What launcher version do you see? Current is 2022.5.1
If that's what you have, make sure C:/users/<UserName>/AppData/Local/Programs/Paradox Interactive/launcher-v2.2022.5.1/paradox launcher.exe is in the exceptions lists of your antivirus app.
And is there a file Documents/Paradox Interactive/Stellaris/continue_game.json ?
Yes, It's 2022.5.11
I have no idea where you can set exceptions for ESET NOD32, couldn't find nowhere it in settings.
I find out that Documents/Paradox Interactive/Stellaris/continue_game.json doesn't exist. insted it have Documents/Paradox Interactive/Stellaris/continue_game.temp
I find continue_game.json in E:\Games\Steam\SteamApps\common\Stellaris copied it in Documents, Resume button appeared suggesting to continue my last Win 7 game, I launched the game, when in game download non-ironman local save which I did yeterday, skip 1 month, save it local, exit the game, launch the game, button resume disappeared again.
I suspect what Wise Care 365 could messed up with files.
UPD. Button resume appered again with the last Win 7 save
UPD 2. Deleted continue_game.temp, left only continue_game.json, Resume button returbed, started new game, saved, Resume button disappeared insted of continue_game.json I discovered continue_game.temp