Cumans and Kipchaks are the same people. The Cumans referred to themselves as Kipchaks. The name “Cumans” was given to them by Europeans.
As a Tatar, I know this well—and all Turkic peoples across Eurasia recognize the Kipchak tribe. However, there is no such tribe as the “Cumans” among Turkic peoples. The term has no Turkic translation; it is entirely a European name for the Kipchaks.
Codex Cumanicus is a medieval dictionary and a well-known written monument, presumably of the Cuman (Kipchak) language, dating back to the early 14th century (1303). The only surviving copy is kept in the library of St. Mark's Basilica in Venice. The name "Codex Cumanicus" was given to the manuscript by chance in the 14th century by Count Kún, a descendant of the Cumans who had settled in Hungary. However, the dictionary itself clearly states: "Bu tatar til" — This is the Tatar language
The Tatar language is a Kipchak language! There is no such thing as a distinct Cuman language or Cuman tribe!
There are numerous academic studies supporting this. I’ve attached one of them below:
ZBORNÍK FILOZOFICKEJ FAKULTY UNIVERZITY KOMENSKÉHO ROČNÍK XXXIII – XXXIV GRAECOLATINA ET ORIENTALIA BRATISLAVA 2012 ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ Cumans and Kipchaks: Between Ethnonym and Toponym Jaroslav DROBNÝ, Bratislava
As a Tatar, I know this well—and all Turkic peoples across Eurasia recognize the Kipchak tribe. However, there is no such tribe as the “Cumans” among Turkic peoples. The term has no Turkic translation; it is entirely a European name for the Kipchaks.
Codex Cumanicus is a medieval dictionary and a well-known written monument, presumably of the Cuman (Kipchak) language, dating back to the early 14th century (1303). The only surviving copy is kept in the library of St. Mark's Basilica in Venice. The name "Codex Cumanicus" was given to the manuscript by chance in the 14th century by Count Kún, a descendant of the Cumans who had settled in Hungary. However, the dictionary itself clearly states: "Bu tatar til" — This is the Tatar language
The Tatar language is a Kipchak language! There is no such thing as a distinct Cuman language or Cuman tribe!
There are numerous academic studies supporting this. I’ve attached one of them below:
ZBORNÍK FILOZOFICKEJ FAKULTY UNIVERZITY KOMENSKÉHO ROČNÍK XXXIII – XXXIV GRAECOLATINA ET ORIENTALIA BRATISLAVA 2012 ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ Cumans and Kipchaks: Between Ethnonym and Toponym Jaroslav DROBNÝ, Bratislava
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