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Tinto Maps #6 - 14th of June 2024 - Great Britain & Ireland

Hello everyone. @Pavía and the rest of the Content Design team are busy working on the feedback for the previous Tinto Maps, so I'm standing in for this week.

I'm @SaintDaveUK, some of you might have seen me here and there on the forums, but the long story short is that I work on a very secret game whose name I am contractually obligated to redact. That's right, it's ███████ ██████!

This week you get a double-whammy, mostly because it’s really hard to show Britain on its own on a screenshot. Partly to side-step the “British Isles” naming controversy, but mainly because the gameplay of them both is so different, this part of Europa is divided into 2 distinct regions: Great Britain and Ireland.

Climate​

The mild Oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) dominates the isles. Where it cools towards the inland Pennines and the Scottish Highlands (Köppen Cfc), we represent it with the wintry and dreich Continental climate.

climate.jpg




Topography​

The isles are dominated by green and pleasant flatlands and low rolling hills, the peripheries punctuated by rocky mountains and craggy highlands.

We would like to add some more impassable locations in northern England and the Scottish borders to make manoeuvres a little more interesting and strategic, but would like suggestions from people more familiar with the Pennines.

[Edit: 16 June added the missing map]

topography.JPG


Vegetation​

The great moors, bogs, and fens are represented by Sparse vegetation, meanwhile much of the land is still wooded.

vegetation.jpg




Raw Materials​

The raw goods situation aims to reflect the economic reality of medieval Britain. Shepherding was common on every corner of the islands, a lot of the wool produced was sold to the industrial hub of the Low Countries to be manufactured into cloth, which was in turn sold back to British markets.

The further north-west we go, the less fertile the terrain, and as such the greater reliance on pastoral farming such as livestock over wheat. The western hills and valleys also expose a greater number of mineral delights, including the historic stannary mines of Devon and Cornwall.

raw_materials.jpg




Markets​

As you can see the two starting markets are London and Dublin. Aside from London we could have chosen almost any town, from Aberdeen to Bristol. We chose Dublin as it was the main trade centre in Ireland, and also because it handsomely splits the isles to the East and West of the Pennines, demonstrating the impact that terrain can have on dynamic Market attraction.

They are both shades of red because they are coloured after the market centre’s top overlord country – market control is a viable playstyle and we like to think of it as a form of map painting for countries not focused on traditional conquest routes.

market.jpg




Culture​

We have decided to go with a monolithic English culture. We could have forced the introduction of a second Northumbrian or even third Mercian culture, but typically they were not really considered separate peoples. The English, though diverse in origin and with a variety of dialects, had already begun to coalesce in the face of the Viking invasions hundreds of years before.

Scotland, conversely, is a real porridge of cultures. The Lowland Scots (who speak a dialect of Northumbrian English that later develops into the Scots language) dominate their kingdom from their wealthy burghs, and are gradually encroaching onto the pastoral lands of the Gaelic Highlanders. The Norse-Gaelic clansmen watch from the Western Isles, with some old settlements remaining around Galloway. The far north, ironically called Sutherland, retains some Norse presence.

Wales, conquered for around a century by this point, plays host to English burghers looking to make a few quid, as well as the descendants of Norman adventurer knights in the marcher lordships, but is still majority Welsh-speaking from Anglesey to Cardiff.

The Anglo-Irish (representing the spectrum from Cambro-Norman knights to the so-called ‘Old English’ settlers) live in great numbers in the south-eastern trading towns from Dublin to Cork, as well as in smaller numbers in frontier outposts.

The cosmopolitan towns across the isles are also home to people from elsewhere in Europe, most notably Flemish weavers from the Low Countries, though their numbers are too small to impact the mapmode.

The Norman ███████ dominates as the ██████████████ for both of the kingdoms and their subjects. The conquest of 1066 is no longer fresh, but the continuing bonds between the aristocratic classes of England, Scotland, and France have kept the French language alive and strong.

culture.jpg






Religion​

I decided that it's not even worth taking a screenshot of the Religion map mode. There are tiny minorities of Jewish people in some Scottish and Irish towns (they had been expelled from England), but they are so small in number they don't even register on the map mode

Other than that, it's all Catholic. But not for long.

> John Wycliffe has entered the chat.


Areas​

Based on the 4 provinces of Ireland (sorry Meath) and splitting England roughly into the larger Anglo-Saxon earldoms which have some similarity with the modern Regions (sorry Yorkshire).

areas.jpg





Provinces​

We have fixed the colours of the Provinces mapmode so you can see the individual provinces a bit more clearly. These are largely based on the historic counties, which have remained fairly constant throughout history, while merging some of those that are too small.

We’ve almost certainly offended someone.

The ancient Scottish shires are pretty messy and difficult to coalesce into neat provinces, so any suggestions for better arrangement there would be very welcome.

provinces.jpg




Locations​


You might notice that the locations in Ireland are varyingly written in both English and in Irish. This is because we have the new system up-and-running where we can name Locations by the primary culture of the country they are owned by.

This means that for example London might be called Londres if it was ruled by a Catalan country. It’s currently a WIP feature and we might add more elements, such as a game setting to base the name on dominant culture of the location instead, or to just use default (English) names.

locations.jpg




Government Types​

As with most of Europe, most of the countries are under some monarchy or another, but the Irish tuathas begin with the Tribe government type. This, among other mechanics such as [redacted] helps to give them a very unique playing style in Europe.

government.jpg


Countries​

England

England of course stands as the dominant kingdom in the isles. Despite having a lot of power resting on the barons, the country is fairly unitary even at this point, with very little practical separation between the crown’s power in somewhere like Kent versus Yorkshire. However there are notable exceptions.

The powerful Burgesses estate in the City of London enjoys ancient freedoms from royal power, while the king peers in from the Crown’s seat of power in neighbouring Westminster.

The County Palatine of Durham is not represented by a country, but buildings that give the Clergy Estate a huge amount of power in the locations it is present in. This also ties into political gameplay as a ██████████ ██████.

The newly created Duchy of Cornwall—the only duchy in England at the time—would also not be represented well by the Cornwall country, being a disparate set of manorial holdings that are ironically mostly in Devon. Cornwall of course exists as a releasable country though.

The Isle of Man is a little less certain. For now we have it as a subject of England. On paper it was a ‘kingdom’ awarded to William Montagu, the king’s favourite, however we aren’t sure if he actually wielded any real power on the isle. It changed hands between England and Scotland numerous times in this period, but in practice it appears to have been governed by a local council of barons. Any more details on exactly what was going on here in this period would be greatly appreciated.

These decisions have been made because as England heaves itself out of the feudal system, we thought it would be best if the small-fry inward-looking internal politicking is handled through the Estates and [redacted] systems, and then the diplomacy tracks are freed up for the English player to behave more outwardly against other major countries.

Wales

Though subjugated by conquest, Wales was not formally annexed into the Kingdom of England until the mid 1500s. As such the principality begins as a Dominion subject under England.

Those familiar with Welsh history will note that historically the Principality of Wales didn’t extend much beyond the old kingdom of Gywnedd. Much of the country to the southeast was in fact ruled by marcher lords, which we represent with a powerful Nobility estate in the valleys and beyond.

There is an alternative vision of Wales that I would like to gauge opinion on, and that is expanding it to include the Earldom of Chester and the marches on the English side of the modern border. If you are an Englishman familiar with modern borders this might look alarming, but these lands were also constitutionally ambiguous parts of the “Welsh Marches” until the 1500s. This will hand over to the Wales player the full responsibility of dealing with the marcher lords, allowing England to focus on bigger picture issues like beating France.

Ireland

Ireland is going through a moment of change. English royal power is centred on the Lordship of the Pale, the king’s Dominion ruling out of Dublin Castle. However, it struggles to keep a grasp on the rebellious Hiberno-Norman earls scattered around the island - some of whom remain as vassals, some of whom have managed to slip free of royal control.

The Tanistry system of succession endemic to the Gaelic Irish has its advantages, but it can also lead to chaotic feuds between rival branches. The so-called Burke Civil War has fractured the powerful Earldom of Ulster into rival Burke cousins who jealously feud over their shrinking lordships in Connaught. Native Irish princes of the north have reconquered most of their own lands from the de Burghs, but there are also two rival O’Neill cousins who style themselves King of Tyrone either side of the River Bann.

The feuding Irish lack a unifying figure, but anyone powerful enough could theoretically claim the title of High King. The former provincial kingdoms, such as Meath and Connacht, enjoy the elevated rank of Duchy, giving them a slight edge in the High Kingship selection.

Scotland

The chancer Edward Balliol continues his attempt for the Scottish throne, with England’s tacit permission. It’s hard to determine the exact lands held by Balliol in 1337, but we know his disinherited loyalists hold the castle of Perth while his English allies had seized large tracts of the lowlands from Bruce. Balliol has also bought the loyalty of the MacDonald and the other Hebridean galley lords by granting them remote land on the west coast of the mainland.

Meanwhile, Scotland’s canny regent Sir Andrew de Moray launches his decisive counterattack as his true king, David II de Bruce, waits in exile in France.

political.jpg


Dynasties​

We know about Plantagenet, Balliol, and Bruce, so I've zoomed in on Ireland to show the ruling dynasties of the various chieftains and earls.

dynasty.jpg


Population​

Excuse the seams and the greyscale mapmode. We have something better in the pipeline...

population_country.jpg
population_location.jpg




Well, thats it for now!

As always the team is eagerly awaiting your feedback and looking forward to the discussions. We’ll try to keep on top of the thread, but we have a teambuilding activity this afternoon so it might be a little more sporadic than usual!

Next week: Anatolia!
 
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Regarding the topography of Ireland, some odd choices there, especially with regard to the marshes. I’m guessing someone researched Irish bogs and placed marshes in the relevant spots, but a lot of Irish bogs are “mountain bogs”, and would be better represented by sparse hills or even mountains. This would include Umhaill in Connacht, Dún na nGall and maye Inis Eoghain in Ulster, and Cill Airne, Cairbrigh and Dingle in Munster. There's also a location to the east of Sligeach whose name I can't make out, it appears to be flatland, but should also be sparse hills. An argument could be made for Erris to be either hills or marsh.

Oddly Castlebar and Tuam are listed as hils, when they should be flatland or marsh.
I agree that marshes are overrepresented, but 'mountains' are a big word to use for Ireland's topography
The density of bogs in the south is overestimated, similarly in the north

The ruggedness of Ireland is relatively limited, especially in central ireland.
(Unfortunately compressed) screenshot from my topography post (full-size here):
- green is flatlands/marsh
- gray is rolling hills
- pale color is rugged hills

@SaintDaveUK : Aldaron has my uncompressed file if you want the reference.
2024-06-18_12.46.53-Window.png
2024-06-18_12.55.24-Window.png
2024-06-18_12.55.54-Window.png
 
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I agree that marshes are overrepresented, but 'mountains' are a big word to use for Ireland's topography
(I removed the rest as I can't post links)

While I agree with your characterisation of the Irish 'mountains' as being little more than overgrown hills the same could be said for the mountains of England & Wales. I should know, I've climbed lots of them! The relevant list is probably the Hewitt's which characterise the peaks over 2000ft & ~100ft prominence. Of this list, English mountains feature far less prevalently than their Welsh & Irish counterparts. The Wicklow mountains in particular were a thorn in the side of English domination for centuries. One only has to look at how the pale was spread much further inland than along the south coast. The main road through the mountains (the military road) was only built as a preventative measure against another rebellion in the aftermath of the 1798 rebellion. Which just goes to show how long it was until the mountains could be totally subdued as a threat.

If anything the prevailing weather conditions (particullarly on the west coast of Ireland) would make those mountains nearly entirely impassible at any scale for medieval people in winter.
 
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I personally disagree on this as the naming conventions seem to track with population centres whereas Tara was largely a ceremonial site during this time period
The major problem with this sentiment is that prior to English control there were very little population centres in Ireland. So if I were to name every location after a population centre it would be very likely that the Irish equivalent at the time wouldn't exist.
 
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In Kerry I think something like this would be interesting:
View attachment 1149709
This would create the strong defensible terrain for the Irish in the area which made that area very hard to subdue. Uíbh Ráthach is very mountainous and if there is no impassible terrain it should certainly be changed to mountain terrain.

In Wicklow I think something like this:
View attachment 1149712
This version of Wicklow creates some very interesting strategic scenarios while representing that it was possible to cross them. It would help create siutations like the Glenmalure insurrection & United Irishman rebellions where the English had a really difficult time exerting control over Wicklow even despite it's proximity to Dublin.

Thanks for listening to my suggestions! I hope they spark some ideas/maybe get integrated into the game.
Wicklow
I had a bit more of a think about this layout and think something like this might work better in Wicklow within the mechanics of the game. The impassible territory now follows the core spine of the wicklow mountains.
1718717622452.png

This also allows the creation of a Ó Broin faction in Leinster (Gleann Dá Loch based) who used to harrass the English & the kings of Leinster from the mountains. They would burn down towns and generally be a massive nuisance until the flight of the earls.
online sources:
- https://www.wicklow(dot)ie/Portals/0/Documents/Arts%20Heritage%20&%20Archives/Heritage/Cultural%20Heritage/Our%20Cultural%20Heritage/)Wicklow_LateMiddleAges_.pdf
- https://heritage.wicklowheritage(dot)org/topics/the_last_county/the_last_county_-_the_obyrnes_and_the_shiring_of_wicklow

My basic point is that the conquest of Ireland was not some easy breeze where the English came in and swept the Gaels out of the way. It was an incredibly hard fought campaign with ebbs and flows where the defenders succesfully used the terrain to resist encroachment for centuries.

Kerry
Also redrew my Kerry suggestion to be more accurate to the topography.
1718718312343.png


Finally, would it be possible to see a full map with all the Irish placenames? I think we could help identify halfway decent names for most places.
 
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While I agree with your characterisation of the Irish 'mountains' as being little more than overgrown hills the same could be said for the mountains of England & Wales. I should know, I've climbed lots of them! The relevant list is probably the Hewitt's which characterise the peaks over 2000ft & ~100ft prominence. Of this list, English mountains feature far less prevalently than their Welsh & Irish counterparts. The Wicklow mountains in particular were a thorn in the side of English domination for centuries. One only has to look at how the pale was spread much further inland than along the south coast. The main road through the mountains (the military road) was only built as a preventative measure against another rebellion in the aftermath of the 1798 rebellion. Which just goes to show how long it was until the mountains could be totally subdued as a threat.

If anything the prevailing weather conditions (particullarly on the west coast of Ireland) would make those mountains nearly entirely impassible at any scale for medieval people in winter.
I definitely agree to some extent, but as the classification of a mountain is very subjective depending on your point of view, I feel we should attempt to be consistent.
For instance, a relatively recent classification resulted in this map viewer. While it has its scientific merit, I think we can agree that we should not consider the Ardennes or the Harz-mountains equivalent to the Alps or Pyrenees.

I'm a big proponent for combining seasonal effects on top of topography and vegetation conditions; which I'm sure will result in hellish conditions for the English trying to mess about in the Wicklow mountains :)
 
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I definitely agree to some extent, but as the classification of a mountain is very subjective depending on your point of view, I feel we should attempt to be consistent.
For instance, a ~ resulted in~. While it has its scientific merit, I think we can agree that we should not consider the Ardennes or the Harz-mountains equivalent to the Alps or Pyrenees.

I'm a big proponent for combining seasonal effects on top of topography and vegetation conditions; which I'm sure will result in hellish conditions for the English trying to mess about in the Wicklow mountains :)

Absolutely we have nothing on the scale of the alps. That being said neither does England/Wales. I think it all has to be seen within the context of allowing gameplay to follow the historical trends. The Pennines were a barrier, as was Snowdonia, Wicklow and Kerry. Therefore they should all have similar treatment (i.e. definitely not just labelled as bog). That being said, anyone who has tried to bring a group hiking through a bog will be able to attest that it can be damned near impassible in winter. I wonder if density of impassible terrain is the best way to think about it when it comes to severity of mountain range....
 
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This is probably the last post I'll make uploading a map. Adjusted to make it easier for other people to change things. (Red dots for province boundaries).

View attachment 1149958

From Batcats, I agree with splitting Strathnaver into Tongue and Durness, Garmoran from Ardtornish, Bothwell from Lanark, Linlithgow from Edinburgh, and Strathbogie from Aberdeen. Also split Roxburgh into Hawick and Jedburgh, and squeezed in Montrose since a lot of history happened there. I also adjusted Dumbarton to take the western end of Stirling.

I don't agree with splitting off Renfrew (I think it's too small to click, it's why I bunged it in with Glasgow to start with), splitting Thurso in two (Caithness wasn't that populated), Lennox from Stirling or Dumbarton (too small), or Tain from Cromarty (same deal).

Also renamed Strathearn to Comrie as someone suggested.

Lastly added some impassable terrain:
A: The Galloway Hills. Blocks travel between Ayr and Kirkcudbright. There aren't really roads through here even today.
B: The Crianlarich Hills. Breadalbane was isolated in this period. A military road was built between Breadalbane and Menteith during the Jacobite wars, but that's late enough that I don't think it's worth considering.
E: The Mounth. Blocks travel between Forfar and Mar. I believe armies only traveled between Aberdeen and Perth via Gowrie or by the coast.
H: The Fannichs. For the central part of the Western Highlands, makes it a little harder to move armies through these mountains.

EDIT: If you want the provinces to have ~3 locations each, in the above map you could split them up like so:
Galloway (2): Wigtown and Kirkcudbright
Dumfriesshire (2): Dumfries and Annan
Teviotdale (4): Peebles, Selkirk, Hawick, and Jedburgh
Ayrshire (3): Irvine, Ayr and Maybole
Strathclyde (4): Dumbarton, Glasgow, Bothwell and Lanark
Lothian (5): Stirling, Linlithgow, Edinburgh, Dunbar and Duns
Fife (3): Clackmannan, Dunfermline and St Andrews
Argyll (3): Lorne, Inverary and Cowal
Lochaber (3): Garmoran, Ardtornish and Lochaber
Atholl (2): Aberfeldy and Breadalbane
Perthshire (4): Menteith, Comrie, Perth and Gowrie
Angus (3): Forfar, Dundee and Arbroath
Mearns (2): Montrose and Kincardine
Aberdeenshire (5): Mar, Strathbogie, Aberdeen, Buchan and Banff
Moray (2): Nairn and Elgin
Inverness-shire (3): Aird, Inverness and Badenoch
Wester Ross (3): Applecross, Gairloch and Assynt
Easter Ross (2): Dingwall and Cromarty
Sutherland (4): Durness, Tongue, Thurso and Dornoch
This looks really good to me.

If the provinces are going to be this granular, I do think there is a case for retaining a Wick location as part of a separate Caithness province, even if it is sparsely populated. At the start date we’re only 71 years from Norway ceding Caithness and the Isles at the Treaty of Perth, and populace is still largely Norn/Norwegian. I think the province could be of interest to a resurgent independent Isles or expansionist Norway. If the Jarldom of Orkney exists as a vassal of Norway (as suggested earlier in the thread) it could potentially have a claim, although this obviously doesn't fully portray the dual fealty of the Earls of Caithness and Orkney to both Scotland and Norway. It could also present a challenge for a unified Scotland to control/integrate.
 
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Potential correction:

for the topographic map layout, I think Wicklow County, and maybe two or three other counties of Ireland should be labeled as mountains due to them not being hills per se as there are mountains in Irelands, but it would make more sense for the notable counties to be listed as being mountains such as Wicklow County.

Also, Wales could have another mountain tile as well.
 
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I logged in here for the first time in nearly five years just to add some comments;

I really like how Paradox and the team are representing Ireland here. One of the big things in history about Ireland, is that if Ireland had followed the same trajectory of countries like Belgium or the Netherlands; that Ireland would be home to maybe 20 million people today and not the 6 million we have today.

I think the large number of provinces in Ireland is a very good way for the developers to represent exactly what Ireland represented to the English King in the 14th century. Henry the IInd, didn't invade Ireland because he wanted to. He invaded Ireland because his vassals conquered large portions of the island and it represented a serious threat to his power. The English Kings always saw Ireland as a threat in that way as it would (and could) have proved to be the ideal place for a rival Norman ruled Kingdom to England. I feel that the sheer number of provinces in this Tinto map, is a good way of showing the potential of unifying the island for any Anglo-Norman lord.

I haven't seen anything about the tribal mechanics, but I like how they will be in the game. Another theme of Irish history, is how Gaelic Ireland was always very successful at incorporating foreign invaders into the political landscape. The Vikings of the 10th century, were seamlessly incorporated into Irish political life through intermarriage and alliances. Likewise, the Norman invaders soon Gaelicised quite quickly and also ended up heavily invested in Irish life such as cattle raiding.

As for suggestions for the Dev team, it would be great if the Anglo-Irish of the period could be distinguished from later English settlers. This was a major theme in Irish history where the 'Old English', Gaelicised Irish Norman Lords were somewhat hesitant about later English plans to plant and colonise Ireland. This came to a head during the reformation, where the Old English in Ireland remained faithful to the Catholic faith whilst new settlers were Protestants.

As regards the tribal mechanics, it would be great if some 'invaders' could get involved in the system (Norse, Scots, Old English). The High King of Ireland was held by a Scottish Bruce just a few years before the start date of the proposed game. Perhaps a ruler of a country can seek to be elected (or take by force) High Kingship if they are lower than a Kingdom rank? It would kind of open up Ireland to expansion from either Anglo Irish Lords, Norse Islanders etc.

This might make Ireland a natural place for a Scottish player to expand and counter England before the usual invasion of England and essentially becoming England as a Scottish player. Historically, Scotland did invade Ireland to try break up English rule there. Anglo-Irish lords would have certainly used their incorporation into Irish political life to their advantage if they wished to declare themselves King of Ireland. Likewise, any Irish conqueror would have certainly synchronised the Norman systems introduced to Ireland a century earlier.

Lastly, England should be forced to go down the historical route of how they incorporated Ireland in that they established the Lordship of Ireland rather than created the Kingdom. Thank you for this dev diary and I'm looking forward to see how this game develops.
 
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Potential correction:

for the topographic map layout, I think Wicklow County, and many two or three other counties of Ireland should be labeled as mountains due to them not being hills per se as there are mountains in Irelands, but it would make more sense for the notable counties to be listed as being mountains such as Wicklow County.

Also, Wales could have another mountain tile as well.
Even today, it is rather annoying to travel from East side of (Coast) Wicklow to the West (Blessington) side.
 
If highland peat is something that you want represented as marshes, then scotland should also get its fair share:
Scottish peatlands map (one of many variants)

View attachment 1150013View attachment 1150012View attachment 1150014
Absolutely; this is what the coastal area designated 'mountains' actually looks like:
CIMG1605.JPG

P1010794.JPG
If you check out a detailed map you will also see plentiful lochs and such. It's broadly plains of rocky bogs with the occasional hill standing high and proud in the middle of it.
 
I am curious as to how the succession will work with Wales being a vassal To England and the nations heir. Do you lose your ruler when England's dies?
I had thought that myself, the same would be the case with the County Palatine of Chester, as they'd both be owned by the heir to the English throne. I'm assuming a new mechanic could be introduced wherein X is the current King of England and Y is the heir, at all times the Prince of Wales (if its not independent) will be Y, then when X dies and Y becomes X, whichever new heir (if there currently is one) will become the new Y, otherwise it should show as "No Heir" where any ruler of the Principality should be.
 
I had thought that myself, the same would be the case with the County Palatine of Chester, as they'd both be owned by the heir to the English throne. I'm assuming a new mechanic could be introduced wherein X is the current King of England and Y is the heir, at all times the Prince of Wales (if its not independent) will be Y, then when X dies and Y becomes X, whichever new heir (if there currently is one) will become the new Y, otherwise it should show as "No Heir" where any ruler of the Principality should be.
I’m pretty sure in that event it would revert to being ruled by the King of England as a personal union. Maybe there’ll be a decision available to England for them to invest in their heir the title Prince of Wales.
 
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