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Dev Diary #136 - Our Vision for Persia

Greetings!

It is time to dive into the upcoming Flavor Pack - Legacy of Persia - giving a brief overview of the why and the what! The region has a rich and vibrant history making it both exciting and interesting to work with, not the least because it differs significantly from the regions we've chosen to cover in the past - Persia lies at the crossroads of the world, with a multitude of external influences combined with strong local traditions. Naturally while our focus has been on the Persian region itself, we've also aimed to shake up a portion of the world at large by revising how the Clan government works, so even if you're not playing in the Persian region there's something new and exciting to experience.

Co-writing this Dev Diary with me is Lucas Ribeiro - our skilled and multitalented 2D Art Lead at PDX Studio Black, who has been deeply involved with many of the features of this pack!


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So, why Persia?

For starters, our data pointed out that Persia is already a very popular starting location for our players. The region is within the top ten most picked starting locations and the most popular one outside of Europe.
Despite originally not having much flavor dedicated to the area and no bookmark characters attached to it, our players were still going for Persia playthroughs. There’s no better endorsement of the interest in the region than that!

But, player data aside, all history enthusiasts know how rich and interesting Persia is, even more so during Crusader Kings III’s time period. We saw this as a chance to create very interesting gameplay opportunities.
At the 867 game start, the Abbasid Caliphate is reeling from the Anarchy at Samarra. A moment in history when many Caliphs fell victim to a deadly struggle for power while insurrectionists raged up and down the Tigris and the Euphrates, such as the Kharijite and the Zanj Rebellions. Meanwhile in the east, Iranian rulers rose to challenge the Abbasid Authority. This time period, known as the Iranian Intermezzo saw a partial revival of Iranian culture with the ascension of the Saffarid and Samanid dynasties. About a century after the start date of 867, the Iranian Daylamite Buyids came to power, subjugating the Abassid Caliphate.
This Iranian comeback is then cut short by the Seljuk Invasion. A dynasty of turkic warrior nomads take over Persia and the Levant, submitting both Arabs and Iranians to their rule. Further on the east the Ghaznavids defeat the Samanids, cementing the end of the Iranian Intermezzo and leading into the state of Persia as we see in the 1066 start. The Buyids are not playable on the 867 start, as their founder, a warrior from the mountains of Daylam had yet to leap into history. But a last holdout of the dynasty can be found in Shiraz at the 1066 start.


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Clan Government Rework

Since the area of the flavor pack is almost entirely made up of Clan Rulers, for Legacy of Persia, we have decided to reimagine how the Clan government works.

Our aim is to more closely represent the familial struggles of the powerful clans of the time and the bureaucratic apparatus that backed their interests.

The Clan government is now directly tied to how your house members interact with each other. Each house will have a Unity Level that can be changed by intervention of the house head and by its members treating each other kindly or badly. A harmonious clan will have a consolidated succession, while an antagonistic one, not so much!

Clan rulers employ an office of bureaucrats, their Tax Collectors, to levy troops and coin from their vassals. The competence of a Tax Collector will dictate how much they manage to extract from the vassals assigned to them. Each Tax Collector manages a Jurisdiction with an associated Tax Decree. For example: You might want to place all your non-muslim vassals in a Jurisdiction with the Jizya Decree and maximize your gold income.

More details on the Clan Government design on a future dev diary.


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Iranian-Heritage Cultures

Persia and its surrounding areas are populated by a variety of different iranian-heritage cultures. We strived to give each one of them an original combination of cultural traditions that allow for a variety of new playstyles. The Kurds with their hard-to-convert culture and mountain cavalry, the Daylamites with their two-pronged spear wielding mercenaries and so on.
Persian culture, of course, received special attention. With new traditions about their famous scholarly pursuits and elaborate systems of water cooling and irrigation.

Iranian cultures have also received new clothes, headgears, hairstyles, beards and unit models, making them more appropriately distinct from the Arabic cultures. Also, due to their importance in the region, Turkic cultures have also received some sorely-missed assets, such as the Sharbush hat and the very recognizable Seljuk braids.


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Islam and Zoroastrianism


In Crusader Kings’ 3 starting date of 867, Islam has been the dominant religion of the upper classes in Persia for over a century. Still, Zoroastrian practices are still very much alive and widespread in the peasantry. We’ve done a general pass on religion in the region, adjusting provinces and characters to a more accurate historical representation. Tenets and doctrines for both Islam and Zoroastrianism have also received lots of adjustments and tweaks. Jizya, for example, has been moved to a tax jurisdiction type unlocked for muslim clan rulers. Both religions have received new decisions and events to flesh them out some more. They’re also strongly tied to the Struggle system in the region, speaking of which…


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A New Struggle, the Iranian Intermezzo

With Legacy of Persia, we are bringing a new Struggle, the Iranian Intermezzo.

This struggle seeks to represent the historical dissolution of the Caliphal authority over Persia and the ascension of new, powerful, Iranian Rulers In the 9th and 10th centuries. It also reflects a shorter historical period when compared to Fate of Iberia’s Struggle, so it is likely to be resolved more briefly and intensely.

Unlike Fate of Iberia, participant characters are clearly divided into factions. The Caliphal Supporters against the Detractors. A lot of new interactions are unlocked by this dynamic, such as convincing a character to switch sides, sponsoring turkic invasions against supporters, or waging war to install Caliphal Supporters.

The struggle has three phases, Unrest, Stabilization and Concession. The Concession phase is of a new type, a so-called Ending Phase. If a struggle gets to an Ending Phase, it will instantly trigger an ending. So, unlike Struggle Ending Decisions, where there is a dominant character that pushes the button to trigger it, every involved character can contribute to an Ending Phase by triggering relevant catalysts.

We have designed four struggle endings (three as decisions, one as an ending phase), which can be pursued in different ways, depending on the personal perspective of your character.

Will the Caliph be able to reestablish their power over the region? Will a powerful Shia ruler overtake the Sunni, creating a new Caliphate? Maybe an Iranian ruler will usher in an era of Persian dominance, forever boosting cultures of Iranian-heritage? Or, a Sunni Caliphal Detractor might oust the Caliph and take their place as head of faith?

In the Iranian Intermezzo Struggle we went for a more nuanced, granular approach, where the endings are subdivided into options that have different effects, according to your character’s culture, religion and whether they are part of the Supporter or Detractor faction.


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New 867 Bookmark

With Legacy of Persia we are adding a new bookmark, the Persian Revival, with five Iranian-heritage characters to choose from. These were picked both for their historical importance and to provide for a wide variety of gameplay styles.

In the mountains of Daylam we see a fan favorite, Rostam Bavandid, one of the last Sassanids in the game and a secret Zoroastrian. A great character if you are going for a “Sassanian Restoration” style playthrough.

In the southern reaches of Persia, Muhammad of the Tahirids is a loyal vassal and supporter of the Caliphate. His nephew, though, rules an independent emirate in Khorasan and is desperate for help against the invading Saffarids. This character was a great pick for us, since he’s split between internal and external conflicts in the Caliphate.

Since we mentioned Saffarids, we have Yaqub, the coppersmith. This lowly peasant rose to power through extraordinary military prowess. In one of his many battles, he was swordstruck and horribly disfigured. But, despite all these difficulties, this upstart is pushing back against the might of the Abbasids. He was an obvious choice for us, since he is an interesting historical figure and a sort of folk hero of the Iranian traditions, having restored Persian as the official dialect of the region (after it was supplanted by Arabic).

Next, we have one that will be familiar to the achievement hunters, Suri of the Ghurids. Although historically Suri is mostly known for running away from the Saffarids and hiding at his buddy Abdullah Habbari’s court, his dynasty eventually grew into a huge Empire. Being Tajik and Mahayana, he’s stuck between the Muslim and the Buddhist world, creating opportunities for interesting gameplay. There’s also a lot of juicy mines in the region that Suri can go claim and fuel his future conquests. Good luck to all players out there going for the “Rise of the Ghurids” achievement!

Lastly, we have Ismail of the Samanids. Despite being distant in the line of succession, historically Ismail came to supplant all of his relatives and assume control of his brother’s Emirate. The Samanids under Ismail grew into a true empire, only to be overtaken later by the Ghaznavids and the Seljuks. An interpretation of Ismail’s likeness can now be seen stamped on the Tajikistani currency, the Somoni, which is named after his dynasty.



That's it for this time! More details will follow soon!
 
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Sounds good, but I am mostly looking forward to the Turkic people like the Seljuk Turks and Turkmen who historically ruled the area. I really hope that is not forgotten with this DLC.
 
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I really hope I'll be able to play a Zoroastrian clan instead of being forced into the feudal government. Clan makes so much sense for the dynamics of pre-Islamic Iranian government especially when considering the Great Families. I totally agree with a previous mention of clan being tied to culture or even making it open to be adopted rather than strictly religion
 
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looks very promising, all the art looks really nice and the bookmark charaters are very interesting, clan rework also sounds cool but very early to say anything about it. But i am slightly concerned about the struggle mechanic and it's future. it's again very early of course and i will probably be wrong, but i hope the devs are able to make it different enough from the iberian struggle and that it won't just be put it in every future flavor pack with a slight variation. again very early to tell what it will be like from this really small part, same with the clan rework really. this is the only concern i have. looking forward to future dev diary's
 
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Happy to see! But I really, really really hope something for Ghulams is done. Previous games completely disregarded this aspect. The coups and overthrows by Ghulam/Mamluk classes throughout the region was quite prominent.

They played a major role in military as well as the governance. At the very least, have some kind of simple ghulam mechanic that ends up influencing a risk for a power struggle within the state.
 
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Looks great with many things that can shake up a regular gameplay.

I was a bit worried when I saw the struggle : I feared that all the content was going to be wrapped up in a struggle, and that the whole flavor was just those few early game years where you manage it.
It seems however that the struggle is here to accurately represent the complex fall of the empire, and is mainly a "starting situation". This means that there is plenty of content to discover for the centuries after the conclusion !

Incredibly hyped by the clan rework, I can't wait to see all the things you baked for us - mechanically and graphically speaking!
 
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It's looking great, and I am especialy happy to see another struggle has been added. Hopefuly we will see a struggle for Britain, Russia, Balkans and Italy as well in the future. Perhaps even emerging struggles for example after a succesful crusade has happened, both in the Holy Land as well as the one in the Baltic.

Regarding this DLC though are there any new CBs being added? And another thing that I was hoping for for some time now is the tributary system like the one that CK2 had, seems that a Persian DLC would be a great opportunity to add Tributaries and some CBs to go with them.
 
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Looks good so far, and excited to get more details.

I agree with others that I'd like to see clan be more connected to certain cultures (but still welcome it having interplay with certain religions).

Also hope the Yazidi faith also received some love
 
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I'm just running very successful Iberia campaign, ended the Iberian Struggle (all endings) and I'm excited that this mechanism will be available for different regions. This really makes CK3 unique.

After the struggle mechanics, maybe there'll be some kind of disaster mechanics (Mongol invasion, Sunset Invasion 2.0, ...) that roughly applies different rules to culture/war/religious/other interaction?
 
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Actually, one more thing.

Since we mentioned Saffarids, we have Yaqub, the coppersmith. This lowly peasant rose to power through extraordinary military prowess. In one of his many battles, he was swordstruck and horribly disfigured. But, despite all these difficulties, this upstart is pushing back against the might of the Abbasids. He was an obvious choice for us, since he is an interesting historical figure and a sort of folk hero of the Iranian traditions, having restored Persian as the official dialect of the region (after it was supplanted by Arabic).

Modern academia seems to largely disagree with the earlier understanding that Ya'qub ibn Al-Layth was some sort of Persian nationalist who was power-hungry warlord and was fully working against the Abbasids. These representations are from later works produced by the Abbasids and Samanids and are intentionally hostile, depicting him as religiously suspect (or even a heretic) and caring more about his own power and his culture more than anything. Depicting him as a nationalist is supposed to be slander.

Sources contemporary to his rule seem to depict him as someone completely driven by a desire to protect proto-Sunni Islam if anything. For most of his reign the main targets of his aggression were Khariji and Ghulat rebels, and then periodic raids against the non-Muslims of what is today Afghanistan. He was pretty ambivalent about the Caliphate: He supplanted the Tahirids since he felt that they were doing a poor job of crushing the Kharijites, but initially he was content with just taking their role as the Governor of Iran and still recognized the Abbasids as his spiritual and worldly overlord. It was only when he felt that Al-Mutamid was doing a poor job of protecting the Sunni world from all its various issues did he turn against the Caliphate - and even then, there's evidence that he was colluding with another Abbasid to simply replace Al-Mutamid with a Caliph more aligned with his interests, rather than wanting to supplant the Caliphate as a whole.

Strongly recommend reading this paper available to read for free on JSTOR if you just login.
 
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Very good that the region is finally getting love, imo although the flavor for muslim iranian and turkic rule should be expanded on(especially the long ignored details of turco-persian identity and the relationship of turkic dynasties with not only iranian culture but also iranian statehood), but other than the early medieval warlord era, persia in middle ages hardly has anything going on for it, so i suggest taking your time and beautifully flesh out the flavor associated with alternative zoroastrian revival paths, research it thoroughly and give it all the flavor it deserves, who knows maybe you will arrive at many new ideas, such as new government types.

Speaking of which, do you also have ideas for simulating government reforms that happened during the viziership of nizam-al-mulk tusi under seljuk rule? He basically tries to revive sassanid feudalism through the iqta system, i think that and its relation with settling the new nomadic turkic arrivals is an important factor to consider for persian flavor.

On a related side note tho, and ik this is outside the whole matter of flavors and into field of mechanics, but i think you should prolly try to simulate the importance of iranian divan court system and viziers in a better council mechanic that does the historical details of that system justice.

Rebellious northern warlords should get special attention btw otherwise this wouldnt be a full flavor pack, characters such as makan ibn numan fouladvand(iranian name shahdoost), mardavij ziyarid, the buyid guys and etc need special attention as they were even more pivotal than say, yaqub layth saffarid

To wrap it up i also suggest you reconsider the whole tajiks being seperate from persian thing, bc its historically inaccurate, if you want to simulate regional differences between same cultures this is not the way imo, you should instead redo the culture mechanic, the culture divergence in particular, you should make it so that each culture can have subcultures under it, and give them an extra culture tradition slot that represents their unique regional difference, each should have their own heads other than the head of the entire culture, with each head with the ability of diverging its subculture into a new culture if the conditions are met, which should be reworked into a gradual process if the head of a subculture changes one tradition more than the allowed regional difference, which starts a process that should be able to influenced in various ways, which upon completion will give one extra free tradition option, it also should come with a change that corresponds with hybridisation, this is at least my suggestion for a later date.
 
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So secret religions are back?
Its an important factor in persia of that era bc MANY of the iranians held zoroastrianism as a crypto religion, that also includes one of the greatest figures in islamic history the abu muslim, also important movements such as qarmatians were such sect, so a mechanic tied to secretly being zoroastrian is a must for this game
 
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One of the things I really hope for is the addition of new Islamic and/or Persian CoA patterns.
There is quite a few! some are Iranian-heritage exclusive like a huma bird, simurgh, bull or lion profiles. and of course, the cute sogdian ducks. But there are also quite a few new muslim ones (not exclusive to iranians)
 
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I am really looking forward to this region for a while. I recently played a longer game in that area which was extremely fun.

For me I hope there are a few smaller fixes in the region:

  • There is still the bug of the non-islamic persian titles of female characters hanging around. I hope that it will get fixed in this release date. It is a bug that also appears for your spouse (for example the Empire rank female ruler or spouse has two titles before her name)
  • I hope you have the opportunity to switch from feudal to clan or from clan to feudal if certain criterias are met. When I played my starting character I started as feudal and most of the manual title handouts were also feudal. But those that were handed out automatically or via event were Clan for some reason. Have clan or feudal vassals or players below King-level have the choice to switch to the lieges government system after a certain time because that doesn't really make sense otherwise
  • The Duchy of Yazd and the Sultante of Makran would need some more granularity (that is the only issue I have in the regional perspective)
  • Have some unique interactions with the Byzantine Empire/Emperor after forming the Empire of Persia as Zoroastrian (Some sort of Enemy of my Enemy thing or an old Rivalry)
  • Have some Zoroastrian or Faithless-aligned unique Buildings/Wonders in the Area aside of the Mosques.

That would be my takes for Persia.

As said before. I am really looking forward to it.
 
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Please don't call it Persia. Call it Iran instead. This is as triggering as calling Eastern Rome Byzantium.

I mean there is some excuse since Persia is based off of Persis/Parsa which is the etymological name for one of the historical regions in Iran, but yes it would be preferable if historical names used by the individuals living in the area were in place.

Edit: fixed typo
No need, persia is its historically used exonym by many languages, english included, so calling it persia doesnt uniran it, just like saying china doesnt unzhongguo the middle kingdom, or saying germany not undeutschlanding the reich, and etc
 
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A Clan Rework seems very promising!

As a family based system, is there any difference in how same-dynasty and different-dynasty houses deal with their Clan government liege?

I know clans are mentioned a lot in the section, but I'm not entirely sure if the word's being used as a synonym for Dynasty or just as a word for all Houses inside a certain realm.
It might help to remember that, in the game, 'Clan' is a government type.