• We have updated our Community Code of Conduct. Please read through the new rules for the forum that are an integral part of Paradox Interactive’s User Agreement.

the_hdk

Grand Master
88 Badges
Dec 6, 2003
3.146
1.960
  • Stellaris - Path to Destruction bundle
  • Stellaris: Apocalypse
  • Stellaris: Humanoids Species Pack
  • Hearts of Iron IV: Expansion Pass
  • Crusader Kings II: Jade Dragon
  • Europa Universalis IV: Cradle of Civilization
  • Stellaris: Synthetic Dawn
  • Hearts of Iron IV: Death or Dishonor
  • Europa Universalis IV: Third Rome
  • Knights of Honor
  • Europa Universalis IV: Mandate of Heaven
  • Europa Universalis IV: Rule Britannia
  • Crusader Kings II: Monks and Mystics
  • Hearts of Iron IV: Together for Victory
  • Stellaris: Leviathans Story Pack
  • Stellaris: Digital Anniversary Edition
  • Europa Universalis IV: Rights of Man
  • Crusader Kings II: Reapers Due
  • Hearts of Iron IV: Cadet
  • Hearts of Iron IV Sign-up
  • Stellaris
  • Europa Universalis IV: Mare Nostrum
  • Hearts of Iron IV: La Resistance
  • Hearts of Iron 4: Arms Against Tyranny
  • Hearts of Iron IV: No Step Back
  • Hearts of Iron IV: By Blood Alone
  • Stellaris: Nemesis
  • Stellaris: Necroids
  • Europa Universalis 4: Emperor
  • Battle for Bosporus
  • Crusader Kings III
  • Imperator: Rome - Magna Graecia
  • Stellaris: Federations
  • Crusader Kings II: Conclave
  • Stellaris: Lithoids
  • Stellaris: Ancient Relics
  • Hearts of Iron IV: Expansion Pass
  • Imperator: Rome
  • Imperator: Rome Deluxe Edition
  • Europa Universalis IV: Golden Century
  • Crusader Kings II: Holy Fury
  • Stellaris: Megacorp
  • Europa Universalis IV: Dharma
  • Stellaris: Distant Stars
  • Europa Universalis III Complete
  • Europa Universalis III Complete
  • Europa Universalis III Complete
  • Heir to the Throne
  • For The Glory
  • Europa Universalis IV: Call to arms event
"The Land of Many Waters"

A Guyana VIP AAR

Parliament_Buildings_Georgetown_19t.jpg

- The Parliament Building in Georgetown

Welcome to my first Vicky AAR.
I've played Victoria many times, creating my own nation. And I struggled with an idea to do an AAR about it. Inspired by Libertad o Muerte! AAR by Treppe, I finally decided to do it.

It will be about the Fictional Nation of Guyana. An United Guyana under British, Dutch, French and Polish Aristocrats.

Game Specs:
Vicky VIP:R 0.3 a bit modded.
I created the Nation of Guyana but more on that in future updates.

In the first update I'll introduce the Lords from the four nations.
Most of the nobles will be fictional except the three governors of Guyanese colonies in 1836. Then I'll present the choices for the King from various European noble houses. I hope I'll get some posts and votes from some readers so I'll be able to continue :)

Updates:
----


----
 
Chapter One - History of Guyana​


Set like a gem in the crown of South America, nestled on the North-Eastern shoulder, defying the raging Atlantic Ocean, Guyana's many waterways reflect the source of it's name "The Land of Many Waters" Guyana was discovered in 1498 by the Europeans, its history; therefore stretches back a bit more than 500 years. Guyana's past is punctuated by battles fought and won, possessions lost and regained as the Spanish, French, Dutch and British wrangled for centuries to own this land.

Pre-colonial Guyana and first contacts

The first humans to reach Guyana belonged to the group of people that crossed into North America from Asia perhaps maybe as much as 35,000 years ago. These first inhabitants were nomads who slowly spread south into Central America and South America. Although great civilizations later arose in the Americas, the structure of Amerindian society in the Guianas remained relatively simple. At the time of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Guyana's inhabitants were divided into two groups, the Arawak along the coast and the Carib in the interior. One of the legacies of the indigenous peoples was the word Guiana, often used to describe the region encompassing modern Guyana as well as Suriname (former Dutch Guiana) and French Guiana. The word, which means "land of waters", is highly appropriate, considering the area's multitude of rivers and streams.

Historians speculate that the Arawak and Carib originated in the South American hinterland and migrated northward, first to the present-day Guianas and then to the Caribbean islands. The peaceful Arawak, mainly cultivators, hunters, and fishermen, migrated to the Caribbean islands before the Carib and settled throughout the region. The tranquility of Arawak society was disrupted by the arrival of the bellicose Carib from the South American interior. Carib warlike behavior and violent movement north made an impact still discussed today. By the end of the fifteenth century, the Carib had displaced the Arawak throughout the islands of the Lesser Antilles. The Carib settlement of the Lesser Antilles also affected Guyana's future development. The Spanish explorers and settlers who came after Columbus found that the Arawak proved easier to conquer than the Carib, who fought hard to maintain their freedom. This fierce resistance, along with a lack of gold in the Lesser Antilles, contributed to the Spanish emphasis on conquest and settlement of the Greater Antilles and the mainland. Only a weak Spanish effort was made at consolidating Spain's authority in the Lesser Antilles (with the arguable exception of Trinidad) and the Guianas.

Early colonization

Although Columbus sighted the Guyanese coast in 1498, during his third voyage to the Americas, the Dutch were the first Europeans to settle what is now Guyana. The Netherlands had obtained independence from Spain in the late 1500s and by the early 1600s had emerged as a major commercial power, trading with the fledgling English and French colonies in the Lesser Antilles. In 1616 the Dutch established the first European settlement in the area of Guyana, a trading post twenty-five kilometers upstream from the mouth of the Essequibo River. Other settlements followed, usually a few kilometers inland on the larger rivers. The initial purpose of the Dutch settlements was trade with the indigenous people. The Dutch aim soon changed to acquisition of territory as other European powers gained colonies elsewhere in the Caribbean. Although Guyana was claimed by the Spanish, who sent periodic patrols through the region, the Dutch gained control over the region early in the seventeenth century. Dutch sovereignty was officially recognized with the signing of the Treaty of Munster in 1648.

In 1621 the government of the Netherlands gave the newly formed Dutch West India Company complete control over the trading post on the Essequibo. This Dutch commercial concern administered the colony, known as Essequibo, for more than 170 years. The company established a second colony, on the Berbice River southeast of Essequibo, in 1627. Although under the general jurisdiction of this private group, the settlement, named Berbice, was governed separately. Demerara, situated between Essequibo and Berbice, was settled in 1741 and emerged in 1773 as a separate colony under direct control of the Dutch West India Company.

Although the Dutch colonizers initially were motivated by the prospect of trade in the Caribbean, their possessions became significant producers of crops. The growing importance of agriculture was indicated by the export of 15,000 kilograms of tobacco from Essequibo in 1623. But as the agricultural productivity of the Dutch colonies increased, a labor shortage emerged. The indigenous populations were poorly adapted for work on plantations, and many people died from diseases introduced by the Europeans. The Dutch West India Company turned to the importation of African slaves, who rapidly became a key element in the colonial economy. By the 1660s, the slave population numbered about 2,500; the number of indigenous people was estimated at 50,000, most of whom had retreated into the vast hinterland. Although African slaves were considered an essential element of the colonial economy, their working conditions were brutal. The mortality rate was high, and the dismal conditions led to more than half a dozen slave rebellions.

Transition to British rule

Eager to attract more settlers, in 1746 the Dutch authorities opened the area near the Demerara River to British immigrants. British plantation owners in the Lesser Antilles had been plagued by poor soil and erosion, and many were lured to the Dutch colonies by richer soils and the promise of landownership. The influx of British citizens was so great that by 1760 the English constituted a majority of the population of Demerara. By 1786 the internal affairs of this Dutch colony were effectively under British control.

As economic growth accelerated in Demerara and Essequibo, strains began to appear in the relations between the planters and the Dutch West India Company. Administrative reforms during the early 1770s had greatly increased the cost of government. The company periodically sought to raise taxes to cover these expenditures and thereby provoked the resistance of the planters. In 1781 a war broke out between the Netherlands and Britain, which resulted in the British occupation of Berbice, Essequibo, and Demerara. Some months later, France, allied with the Netherlands, seized control of the colonies. The French governed for two years, during which they constructed a new town, Longchamps, at the mouth of the Demerara River. When the Dutch regained power in 1784, they moved their colonial capital to Longchamps, which they renamed Stabroeck. The capital eventually would become known as Georgetown.

The return of Dutch rule reignited the conflict between the planters of Essequibo and Demerara and the Dutch West India Company. Disturbed by plans for an increase in the slave tax and a reduction in their representation on the colony's judicial and policy councils, the colonists petitioned the Dutch government to consider their grievances. In response, a special committee was appointed, which proceeded to draw up a report called the Concept Plan of Redress. This document called for far-reaching constitutional reforms and later became the basis of the British governmental structure. The plan proposed a decision-making body to be known as the Court of Policy. The judiciary was to consist of two courts of justice, one serving Demerara and the other Essequibo. The membership of the Court of Policy and of the courts of justice would consist of company officials and planters who owned more than twenty-five slaves. The Dutch commission that was assigned the responsibility of implementing this new system of government returned to the Netherlands with extremely unfavorable reports concerning the Dutch West India Company's administration. The company's charter therefore was allowed to expire in 1792 and the Concept Plan of Redress was put into effect in Demerara and Essequibo. Renamed the United Colony of Demerara and Essequibo, the area then came under the direct control of the Dutch government. Berbice maintained its status as a separate colony.

The catalyst for formal British takeover was the French Revolution and the resulting Napoleonic Wars. In 1795 the French occupied the Netherlands. The British declared war on France and in 1796 launched an expeditionary force from Barbados to occupy the Dutch colonies. The British takeover was bloodless, and local Dutch administration of the colony was left relatively uninterrupted under the constitution provided by the Concept Plan of Redress.

Both Berbice and the United Colony of Demerara and Essequibo were under British control from 1796 to 1802. By means of the Treaty of Amiens, both were returned to Dutch control. Peace was short-lived, however. War between Britain and France resumed in less than a year, and the United Colony and Berbice were seized once more by British troops. At the London Convention of 1814, both colonies were formally ceded to Britain. In 1831, Berbice and the United Colony of Demerara and Essequibo were unified as British Guiana.

britischguayana.jpg

Political, economic, and social life in the 1800s was dominated by a European planter class. Although the smallest group in terms of numbers, members of the plantocracy had links to British commercial interests in London and often enjoyed close ties to the governor, who was appointed by the monarch. The plantocracy also controlled exports and the working conditions of the majority of the population. The next social stratum consisted of a small number of freed slaves, many of mixed African and European heritage, in addition to some Portuguese merchants. At the lowest level of society was the majority, the African slaves who lived and worked in the countryside, where the plantations were located. Unconnected to colonial life, small groups of Amerindians lived in the hinterland.

Colonial life was changed radically by the demise of slavery. Although the international slave trade was abolished in the British Empire in 1807, slavery itself continued.


------
* - Map made by Treppe :cool:
 
Last edited:
britischguayana.jpg

Just to illustrate your first post I made this little map from my South America map. Just pretend as if there is no blue (platinean) colour in the bottom left corner.

I wasn't sure if french guayana is still hold by the french or if it is identical with the colony of Demerra. I chose the 'greater guayana' option.
 
Chapter Two - The Unification​

JCSmythe.gif
- Sir James Carmichael Smyth, Governor of British Guyana​

Agreement of Georgetown in 1835

Led by the Governor of British Guyana and old member of Duke of Wellington's staff Sir James Carmichael Smyth the three governors and other nobles of Guyana met in Georgetown in Spring of 1835 to discuss the problems of Guyana. Smyth proposed to unify the three colonies under one banner, a new banner to enlarge the influence of the plantocracy. Inspired by the United States of America and Brazil he wanted Guyana to become a united nation. The British, Dutch and French nobles saw opportunity in this movement so they all agreed to Smyth's plan. When united, immigrants from Europe could arrive more easily and end the problem of workers shortages.
Not speaking about the increase of power and influence for the noble class.
Not longer only a plantocracy but a prospect at way more.

Unexpected the European countries all agreed on Smyth's proposal to unite Guyana. They all saw opportunities in Guyana where they could gain more influence in South America. The three countries hoped to become a sole partner of the new nation.

newnation.gif

The Agreement was signed in Georgetown in June of 1835. The Country would be reigned by the House of Lords. The amount of places of the Chamber was assigned equally, ten for each group. The European powers had only two requests. The first was the continuation of trade from the old colonies and the second was that the new nation needed a monarch.
The nobles ware ecstatic about this until they read that they needed to choose from European candidates and members of Royal houses.
The election was set for January 1836.

aristo.jpg

Polish Aristocracy

The Polish Aristocracy mostly living in exile and without a nation after the dissolution of Duchy of Warsaw heard about Smyth's plan of Guyanese Unification. In November of 1835 a group of five Polish aristocratic families came with a proposal to Smyth. They already had an agreement with the Brazilian Emperor about the purchase of Quanam.
For five places in the House of Lords, each for a family they wanted to join Guyana. The three groups ware more than happy with the Polish nobles.
They all believed that they could get them on their sides and therefore increasing their influence above the other groups.

The House of Lords

British Aristocracy
James Carmichael Smyth (1779), Robert Sutton (1784), Charles Townshend (1791), John Mohun (1791), Thomas Blount (1787), Henry Vane (1776), John Murray (1776), William Byron (1791), Arthur Capell (1791), John Lumley (1793)

Smyth is Old Governor and Army Lieutenant. The most influential British noble in Guyana. Blount is a brilliant military commander. While Murray is one of the best administrators out the British plantocracy.

Dutch Aristocracy
Evert van Heeckeren (1792), Anton Van Eck (1790), Jurgen Van Randwijck (1786), Gerrit Van Cleef (1785), Willem De Stuers (1797), Cornelis Van den Hinterkop (1792), Louis Pauw (1781), Robert De Lange (1791), Thomas De Rotte (1776), Phillip Van der Mieden (1800)

Van Randwijck and De Lange have great Administrator skills and are one of the richest families in Guyana, while Baron van Heeckeren and Thomas De Rotte are fine Naval Commanders.

French Aristocracy
Francios de Chiosy (1771), Paul du Camper (1780), Leopold Randan (1794), Ernest Boufflers (1800), Fulbert Villars (1794), Leandre Harcourt (1774), Boniface Rambouillet (1796), Louis Nevers (1782), Dorian Lévis (1802), Louis Fleury (1771)

Harcourt is a good businessman that can make any venture a success but he is a very stubborn man. Lévis and Fleury are veteran soldiers and great commanders.

Polish Aristocracy
Andrzej Opalinski herbu Łodzia (1793), Stanislaw Jachimowicz herbu Pobóg (1777), Jan Bratkowski herbu Przegonia (1771), Wladyslaw Kozienicki herbu Wieniawa (1803), Boleslaw Grunowski herbu Leliwa (1799)

Jan Bratkowski is the only talented of these nobles in administration. Having experience with his estates in Ruthenia.
 
Interesting premise! I'll follow!

Thankx and welcome! :)

Drat, Ian was faster. Well than I shall subscribe in second place. But I may have a special gift for you. Needless to say I like both your idea and the opening post.

Hope you'll like it. :) about your tips. I won't be able to update too often I guess once a week :) and yes I want to start with monarchy right away. :D

britischguayana.jpg

Just to illustrate your first post I made this little map from my South America map. Just pretend as if there is no blue (platinean) colour in the bottom left corner.

I wasn't sure if french guayana is still hold by the french or if it is identical with the colony of Demerra. I chose the 'greater guayana' option.


Wow. Brilliant. :cool: big tnx!

I'll add it to the first post :)

in the next update I'll introduce the King Candidates for everyone to vote :)
 
Your welcome :). I made a flag too but it was more with an republican dutch Guyana in mind.

I think you should take a bavarian prince upon the list of possible monarchs.
1. they were quite popular among the european royal families
2. he could be the perfect arbitration candidate as he is neiter french, dutch or english
3. It would make a great setting with the bavarian king as political football (term?) between the dutch, french and british factions. (reminds me of greece)
4. And most importantly the chance to get some good pilsener in the local pubs. (reminds me of greece again).
 
Your welcome :). I made a flag too but it was more with an republican dutch Guyana in mind.

I think you should take a bavarian prince upon the list of possible monarchs.
1. they were quite popular among the european royal families
2. he could be the perfect arbitration candidate as he is neiter french, dutch or english
3. It would make a great setting with the bavarian king as political football (term?) between the dutch, french and british factions. (reminds me of greece)
4. And most importantly the chance to get some good pilsener in the local pubs. (reminds me of greece again).

Yeah, the Wittelsbach family had some real good genes. Except for Ludwig II, who went a bit insane in his later years, but every royal family has their blemishes. One might think he would be supported by the Polish and the French on religious grounds, and opposed by the Brits and Dutch on the same basis, which would make for interesting, yet not necessarily harmful, relations.

Have you given any thought to a Grimaldi? While they were only ruling over Monaco, they were well respected and usually quite intelligent people
 
This seems really interesting. I'll be watching! I'm curious how an AAR from the northern coast of South America will end up...

tnx :) and welcome. I hope you will enjoy it :)

Your welcome :). I made a flag too but it was more with an republican dutch Guyana in mind.

I think you should take a bavarian prince upon the list of possible monarchs.
1. they were quite popular among the european royal families
2. he could be the perfect arbitration candidate as he is neiter french, dutch or english
3. It would make a great setting with the bavarian king as political football (term?) between the dutch, french and british factions. (reminds me of greece)
4. And most importantly the chance to get some good pilsener in the local pubs. (reminds me of greece again).

I like the flag, has the orange and nassau blue :)but I'll decide on the flag once I know who the King will be :)

by popular demand I shall add a Bavarian candidate :) not Otto ofcourse as he's already a King :D

Yeah, the Wittelsbach family had some real good genes. Except for Ludwig II, who went a bit insane in his later years, but every royal family has their blemishes. One might think he would be supported by the Polish and the French on religious grounds, and opposed by the Brits and Dutch on the same basis, which would make for interesting, yet not necessarily harmful, relations.

Have you given any thought to a Grimaldi? While they were only ruling over Monaco, they were well respected and usually quite intelligent people

Good Idea, I shall look into it :)

I'll start with my candidates in a few. I have 6 so far :)
 
Chapter Three - Candidates for King Part One​


#1 - Louis d'Orleans

250px-LodewijkNemours.jpg

Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours

Prince Louis is the second son of King Louis-Philippe of France.
(Born 1814) Age 22 and unmarried.

Culture: French Catholic
Royal House: Bourbon-Orléans

Louis was considered for the King of Greece as early as 1825 and nearly became the King of Belgians in 1831 but his father had to decline due to the French Army support in the Belgian Revolution. Young, energetic and militaristic. The main candidate from the French faction. If he would become the King, the French would become the main ally of Guyana for years to come.

#2 - François d'Orleans

250px-PrinceDeJoinville.jpg

Prince François, Prince of Joinville

The Third son of King Louis-Philippe of France
(Born 1818) Age 18 and unmarried.

Culture: French Catholic
Royal House: Bourbon-Orléans

The younger brother of Louis, François is studying at the French Naval Academy. François is a bit reckless but brave. An intelligent young man.
Just like with his brother Louis, his coronation would be cheered by the French Faction and they would become Guyanese allies. One of his biggest concerns would be the construction of Guyanese Navy. Other factions would be more pleased with François than Louis on the throne.

#3 -August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha


Augustodesaxecoburgogota.jpg

Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

August is the second son of Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Saalfeld, the younger brother of Ferdinand, King-consort of Portugal. He's also a nephew of Leopold I King of the Belgians and Prince Albert who is being named as a candidate for a husband of Victoria the heiress to the United Kingdom.

(Born 1818) Age 18 and unmarried.

Culture: German Protestant
Royal House: Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

August's family connections make him a good candidate for the crown of Guyana. The British faction sees him as their main candidate with the future marriage of Albert and Victoria in mind. There are rumors of his possible future marriage with Princess Clémentine of Orléans, daughter of King Louis-Philippe of France. The marriage could convince the French faction to support August. The Dutch Faction could be convinced and support him on religious grounds.

#4 Frederick of Orange-Nassau

210px-Fred1797.jpg

Prince Frederick of the Netherlands

The second son of king William I of the Netherlands.
(Born 1797) Age 39 and married to Louise, daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia. They have a daughter Louise (b:1828).

Culture: Dutch Protestant
Royal House: Orange-Nassau

Another former candidate for the Greek throne, Frederik declined because he didn't want to rule a nation of foreign to him people. Guyana being for a quarter an old Dutch colony is a possibility. If he would be chosen, Netherlands would become the main ally with support of Prussians. Educated by Clausewitz and took part in battle of Waterloo.
 
Oh! Looking good!
 
Chapter Four - Candidates for King Part Two

#5 - Alexander of Württemberg

180px-Alexander_von_Wuerttemberg.jpg

Duke Alexander of Württemberg

Nephew of King Frederick I of Württemberg.
(Born 1804) age 32. Married Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde they have no childeren.

Culture: German
Royal House: Württemberg

Alexander is a bit of an outsider as an candidate. No faction has him as their main candidate, still he could win if none of the factions can compromise.


#6 - Karl Theodor von Bayern

200px-Prince_Karl_Theodor_of_Bavaria.jpg

Prince Karl Theodor of Bavaria

He is the second son and fifth child of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and brother of Ludwig the current King of Bavaria.

(Born 1795) Age 41 and married to Marie Anna Sophie de Pétin. They have three children; Caroline Sophie (b:1816), Maximiliane Theodore (b:1823) and Franziska Sophie (b:1827)

Culture: German
Royal House: Wittelsbach

Karl is a serious candidate for the crown. The three main factions might consider him as a compromise if none can be persuaded. A General in the Bavarian Army, one of Karl's biggest concerns would be the creation of an Guyanese Land Army. The only minor problem might be the fact that he has no sons.

#7 - Honoré Grimaldi

Honore_5med.jpg

Honoré V, Prince of Monaco

The Prince of Monaco.
(Born 1778) Age 58 and unmarried.

Culture: French/Italian
Royal House: Grimaldi

Honoré is pretty old and still unmarried, yet he makes a good candidate for the King due to his good reputation in Europe and other Royal Houses.

#8 - Michał Gedeon Radziwiłł

166px-Micha%C5%82_Gedeon_Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82.JPG

Prince Michał Gedeon Radziwiłł

(Born 1778) Age 58 Married Aleksandra Stecka they have three childeren; Michalina (b:1820), Karol Andrzej (b: 1821) and Zygmunt (b: 1822)

Culture: Polish Catholic
Royal House: Radziwiłł

The Polish candidate. He has a small chance if the three main factions decide on a candidate from outside their nation. This would increase the influence of Russia on Guyana.


------
Those are my 8 candidates. Please vote :) The voting will take place until next week. If someone proposes a new candidate he will be added. Remember that you can change your vote untill the deadline (WW-style :p)
 
What of Napoleons son? Napoleon the II would be a interesting canidate.
 
What of Napoleons son? Napoleon the II would be a interesting canidate.

if you mean Napoleon II he died in 1832. If you meant Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte the nephew of Napoleon I (the son of Louis Bonaparte) than it could be a possibility but he will become the future French Emperor as Napoleon III.
 
I may suppose:

(#9)Prinz Luitpold von Bayern

luit_februar.jpg

Prinz Luitpold von Bayern*​

Third son of Ludwig I., king of Bavaria, and younger brother of Otto I. of Greece.
(Born 1821) Age 15 and unmarried.

Culture: German Catholic (some germans might say Bavarian)
Royal House: Wittelsbach

The young prince receives a sophisticated education from some of the best european scholars, he is very interested in the arts and modern sciences. He also has received a military education and is already Major in the bavarian artillery corps.
Yet more of an 'underdog' in the race for the guyanese throne he cold rally some support among all factions who see the young age of the prince rather as an advantage (to manipulate him), furthermore he could be married to any elligble candidate (which makes him again interesting for all factions).


###DISCLAIMER###
This is not official and wasn't yet agreed upon by the_hdk. Therefore this is only a proposal and the_hdk will decide if Luitpold makes it into the official candidate list or not.

I think he might be a much better candidate than his uncle Karl Theodor, who was unwilling to become King of Greece because he didn't want to go abroad and govern a country of people unknown to him. But perhaps he might accompany his nephew and become regent until his majority

*it's the only picture I could find of him as a teenager.
 
Last edited: