[Forum Game] - World in Revolution: 1861 Mk. II

[Noco19]

A common advert finding it's way around Continental European papers.

Investing in Romania
Is Investing in the Future​

Romania, a land steeped in fantastic history and amusements, a land of brotherhood, but even more so, a land rich with potential wealth. Although lacking development, economic returns from Romanian investments will unlock vast riches, hidden beneath idyllic charms and misconceptions. Come, join us in touring the multiple facets of Romanian economical fields, as you are entrenched in knowledge and findings of a rising global partner.

Agriculture​

The Romanian farmer is a hardworking man, toiling diligently in his fields to produce bountiful harvests of wheat or potato, whatever can feed his family and earn pay. Lack of mechanization prevents these farmers from reaching their fullest potential in production, especially in the poorer regions of Bessarabia. Given the right tools, through precise investments, agriculture in Romania could boom, providing foodstuffs far beyond it's borders, bringing new income to all smart investors.

This fine farmer knows hard work​

Mining​

The rich mineral resources of Roșia Montană have been exploited since Roman rule or perhaps before. Crammed with precious materials used in luxuries and manufactoring alike, provide for a seemingly endless well of wealth for extraction operations. As with the Romanian economy, this field faces underdevelopment and lack of funding, easily remedied by an influx of foreign or domestic investors. The sooner this goldmine is tapped, the sooner profits will pour in!

A bunch of Romania's finest, her workers​

Industrialization​

As before, while Romania lacks technical know-how and large amounts of funding, Romanian workers remain consistently hard-working and dedicated to their craft. Droves of loyal employees await eagerly the opportunity to contribute to Romanian industry through sheer willpower alone. Investors will find no shortage of manpower, nor lack of resources, and will find the greatest hospitality. Experience the Bounties of the Black Sea and Romanian rivers as you watch your investments swell and expand, enriching everyone's lives

These Romanian fellows take great pride in their work​

Well, Why Wait?​

Convinced that Romania will bring in profits for years to come? Good!
Go out and reap the rewards of Romanian Spirit! Invest Today!​

 

[Mathrim]

OOC: I demand intellectual property rights! Let's say you gib half the investments you get.

Also be careful, you'll end up getting stinky Afghans :/

 

[Frymonmon]

The Sacred War​

With the Ottoman Declaration of War and the first few weeks of fighting, the two countries quickly activated their own war plans. The Ottomans, which had been preparing in secret, was able to bring into service one hundred Regiments of Infantry and thirty-six Regiments of Cavalry to begin operations against the Russians. At the same time, the Russians quickly began to move their own army to the border regions.

The more important moves, however, was the blockade of the Black Sea, quickly cemented by the Ottoman Navy. Trade was cut off to the Russians, and advanced notices of some Russian troop movement was relayed back to the Ottoman Army, allowing them some time to prepare for the incoming assaults in both the West and the East.

The Russians, despite losing their own few trade routes through the Black Sea, quickly let it be known in Europe that the Ottoman Empire would suffer destruction, and that all loans they currently held were not going to be paid back. British Banks took a hit, as they controlled nearly all of the Ottoman debt, and they quickly began to call in their own loans. The Ottoman stock market and banking system, which as of before had been fine, quickly experienced a collapse as money was sucked out of the system to repay the British banks. Ottoman finances began a free-fall tumble, with nearly 20% of the stock market value from the start of the year evaporating by the middle of May.

The Transcaucasian Army Corps is formed and quickly begins movements into Ottoman territory, with the first target being the city of Kars. Massive artillery barrages, combined with a near encirclement of the city within the first week, caused nearly two divisions of Ottoman defenders to be liquidated by the relentless attacks. General Mikhail Loris-Melikov, using their own numerical superiority, was able to force the surrender of Kars within two weeks of the assault, only one month after the war began. By late May, the Russian Army began to assault the city of Erzurum, the largest Ottoman city in the East, and a vital point for the continued Ottoman mobalisation, leaving a large swath of men unable to be organised and placed into the Army.

His heroic efforts, along with the capture of Delhi in the war against the United Kingdom, quickly made General Loris-Melikov one of the most popular Generals in Russian history due to his swift, and large, victories. In a speech rallying his own Soldiers, he declared, "This is our own Sacred War to destroy the Ottomans! Who will come with me!"

General Mikhail Loris-Melikov, Pyotr Dmitrievich Sviatopolk-Mirskii, and former Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich.​

Serbia quickly issues its own Declaration of War against the Ottomans, moving into Southern Serbia, and uniting with the men currently in revolt there. In Bosnia, however, while moves by Serbia were planned to begin operations there, the Danubian Army staged a surprise invasion, quickly bringing the area under control. Resistance in Sarajevo was light, causing few casualties to the Danubians. Effective control and borders were set up between the Serbs and the Danubians, as neither of them wished to get into a shooting match with each other.

One of the more significant movements during the month of May was the Student's Riots, where students and other liberal-like minded people began to demonstrate against the Ottoman government. While riots in Constantinople were easily crushed by the Ottoman Army, problems in Ankara continued for a few weeks, until the rioters seemed to be able to continue to fund partisan efforts, along with weapons, built by the Russians, also trickled their way into the city.

Turkish forces putting down the Constantinople Student's Riot.​

The Ottoman Garrison in Ankara was forced to surrender after three weeks of "rioters", now which quickly resembled an organised rebel army. The Ottoman Government suspected that this was work of the Russians, and quickly tried to denounce such actions as nothing more then Russians posing as true Ottomans. The leader of the movement, Mehmed Ali Pasha, was a German-born Ottoman commander, who quickly roused elements of the Army to defect to his movement. Calling themselves as the "Turkish Army". Promising liberal reforms, and the overthrow of the Monarchy, they gained a large following with those who were angry with the Sultan and his policies. The Ottoman Army, overseeing the newly raised Army, noted that nearly 43 Regiments had already defected to the Turkish Army, which was growing in central Anatolia.

Albanian regiments, rising in support of the Ottomans, are able to defend against Serbian onslaughts, which attempt to move into the northern section of Albanian-inhabited areas. The Serbian army was crushed at the Battle of Prishtina, which allowed the Albanian-Ottoman Army to begin defensive operations, and hold their current positions without reinforcements - but it would not be able to last.

After a deal was struck with the Kingdom of Romania, Russian forces quickly cross the Danube and arrive in northern Bulgaria. While not able to begin operations until the middle of June, they quickly cement control over the area, as Bulgarian patriots quickly began to expel the Ottomans out of Macedonia and western Bulgaria.

The Russians met the bulk of the Ottoman Army outside the town of Shumen. Sporadic fighting, alongside several cavalry charges, leaves both sides locked in combat for three days. The siege was not broken until General Mikhail Skobelev of the Russian Danubian Army, under his own leadership, charged into the Turkish forces, earning him the name of "White Pasha", for his White Uniform and White Horse.

General Mikhail Skobelev leading the charge at the Battle of Shumen.​

With only two months since the Ottoman's declaration of War, and subsequent Jihad, the Russians, along with their Serbian and Bulgarian allies, quickly established near complete dominance of the Balkans, with only a small strip of land connecting the Ottomans to their last loyal stronghold in Albania, which was responding to the call to Jihad, as well as the Serbs desire to annex parts of their land.

Western European advisers, watching the battles, remarked that they felt the Balkans would fall under complete control of the Russian forces and their allies by the end of the year, and that the war would be finished by 1878 at the very latest. The rise of the Turkish Army, however, troubled many, as they felt this was the first, true, contender to replace the Ottoman state, and which would surely be a close ally of the Russian Republic.

 

[Stormbringer]

The following is the proposed text of the treaty dealing with the Japanese incursion into Korea:

Treaty of Ganghwa

Representatives of Korea, China, Japan, Germany, and Russia, desirous of peaceful relations in the Far East that may facilitate the continued development and prosperity of all parties have met at Ganghwa and agreed to the following articles:

Art. I. Japan hereby recognizes the territorial borders of Korea and renounces any and all claims on said territory. Japan will withdraw all of its military, army as well as navy, from this territory within forty five days of the ratification of this agreement. Japan will not violate the territorial integrity of Korea and no Japanese military units will enter into said territory without prior approval from Korea.

Art. II. Korea will not unduly discriminate against Japan in its trade policy. Tariffs and dues set for Japanese goods and merchants by Korea will be commensurable to those set for goods and merchants originating in other countries that trade with Korea.

Korea retains the full right to establish preferential trade agreements with other countries. These trade agreements are understood to be preferential and will have no bearing on the conditions under which goods and merchants that originate in non-party states, including Japan, may trade in Korea.

The preferential trade agreement between Korea and Germany remains in force.

Art. III. Germany will return the concession of Jeju to Korea. The German factory in Pyongyang will be converted to a non-military purpose to be agreed upon by German and Korean representatives. Japan will pay a total of one million British pounds to the workers of the Pyongyang factory.

Art. IV. The conditions of this Treaty are agreed to by all signatories and may only be altered by a good faith agreement among them. The signatories commit to respecting, and, if necessary, enforcing the conditions of this Treaty.

Done at Ganghwa, May 12 of 1876.

[] for Korea
[] for Japan
[] for China
[] for Germany
[] for Russia

 

[Thandros]

The Sokoto Caliphate is shocked to discover that the recent Uprisings in the former Bornu empire were supported by the Ouaddai Empire who sought to bring down our noble Caliphate by supporting and supplying the rebels.As a result of this attack the Sokoto Caliphate declares war on the Ouaddai Empire.

 

[99KingHigh]

Her Majesty, Queen Isabella, II of her name, provides this treaty for ratification.

Treaty of Valencia (1876)​

Article I: Trade
I. The Kingdom of Spain and the Kingdom of Romania shall open their ports and initiate open trade to each other.
II. The Kingdom of Spain and the Kingdom of Romania shall lower their respective tariffs in regards to Spanish and Romanian goods to a maximum of 15%.
III. The manner of goods is unrestricted, as long as they abide by the legislation of the signatory nations.

Article II: Agriculture.
I. The Kingdom of Spain will provide the Romanian state with Agricultural advisers to be sent to the court of His Majesty, Alexandru Ioan I.
II. The Kingdom of Spain will provide the Romanian state with Agricultural utensils and tools, so they may be modeled and manufactured within the Kingdom of Romania.

Article III: Education
I. The Kingdom of Spain will provide the Romanian state with Educational officials and advisers, to lend advise to his majesty, and to assist in the creation of a complex educational system within the Kingdom of Romania.
II. These advisers shall remain within the nation until the Romanian state has been sufficiently assisted in created such a system.

Article IV: Mining
I. The Kingdom of Romania will allow total access for Spanish mining businesses, both publicly and privately run, to operate and mine within the Roșia Montană.
II. The Kingdom of Romania will not allow foreign access, excluding the Kingdom of Spain, to operate and mine within the Roșia Montană.
III. The Kingdom of Romania will provide the Spanish Industries with a priority to mine over the Romanian Industries.
IV. Romanian Mining Industries are not to be excluded from the Roșia Montană, hence only Spanish and Romanian businesses are allowed to operate within the region.

Article V: Relations
It is within the effort of this treaty that the nations of Spain and Romania will establish profitable, sturdy, and beneficial relations between each other.

[ ] Alexandru Ioan I, King of the Romanians
[X] Isabella II , Queen of Spain

 

[Noco19]

[X] Alexandru Ioan I, King of the Romanians

 

[Frymonmon]

Five Hundred and Seventy Seven Years​

The Russian successes into the Ottoman Empire prompted a flurry of talks between Moscow and the other European capitals, hoping to try and hash out some sort of peace deal that would not plunge the entire continent into a war. The constant cries from the German ambassadors was the cession of support of the "Turkish Army", which threatened to cause the complete dissolution of the Ottoman Empire as a whole.

Talks were long and while it seemed that a few details had been hammered out, some new issue had come up, destroying the current talks, and having them delay for longer. As each day passed, turning into weeks, the Turkish Army grew stronger and stronger, creating a link from Ankara to the Russian front lines. While such connection had been established underground, Russian money funneled into the area allowed many of the local governors to ignore, or even help, such movements. The Ottoman Armies in the area were unaware of the arms, money, and advisers being sent to the Turkish Army, while Russia publicly took the stance of agreeing to stop channeling such funds and money to them, they simple ramped up their operations on the ground, and before long, were able to enlist several high-ranking members of the Ottoman amongst their silent supporters.

With the month of August approaching, the plan of action was quickly laid out on the ground. Talks, and fears, of Russian withdrawal of support set their own plans in motion. Hoping to bring a quick blow to the Ottoman Sultan, the Turkish Army quickly set out from their main garrison in Ankara, moving to assault the city of Eskisehir. The Ottoman defenders were alerted, and forces were rushed to both there and the city of Bursa, which many suspected was the official target of the Army.

Retreating from Eskisehir, they quickly moved through the countryside, before assaulting the city of Canakkale, to sure passage across from Asia into Europe proper. News of this sudden movement stunned many, and the Ottoman Navy, undergoing operations in the Black Sea, was not able to respond in time, with the majority of the Army crossing the Dardanelles.

Wasting no time, with Ottoman forces fighting in Bulgaria, the Army bypassed many of the major cities, before setting their own sights on Constantinople. Mehmed Ali Pasha, commander of the Army, took a moment with the Army to pray for the same success that befell the Turks in 1453, the assault of Constantinople began.

Ottoman Defenders in Constantinople defending against Turkish Attacks.​

Fighting was frenzied, and after two days, the small Garrison was forced to surrender. Seeing the flags of the Turkish army marching through the walls and into the city, several high ranking members of the Sultan's court, issued him a declaration. He may be exiled from all Turkish Territory for life, renounce his titled to the Ottoman Empire, and dissolve it as an entity, or face death at the hands of the Turkish Army.

Sultan Abdulhamid II, the 99th Caliph of Islam, a title he would retain, and the 34th, and last, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, declared he was leaving the country for the French Empire, and power was quietly handed over to Midhat Pasha, who quickly announced a complete ceasefire of all Ottoman forces, and that he would be taking control of the rump Ottoman Empire from this point forward.

He quickly took the title of Grand Vizier of Turkey. While he, at his heart, wished to preserve the Ottoman Empire to some degree, he knew that such possibilities were no longer feasible. Three days after the Sultan had declared the Ottoman Empire dissolved, he counter-declared the foundation of the Republic of Turkey. In a speech to students in Constantinople, many of whom had been oppressed in the past few months, he pledged that he would, "Bring about true Constitutional Rule" along with "Wide, sweeping series of reforms" against the old Ottoman system, and his most important was, "An end to the domination of Turks over minorities."

Grand Vizier Ahmed Şefik Midhat, from the Vanity Fair Magazine.​

The news was a shock to the world. An Empire that had lasted Five Hundred and Seventy-Seven years was brought to her knees and destroyed at the hands of the Republic of Russia. In the courts of Europe, the same weariness and fear of Russia that had been prevalent after the fall of Napoleon once again arose.

The Republic of Turkey quickly began motions to end the War, mostly completely on Russian terms, and talks that Constantinople would follow the line of Moscow sparked fears that the new Republic was nothing more than an extension of Moscow's power. A nation that existed, and was supported, by the West as the main deterrent against Russian expansionism and domination of the Mediterranean, was completely abandoned by her former allies, and left to the complete destruction by the Russians, replaced with a Republic that would follow Moscow's lead.

Some called it an alliance, while others called it a tributary state. Whichever way it was cut, newspapers across Europe flashed news of "Russian Constantinople", and "Orthodox Triumph over Islam". Many scoffed at Russia's declaration that they would destroy the Ottoman Empire, and thousands were proved wrong by their ruthless actions.

 

[99KingHigh]

((And so, the massive Slavic blurb that was the dream of the Russian nation, was secured.))

 

[Frymonmon]

The Republic of Turkey​

The Republic of Turkey has seen much hardship. While this comes as a surprise and a shock to many, this movement is nothing more than the progress of the Future. The Ottoman state, spanning from Bosnia to Yemen, was unsustainable in the fashion that it was employed in. The complex system of governance, around for over five hundred years, shunned the true forces of Progress in the world. In turn, while it pains me so, I recognise the Commonwealth of the Danube's capture of Bosnia, and the Turkish state lays no claim to it. To the Principality of Serbia and Montenegro, we offer you your own respective national territories. To Albania, we wish for you to remain as a part of our Turkish state, for the struggle of Islam must be done as one. We shall offer you your own governance, to which all Albanians shall administer the functions of state, and share a common defence and trade policy with the Republic of Turkey.

To the Bulgarians, we issue both our apologies for the actions taken by the Ottoman State, and for an offer of peace. We only wish that any and all Turkish Citizen, or follower of Muhammad, peace be upon him, to be allowed free passage into the Republic of Turkey. We seek to only keep the Vilayet of Adrianople and the Vilayet of Constantinople in Europe, and offer Eastern Rumelia and Salonica to the Bulgarians for their own, independent, state.

Returning to affairs that have effects on us all, we ask the Republic of Russia to enter into a state of Peace with the Republic of Turkey. We offer to them, who have helped us in our struggle to establish Constitutional rule, a full return to peace, with the Black Sea port of Batumi, as well as the city of Kars, being the only territorial concessions made by Turkey to the Republic of Russia. We have fought for our rights to be Free, and will refuse to allow the Russians to control our own destinies.

We simply ask to be left in Peace, and to begin to rebuild the collapsed society that has been left by the Ottoman Empire.

Grand Vizier Ahmed Şefik Midhat of the Republic of Turkey​

 

[Afaslizo]

Official Recognition​

Ladies and Gentlemen,

the United States of America hereby recognize the Republic of Turkey as the legal successor of the late Ottoman Empire in the borders described by the adress of the current Grand Vizier. We hope that this new Republic will find its way to democracy and freedom and most importantly peace. We hope for the Serbian, Montenegrin, Albanian and Bulgarian people to find their proper places in the world.

Further we adress the British Empire in our hope that it uses wisdom and reason to adress the matters in her Dominion of Canada. The Dominion government proved countless time it is not up to the task to reasonable and successfully administer its territory. Thus we pledge to the British Empire to replace it so we may normalize our relations to them again. The misguided policies of the current administration has come along with a considerable cost of American lives and property and we are sure that the British Empire will understand that this no meager complaint.

Horatio Seymour, 18th President of the United States of America

 

[Frymonmon]

GM Note: To clarify what has been said in the mini and on IRC, the coup in Turkey was not ordered by anyone. It was merely encouraged by the Russians, and they felt confident enough to stage the coup, so they did it.

 

[Ab Ovo]

The Dominion of Canada​

Again taken aback by the diplomatic attitude of the American government who, far from working together with the Dominion to solve the issue of border incursions, instead closes her borders in violation of a previous treaty and blames the issue on the supposed incompetence of Canadian administration; the Canadian government would like to clarify that any attempt by the USA to 'replace' it will be taken as an act of war. The continued American belligerence towards Her Majesty's Government in Canada is simply staggering and it is our firm hope that action will be taken to ensure continuing peace.

-The Right Honourable, The Viscount Monck GCMG, PC;

Governor-General of the Dominion of Canada,
on behalf of Victoria, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Defender of the Faith

 

[jacob-Lundgren]

Treaty of Cairo

Recognizing the growing instability and danger to the Middle East and eastern Mediterranean region, and the growing value and need of the Suez Canal, the French Empire and Egypt reaffirm their friendship and shared security needs.

~France will provide roughly 5 million in gold worth of military armaments as well as invest 1.5 million into building up Egyptian coastal defenses and reorganizing their navy under a French Admiral. France will foot 80% of the bill and Egypt will pay the remaining 20%.

~Egypt will construct 9 more transports using their own ports and order an ironclad from French naval yards as part of the reorganization plan and the bill will be split 50/50.

[X] Napoleon IV ~ Emperor of the French
[ ] Egypt

It is important to safeguard the vital links to that region of the world during this period of confusion, security threats and instability. While this is not the end of French word on the region, it is a useful step to improve security of vital French interests. Napoleon IV ~ Emperor of the French

 

[tyriet]

[x] Ismail Pasha, Khedive of Egypt

 

[Frymonmon]

GM Note: I have a total of 33 nations. 7 of them have sent me orders. The deadline for orders is tomorrow.

 

[tyriet]

A question of Loyalty​

The self-declared "turkish-republic" has declared an end to the Ottoman Empire, to the Sultan's power - but the convention of Balta Liman, that ties Egypt to the Ottoman Empire, does so, as a personal oath to the Caliph, not to a title he had, but to his person.
The Turkish nationalists promise better conditions for the minorities, but was not the course of the Sultan to bring the people of the Empire closer together, be it through economic measures or social reform? Has there not been success recently in the Ottoman Empire on this issue, especially in the Balkans?

Surely, a republic, that names itself after one of its ethnicities, and then commends the others to follow its lead, to a place where the can only be treatment as inferior and chained to it, can not be trusted to treat all men of its realm equally, more so than an Empire that defines itself by ancient authority and cooperation of its various peoples?

This Turkish republic outright leads to danger on Egypt's borders, can and will not be trusted to ensure stability, and following their mad plans for reorganization, i hereby decree the mobilization of the Egyptian Army - and that the Egyptian army will progress towards ensuring and restoring order where necessary in the Levant, Hedjaz and other zones.
People of these regions, we ask you for cooperation and for loyalty towards the Ottoman cause. This will not be another Turko-Egyptian conflict over overlordship in those regions, but a mission to ensure your own safety and security from the hole that the current situation has caused.

Due to the Ottoman Sultan currently being in France and various Pashas being disloyal, as Khedive i now hold the highest military command in the Ottoman Empire, and thus urge and command the forces in the region to put themselves under Egyptian command until such time that order is restored and the Sultan can retake its command.

- Ismail Pasha, Khedive of Egypt

 

[Duke of Britain]

To the government of Peru I offer the following treaty as a mean of improving the relations between both of our nations, fostering growth and protecting our markets from the collapsing economies both in South America and abroad.

Brazilian-Peruvian treaty of trade and friendship​

1. With the aim of tightening the ties between both nations, the Brazilian and the Peruvian governments pledge to reduce tariffs and take other actions necessary to reduce barriers for goods coming from either signatory.
   
2. Both governments agree to cooperate in the matter of settling border disputes and will support each other when such a time comes where their territorial integrity is threatened

[X] His Imperial Majesty Dom Pedro II, Constitutional Emperor and Perpetual Defender of Brazil.
[ ] Peruvian president



OOC: Rushed treaty so it sucks, eh.

 

[Ranger900]

Brazilian-Peruvian Treaty

[X] President Manuel Pardo of Peru

 

[Stormbringer]

It is unfortunate that the Khedive of Egypt is illiterate, however there must be at least a single literate individual in Egypt who is able to read the Convention of Balta Liman to the Khedive. In case we are overestimating the literacy of the Egyptian population the relevant part of the Convention is as follows: "The Khedivate of Egypt will remain irrevocably bound as a vassal to the Ottoman Empire and will be required to take no actions, domestic or international, that may undermine the Empire."

As is clear the Khedive of Egypt was bound to vassalage in the Ottoman Empire, an entity that has ceased its existence as of August of this year. Whatever relations Egypt attains with the Republic of Turkey is really a matter for bilateral diplomacy which one would expect to take place between representatives of the two countries. An attack upon this new state is nothing more than an act of international aggression, regardless of how the Khedive attempts to dress it up.