Very interesting developments in Europe, I wonder how the new Danish government will interact with its European neighbours.
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Revolutionary Denmark! I had forgotten about the revolutions mechanic but if I had remembered it I surely would not have expected Denmark to be the target. I wonder if they'll have enough strength to spread their ideals. That was an alright-looking Genoa there even accounting for the provinces that they lost.
I hate to be the bearer of bad news but Revolutionary Denmark may not be as exciting as people imagine. The Danish monarchy was toppled by revolutionaries and replaced by a Republic, but I'm not sure it's actually on THE revolutionary event chain. It's a republican dictatorship not a revolutionary republic and it didn't break any of its alliances. I just gave it the French Revolution flavor in the writeup because it's the only major monarchy that is going to topple in this time line.
I was worried when you mentioned Lord Protector rather than Consul, but still, that's effectively a Cromwell-esque revolution, and you can definitely flavor it as a Napoleon-style power grab.
BRITISH ISLES, 1778-1809
The Republic of Leinster had always regarded itself as the natural ruler of all Ireland, but England had opposed this ambition at every turn. But in 1778, Lord Protector Cathoir O Caoindealbhain thought he saw an opportunity to make a move on the independent Republic of Connacht while the English were involved in a war with faraway Peru. The Revolutionary Republic of Mexico had taken it on itself to guarantee the independence of the minor Irish states, and declared war, but Leinster had little fear of the small New World nation.
But though Leinster had more troops on the island than Connacht and was able to lay siege to the fortress of Cavan, its mighty walls enabled the city to hold out for years. Leinster’s fleet—which had never recovered from the Great Western War—was defeated by Connacht at the Battle of Donegal Bay, and Connacht’s spies had infiltrated Brittany, sparking an uprising.
Furthermore, the diplomatic situation had changed. In extricating himself from the Great Western War in 1769, Cathaoir had turned his back on three centuries of friendship between Leinster and Bohemia. Rising tension between the two nations over Leinster’s longstanding claims to parts of Bohemian Mexico led to King Ladislav VI declaring war upon Leinster in 1781, in which he was joined by his new ally, King Charles VII of Berry. Faced with these dangerous opponents, Cathaoir quickly agreed to peace without terms with Connacht and Mexico. Rather than endure a long war that was unwinnable without sea power, he agreed to terms with his other enemies within two years. Bohemia won the province of Nicaragua, and Cathaoir agreed to drop his claims on Vannes and Demerara, as well as monetary payments for peace with Berry.
A key development in northern Europe in the late 18th century was the rising influence of Norway. After the death of Jiri de Sens of Bohemia in 1773, it was clear to the states of the Holy Roman Empire that neither the waning strength of Bohemia nor faraway Sibir had the power to protect them. Instead, the electors turned to King Inge III of Norway. Norway’s influence in the region further strengthened in 1786, when his uncle, King James IV of Scotland, died without an heir of the Leslie dynasty. After Inge’s death in 1791, his son Olav IX was elected Emperor, and dissolved the Kingdom of Scotland.
The Lord Protector of Leinster, Niall Mac Tighearnain turned to Norway as his ally following the collapse of the traditional alliance with Bohemia. This tied Leinster into a strong alliance, for Norway had not only its traditional friendship with Sibir but a new alliance with Etruria, whose Lord Protector, Filippo Lessi, hoped to contain the power of Frankfurt. This alliance proved critical in 1790 when Charles VII of France declared war on Leinster, and was joined by his powerful allies in Denmark and Frankfurt. The resulting clash of great powers seemed poised to rival the Great Western War for destructiveness but proved far more limited. Though the Imperial Alliance was able to defeat the fleets of Denmark and France, it lacked a strong enough army to threaten Frankfurt on the mainland. Soon after France took advantage of this to annex Leinster’s ally, Flanders, Norway and its allies decided to make peace in 1796.
The ever-unruly Scots saw the war as a chance to make themselves free once again, and the provinces of central Scotland declared themselves independent. However, they were crushed by the English and the only result of the brief Scottish Revolution of 1796 was the transfer of the province of Lothian from Norwegian rule to English rule when the fledgling Kingdom was crushed in 1798.
Much like his predecessor, Niall Mac Tighearnain was determined to take control of Connacht and declared war upon in it in 1802. Connacht’s had many allies in the New World, but all the USA, Canada, Mexico, and Mexico’s ally Peru could do was harry Leinster’s colonies. Leinster fought a seesaw battle in the Great Lakes region against the Americans and in the Pacific against Peru, but the great fortress of Kavan fell into Niall’s hands in 1806. The war itself was a great success—Connacht had at last been annexed and Leinster was also able to take the provinces of Pocumtuk and Abnaki from Canada. Only the tiny Kingdom of Tyrone stood between Niall and rulership of all Ireland, but it proved a Pyrrhic victory.
Niall saw the catastrophe coming even before he concluded his successful war. Though the Machiavellian Filippo Lessi was an ally of Leinster’s friends in Norway, it was also an ally of its bitter enemies in Berry and England. In the winter of 1805, the Etrurians decided to make war on Leinster. When the regents who ruled Norway following Olav’s death chose to remain neutral, Leinster’s fate was sealed. Sibir could not hope to bring it much aid against the combined powers of Etruria, England and Berry. The war lasted only three years but was a devastating defeat for Leinster that drastically changed the balance of power in Northwestern Europe.
Each of the victors gained land in the war. Berry took half of Leinster’s Breton possessions, and England regained control of the southern Irish province of Ossory.and a large sum of money. But it was the Etrurians who continued hostilities the longest and, in the end, gained the most. In 1809, Niall was forced to surrender not only its new lands in the west of Ireland but its ancient holdings in the southwest, and the strategic islands of the Azores.
With its holdings in Europe thus reduced to Tyrconnell and Leon, Niall feared there was no hope of defending them. Shortly after the treaty was signed he fled the ancient palace where the Doges of Leinster had ruled for more than four centuries for the New World. The Republic would establish a new capitol in the mountain fortress of Guatemala, far from its powerful enemies in Europe.
Northwestern Europe in 1811:
The Republic of Leinster had always regarded itself as the natural ruler of all Ireland, but England had opposed this ambition at every turn. But in 1778, Lord Protector Cathoir O Caoindealbhain thought he saw an opportunity to make a move on the independent Republic of Connacht while the English were involved in a war with faraway Peru. The Revolutionary Republic of Mexico had taken it on itself to guarantee the independence of the minor Irish states, and declared war, but Leinster had little fear of the small New World nation.
But though Leinster had more troops on the island than Connacht and was able to lay siege to the fortress of Cavan, its mighty walls enabled the city to hold out for years. Leinster’s fleet—which had never recovered from the Great Western War—was defeated by Connacht at the Battle of Donegal Bay, and Connacht’s spies had infiltrated Brittany, sparking an uprising.
Furthermore, the diplomatic situation had changed. In extricating himself from the Great Western War in 1769, Cathaoir had turned his back on three centuries of friendship between Leinster and Bohemia. Rising tension between the two nations over Leinster’s longstanding claims to parts of Bohemian Mexico led to King Ladislav VI declaring war upon Leinster in 1781, in which he was joined by his new ally, King Charles VII of Berry. Faced with these dangerous opponents, Cathaoir quickly agreed to peace without terms with Connacht and Mexico. Rather than endure a long war that was unwinnable without sea power, he agreed to terms with his other enemies within two years. Bohemia won the province of Nicaragua, and Cathaoir agreed to drop his claims on Vannes and Demerara, as well as monetary payments for peace with Berry.
A key development in northern Europe in the late 18th century was the rising influence of Norway. After the death of Jiri de Sens of Bohemia in 1773, it was clear to the states of the Holy Roman Empire that neither the waning strength of Bohemia nor faraway Sibir had the power to protect them. Instead, the electors turned to King Inge III of Norway. Norway’s influence in the region further strengthened in 1786, when his uncle, King James IV of Scotland, died without an heir of the Leslie dynasty. After Inge’s death in 1791, his son Olav IX was elected Emperor, and dissolved the Kingdom of Scotland.
The Lord Protector of Leinster, Niall Mac Tighearnain turned to Norway as his ally following the collapse of the traditional alliance with Bohemia. This tied Leinster into a strong alliance, for Norway had not only its traditional friendship with Sibir but a new alliance with Etruria, whose Lord Protector, Filippo Lessi, hoped to contain the power of Frankfurt. This alliance proved critical in 1790 when Charles VII of France declared war on Leinster, and was joined by his powerful allies in Denmark and Frankfurt. The resulting clash of great powers seemed poised to rival the Great Western War for destructiveness but proved far more limited. Though the Imperial Alliance was able to defeat the fleets of Denmark and France, it lacked a strong enough army to threaten Frankfurt on the mainland. Soon after France took advantage of this to annex Leinster’s ally, Flanders, Norway and its allies decided to make peace in 1796.
The ever-unruly Scots saw the war as a chance to make themselves free once again, and the provinces of central Scotland declared themselves independent. However, they were crushed by the English and the only result of the brief Scottish Revolution of 1796 was the transfer of the province of Lothian from Norwegian rule to English rule when the fledgling Kingdom was crushed in 1798.
Much like his predecessor, Niall Mac Tighearnain was determined to take control of Connacht and declared war upon in it in 1802. Connacht’s had many allies in the New World, but all the USA, Canada, Mexico, and Mexico’s ally Peru could do was harry Leinster’s colonies. Leinster fought a seesaw battle in the Great Lakes region against the Americans and in the Pacific against Peru, but the great fortress of Kavan fell into Niall’s hands in 1806. The war itself was a great success—Connacht had at last been annexed and Leinster was also able to take the provinces of Pocumtuk and Abnaki from Canada. Only the tiny Kingdom of Tyrone stood between Niall and rulership of all Ireland, but it proved a Pyrrhic victory.
Niall saw the catastrophe coming even before he concluded his successful war. Though the Machiavellian Filippo Lessi was an ally of Leinster’s friends in Norway, it was also an ally of its bitter enemies in Berry and England. In the winter of 1805, the Etrurians decided to make war on Leinster. When the regents who ruled Norway following Olav’s death chose to remain neutral, Leinster’s fate was sealed. Sibir could not hope to bring it much aid against the combined powers of Etruria, England and Berry. The war lasted only three years but was a devastating defeat for Leinster that drastically changed the balance of power in Northwestern Europe.
Each of the victors gained land in the war. Berry took half of Leinster’s Breton possessions, and England regained control of the southern Irish province of Ossory.and a large sum of money. But it was the Etrurians who continued hostilities the longest and, in the end, gained the most. In 1809, Niall was forced to surrender not only its new lands in the west of Ireland but its ancient holdings in the southwest, and the strategic islands of the Azores.
With its holdings in Europe thus reduced to Tyrconnell and Leon, Niall feared there was no hope of defending them. Shortly after the treaty was signed he fled the ancient palace where the Doges of Leinster had ruled for more than four centuries for the New World. The Republic would establish a new capitol in the mountain fortress of Guatemala, far from its powerful enemies in Europe.
Northwestern Europe in 1811:
The Irish republic will rise yet again! From the defeat they shall learn and from the mountains of the 'New World' they shall return!
a) Nooooo!
b) Well, there's our first relocation to the New World.
c) Cavan is not in Connacht, it is in Leinster (but the Meath province in the game). The capital of Connacht is Galway.
b) Well, there's our first relocation to the New World.
c) Cavan is not in Connacht, it is in Leinster (but the Meath province in the game). The capital of Connacht is Galway.
Am eagerly awaiting the next Central Europe update. From that screen, it looks like Frankfurt is busy.
Northwestern Europe in 1811:
Etruria, what are you doing? That's not Italy!
aradoxAI:
Frankfurt looks to be still doing well but I guess we're now too late to get an EU3-era Germany. I guess the same can be said for England forming Great Britain?
Very interesting to see that England are slowly but surely taking control of the British Isles. All we need is either France or Berry to prevail and there will be some very interesting rivals in Western Europe!
Berry is likely to be the much more powerful French state in Vic2, though I bet French Pan-Nationalists will cause a reunification of France at some point.
CENTRAL EUROPE, 1799-1816
After suffering through the destructive Great Western War, Central Europe enjoyed a relatively peaceful close to the 18th century. There were some conflicts, of course. The rebellions in the former Kingdom of Burgundy that had begun with the Badenese revolution in the late 1750’s continued throughout the latter half of the century. Ruled by distant Sibir since the end of the von Lenzburg dynasty in the 16th century, it was not surprising that discontent had grown. By 1799, two new states—Tirol and Saxe-Lauenberg—had been proclaimed, and most of Sibirian Burgundy had been lost. The nation of Saxe-Lauenberg lasted less than a year before being annexed by Tirol.
But Frankfurt’s imperial ambitions, which had driven conflict in the region for centuries were quiet under Eugen IV and Maximilian III. Though they aided their Danish and French allies in their wars, they started none of their own, focusing instead on advances in economics and engineering. The only territorial gain they made was the absorption of the formerly autonomous Ansbach in 1779.
Central Europe in 1800:
But after fifteen years of trying to persuade the other European powers to accept his designs on Alsace, Maximilian IV had run out of patience. Although no less than seven nations had guaranteed Alsatian independence, he declared war in 1809. But though those seven nations—Peru, Nizhny Novgorod, Baden, Bohemia, Bremen, Tirol and Gelre—all declared war upon him, as did the Holy Roman Emperor, Magnus IX of Norway, Maximilian judged they would not be enough to thwart him. If his years of delicate diplomacy did nothing else, he had succeeded in keeping Berry and Etruria—allies that Bohemia and Norway might have respectively called upon—out of the war.
Despite the years of turmoil they had suffered, his Danish allies were still more than enough to prevent Norway from presenting a serious threat on the continent. Bohemia and the gaggle of little German states that opposed him directly were far too weak to present a true challenge. It took only two years of fighting until Bohemia was forced to finally cede Domazlice, the last province of its original realm, while Maximilian demanded the province of Aargau from Baden. But several of the petty German states continued to struggle against him for several years more, hoping that the great powers would realize that they must stop Frankfurt’s expansion. This hope proved vain as Frankfurt occupied all the lands of Bremen, Gelre, Alsace, Hamburg, and Tirol by 1816. With no one left capable of resisting his demands, Maximilian annexed both Alsace and Hamburg. Gelre he broke in two, reviving the ancient Duchy of Brunswick, and demanded more than 1000 ducats in tribute. The outcome of this war proved that Norway—like Bohemia and Sibir before it—was incapable of preserving the Holy Roman Empire against Frankfurt’s aggression.
Central Europe in 1817:
After suffering through the destructive Great Western War, Central Europe enjoyed a relatively peaceful close to the 18th century. There were some conflicts, of course. The rebellions in the former Kingdom of Burgundy that had begun with the Badenese revolution in the late 1750’s continued throughout the latter half of the century. Ruled by distant Sibir since the end of the von Lenzburg dynasty in the 16th century, it was not surprising that discontent had grown. By 1799, two new states—Tirol and Saxe-Lauenberg—had been proclaimed, and most of Sibirian Burgundy had been lost. The nation of Saxe-Lauenberg lasted less than a year before being annexed by Tirol.
But Frankfurt’s imperial ambitions, which had driven conflict in the region for centuries were quiet under Eugen IV and Maximilian III. Though they aided their Danish and French allies in their wars, they started none of their own, focusing instead on advances in economics and engineering. The only territorial gain they made was the absorption of the formerly autonomous Ansbach in 1779.
Central Europe in 1800:
But after fifteen years of trying to persuade the other European powers to accept his designs on Alsace, Maximilian IV had run out of patience. Although no less than seven nations had guaranteed Alsatian independence, he declared war in 1809. But though those seven nations—Peru, Nizhny Novgorod, Baden, Bohemia, Bremen, Tirol and Gelre—all declared war upon him, as did the Holy Roman Emperor, Magnus IX of Norway, Maximilian judged they would not be enough to thwart him. If his years of delicate diplomacy did nothing else, he had succeeded in keeping Berry and Etruria—allies that Bohemia and Norway might have respectively called upon—out of the war.
Despite the years of turmoil they had suffered, his Danish allies were still more than enough to prevent Norway from presenting a serious threat on the continent. Bohemia and the gaggle of little German states that opposed him directly were far too weak to present a true challenge. It took only two years of fighting until Bohemia was forced to finally cede Domazlice, the last province of its original realm, while Maximilian demanded the province of Aargau from Baden. But several of the petty German states continued to struggle against him for several years more, hoping that the great powers would realize that they must stop Frankfurt’s expansion. This hope proved vain as Frankfurt occupied all the lands of Bremen, Gelre, Alsace, Hamburg, and Tirol by 1816. With no one left capable of resisting his demands, Maximilian annexed both Alsace and Hamburg. Gelre he broke in two, reviving the ancient Duchy of Brunswick, and demanded more than 1000 ducats in tribute. The outcome of this war proved that Norway—like Bohemia and Sibir before it—was incapable of preserving the Holy Roman Empire against Frankfurt’s aggression.
Central Europe in 1817:
