial Majesty Dom Pedro II, Constitutional Emperor and Perpetual Defender of Brazil
[X] President Federico Errázuriz Zañartu of the Republic of Chile
[X] His Royal Majesty Maximillian I, King of the Paraguayans
[ ] President Venancio Flores of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay
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