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Ispil

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Dec 13, 2013
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Perhaps a bit much to ask, but anyone know of any good sources on the various dioceses/bishoprics and overall structure of the Catholic and Orthodox churches in the 14th century (and perhaps other Christian churches, if at all possible)? I've got a mod that I want to make once PC comes out that adds some depth to the major Christian faiths by representing bishoprics as IOs with landless bishop tags as being the "owner", with some additional IOs above that to capture things like ecclesiastical provinces and the like. To do that, though, it would help if I had some strong resources as to what those actually look like in the 14th century.
 
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Maybe these maps can be of use to you:
1000018679.jpg
1000018678.jpg
 
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Repertorium Germanicum includes a list of dioceses that were considered part of the HRE. A version of the list (there's also a downloadable PDF in German) is accessible online at this site (RG Online) => Abkürzungen. The downloadable PDF is accessible under the same site as "Liste der Diözesen im 15. Jahrhundert (PDF - 59 KB)".

In addition, the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana has published the following monograph that includes research on the annates paid by bishops which should act as a relatively exhaustive list of dioceses: "Taxae pro communibus servitiis : ex libris obligationum ab anno 1295 usque ad annum 1455 confectis" by Hermann Hoberg (1949) (original I believe Latinized the author to Hermannus Hoberg).
 
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For much of Western Europe, the dioceses have not changed significantly since the fall of Rome. When in doubt, you can consult modern maps, and there’s a decent chance you’ll be right (or at least close)
 
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For much of Western Europe, the dioceses have not changed significantly since the fall of Rome. When in doubt, you can consult modern maps, and there’s a decent chance you’ll be right (or at least close)
That's not generally true. The 1559 papal bull Super universas thoroughly reorganised the dioceses in the Netherlands (present-day Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg, as well parts of northern France) so that the Protestant Reformation could be countered. The large medieval dioceses of Utrecht and Liege were reduced in size, as new smaller dioceses were erected on their territories. Utrecht was promoted to an archdiocese though. This reorganisation contributed to the Dutch Revolt, which caused the reorganisation to actually never take effect north the large rivers.

Also dioceses in France were thoroughly reorganised after the French Revolution and under Napoleon when departments were erected (1790) and through the Concordat of 1805. The latter changes also applied to territories annexed by France (again affecting Belgium).
 
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Also I suppose I need a good source on the structure of the Oriental Orthodox church of Ethiopia in this era. Lots of history there that I'm not even going to pretend to know about, so if anyone's got anything, that'd be great.
 
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This is a really interesting source!

However, some of the notes look incorrect (looking at the sources, it's not a big surprise as there's nothing focussed on Livonia). For example, for diocese Revaliensis is noted in 1374 to have become the suffragan of Riga. I have seen this before as well, but only unsourced. In sourced documentation, the Bishop of Reval was documented at the synod of Riga in 1423, but that is the only documentary evidence to consider him a suffragan of Riga. No papal document of this nature survives, and it is far more likely that Reval continued to be a suffragan of Lund until the end of the Middle Ages.
 
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Here's the dioceses of England and Wales around 1530 ( just before the dissolution of the monasteries).
 

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This is a map for scotland in the reign of David I ( first half of 12th century).
Both of these maps should not be much different to the situation in in 1337
 

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This is a really interesting source!

However, some of the notes look incorrect (looking at the sources, it's not a big surprise as there's nothing focussed on Livonia). For example, for diocese Revaliensis is noted in 1374 to have become the suffragan of Riga. I have seen this before as well, but only unsourced. In sourced documentation, the Bishop of Reval was documented at the synod of Riga in 1423, but that is the only documentary evidence to consider him a suffragan of Riga. No papal document of this nature survives, and it is far more likely that Reval continued to be a suffragan of Lund until the end of the Middle Ages.
Yeah, I'm not expecting perfect representation, but something approaching "good enough and if someone shows up with a better source I can correct it" representation for 1337. I'm also not planning on following the historical change of who's-suffragan-over-what; I'd rather that be dynamic and be able to adequately reflect the changes that happened historically, rather than mandating that they do happen or rigging up some sort of specific mechanism for specific historical changes.

I would imagine, for instance, that powerful realms would like to try and maintain full control of the ecclesiastical hierarchy that happens to hold sway in their lands (and we see that happen plenty, like Poland demanding the Ecclesiastical Patriarch elevate the Orthodox Bishop of Halych to metropolitan so that it couldn't be placed under control of a Russian archbishop despite the King of Poland being Catholic) and would likely try to force the Pope to organize the Church in their favor. I would see Reval winding up under Riga instead of Lund, for instance, in the event that a state in control of the region managed to have enough control of the region and win enough influence with the Pope to have that reorganization happen in their favor. In that regard, I agree with your assessment.

In the opposite case, I can see the Papacy restructuring bishoprics in areas without a powerful state to better suit their interest, such as breaking it up along cultural lines to facilitate conversion. We see that happen with the Council of Trent, and we know how that one turned out.

As long as I can get a solid-enough foundation for 1337 and sufficient inspiration for mechanics for transferring suffragan bishops, the circumstances for union/suppression of a diocese, it'll work wonders. Even now it seems like there's a good argument to be made for this mod's existence, because it allows for better representation of the reforms of the Catholic Church being able to happen locally under a sufficiently strong, centralized state even while the rest of the Church fails to deal with widespread corruption (i.e. why the Reformation hit much harder in Germany than it did Spain). Having individual bishops represented lets me model that to an incredible degree.

Honestly I can't wait to start modding this game.



As for sources, right now the ones I need are likely to be Serbia and Bulgaria for Europe. I managed to get access to that book on the Byzantines, so I have a rough outline of what that will look like (it's not exhaustive but at least captures the major bishoprics and the like). Then it's just Georgia, Armenia, and Ethiopia.
 
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Yeah, I remember reading about that from one of the sources in the Transylvania thread. Moldavia having to oblige Hungary by allowing various Catholic bishops in their lands, though none of them lasted especially long.
 
Fun fact: Once the diocese was created, the bishop of Funchal had jurisdiction over the entire area occupied by the Portuguese in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Thus, the Diocese comprised not only the Islands of Madeira, but all the territories discovered or to be discovered by the Portuguese. Thus, its jurisdiction extended throughout the western and eastern African territory, Brazil and Asia. Given its jurisdiction extent, the diocese's first bishop, D. Diogo Pinheiro used the title of Primate.
 
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