There's definitely some funky succession stuff that can go down in eusocial hives, yeah, and the biological wiring of castes imparts certain behaviours, absolutely. The important thing to remember is that neither of those are in service to an individual- the entire reason "swarm intelligence" is so interesting as a field of research to many people is that its an emergent property of a complex system and that its very, very good at solving certain types of problem. Ants and bees have pretty much mastered the Travelling Salesman logistics problem, not through any form of overseeing intelligence that can consider or direct around it, but simply through the independent actions of many, many agents working off of their limited awareness of each other's actions.I see. Well, they are still biologically speciliased to a specific role and don't willingly cooperate, but rather futhfill their preprogrammed role. We can remember the exploding ants, for instance. Whilist I agree that it's been a while since I read anything about ants, it is true that they have the same genome and thus same potential before they get specialised. Reminds me of body cells, really. Besides, it is common for heirs to kill the current hive "leader", we can take bumble bees for instance. But I see what you mean, thank you.
This is all why I'm so keen on keeping the distinction between a "hive mind" as popularized by pop-culture media and the actual behaviour and reality of eusocial organisms separate- the very use of "hive mind" as a term is damaging to how people understand the behaviour of IRL hives.