It is with great pleasure that we present this treaty, again, to the Ottoman Empire. We look forward to splendid results from the forthcoming excavations.
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It is with great pleasure that we present this treaty, again, to the Ottoman Empire. We look forward to splendid results from the forthcoming excavations.
The Andean Confederation
Message on the State of the Confederation
Message on the State of the Confederation
People of the Andes. Today we face the greatest threat we have seen since the wars of independence. Do not be under any illusion. From all quarters and angles, trials and tribulations lay ahead for the Andean people. Should our Confederation fall we shall be destined to the same fate as Bolivia and Argentina, harkening back to the abominable days of Madrid rule. Economic challenges lay ahead too. The troubles born from greed has spread to our land.
Now let me pose you these questions. Are we, the sons and daughters of Bolivar become so craven as to allow division to triumph over us? Are we the offspring of the defenders of Cartagena and the descendants of the men of the battle of the Carabobo given to turning back in the day of battle? Are we to surrender our Confederation to its death? Shall we submit to the instability which is rocking the core of our continent? Will we be once more placed under the boot of tyranny and strangled by the chains of oppression?
There is a storm coming. Now, more than ever before, unity is not only needed, but required. Only if we stand together, as one people, as one nation, under one flag, will we weather this storm and survive.
Rouse you, men and women of the Andes. Let us fight for a strong, prosperous and enduring confederation. Let us sweep aside all evil, stand united in the face of hardship and refuse the shackles prepared for us by tyrants.
I will close by reading to you a verse from 1st Corinthians. "I appeal to you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that all of you agree with one another so that there may be no divisions among you and that you may be perfectly united in mind and thought"
God Save the Andes!
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The Sokoto Sultanate grows even greater. Our victory over the Bornu Empire has made us into the greatest native African power ever maybe and our strength will only grow with a new agreement made with the government of the United States of America.
Treaty of Illorin
1. The United States will provide a sizable shipment of modern weapons to aid in the equipment and modernization of the Sokot Armies and engineers to aid in the maintenance and usage of such weapons.
2. The United States will provide railway engineers to assist the Sokot Government to build a railway paid for by the Sokot Government.
3. The Sokot Government will undertake some action to try to eliminate slavery gradually over the next few decades.
4. The American Government is given the right to explore for minerals and mine them at a 20% tax rate paid to the Sokot Government.
[X] Sultan Ahmadu Rufai Sultan of Sokoto
[x]Horatio Seymour, 18th President of the United States of America
Evolution of Russia’s governing institutions in the early post-Romanov period
Immediately following the coup that removed the Romanov family from power in Russia the country continued to rely on the same institutions that had been used by the Romanovs to govern. The Governing Senate assumed the responsibility of approving new laws while the Committee of Ministers continued to act as the country’s government and the State Council continued to carry out its advisory role. There were only minor changes to these institutions during the first few years following the coup due to the focus of the government on countering the economic crisis that had perpetuated the fall of the Romanov dynasty.
One of the early changes was the reduction of the size of the Governing Senate. An entirely ceremonial body prior to the coup it had served as an honorary retirement post for government officials. As the importance of the institution grew its membership changed to reflect the political composition of the new government. Konstantin Palen adeptly orchestrated the retirement of numerous older members of the Senate and helped transform the body into the most influential institution in the country.
The second early change came with the retirement of Pavel Gagarin from his position as Chairman of the Committee of Ministers. Gagarin had been both the Chairman and a Senator and it was expected that his successor would be as well. However, under pressure from Konstantin Palen, Pavel Ignatiev who succeeded Gagarin was not made a Senator at the same time. Together with Palen’s careful management of the Senate membership this helped to define the Senate as a body that was separate from the Committee of Ministers (although some overlap remained).
The “post-Romanov” period is typically understood to begin with the passage of the Administrative Reforms during the early 1870s. The establishment of the Zemstvo system of local representative government marks the first point in Russia’s history as a state when any part of the government became responsible to the people. In general the Zemstvo system was responsible mostly for local education and road maintenance and were still subordinate to centrally-appointed governors (or governor-generals). However, in some circles the idea that local representation should continue to the national level was popular.
Immediately following the establishment of the Republic membership in the Senate and State Council was decided largely by consensus. However, growing differences between leading members made this practice impossible and between 1871 and 1873 no new appointments were made to either the State Council or the Senate. During the same time a significant number of members of both bodies retired (usually by way of passing away) and the problem of appointing new members had to be confronted somehow.
By this point the membership in the Senate had shrunk to 24 individuals. The passing away of Pavel Gagarin reduced the number to 23 and many felt that the concentration of power in the hands of so few could be dangerous. Some, including Konstantin Palen, felt that it should be up to the Senate itself to select new members while those outside the body typically preferred a solution whereby the State Council would appoint new members. But then the question remained as to how new members of the State Council would be selected - previously they were chosen by the Emperor. Finally a compromise was reached.
The composition of the State Council would be changed. Half of the members would be appointed by the Senate while half would be chosen from the Zemstvos, Assemblies of the Nobility, the Church, the City Dumas, and the Academy of Sciences. The Senators would then be chosen by this body and appointed by the Senate’s Procurator-General. The result was obviously a compromise, but it paved the road for many later changes to the Russian government.
The elections of 1873 took place in the Zemstvo Assemblies, City Dumas, and elsewhere and determined the 100 elected members of the State Council (including two from the Republic of Poland). The appointed members were mostly those who had previously served in the body. Together with the Senators (who remained also members of the State Council) and the Ministers the new body was made up of 238 members.
There were multiple contenders for the position of Chairman, key among them Alexei Levshin and Peter Shuvalov. Levshin was one of the architects of the emancipation reform and seen as a supporter of continued reforms. Shuvalov by contrast was a general who helped end the unrest after the fall of the Romanov dynasty and was hostile to further reforms. After numerous rounds of voting neither of the front-runners secured the majority of the votes. Both withdrew in favor of a compromise that saw Nikolai Muravyev-Amursky, one of the architects of the anti-Romanov coup, chosen as a temporary chairman.
Immediately following the coup that removed the Romanov family from power in Russia the country continued to rely on the same institutions that had been used by the Romanovs to govern. The Governing Senate assumed the responsibility of approving new laws while the Committee of Ministers continued to act as the country’s government and the State Council continued to carry out its advisory role. There were only minor changes to these institutions during the first few years following the coup due to the focus of the government on countering the economic crisis that had perpetuated the fall of the Romanov dynasty.
One of the early changes was the reduction of the size of the Governing Senate. An entirely ceremonial body prior to the coup it had served as an honorary retirement post for government officials. As the importance of the institution grew its membership changed to reflect the political composition of the new government. Konstantin Palen adeptly orchestrated the retirement of numerous older members of the Senate and helped transform the body into the most influential institution in the country.
The second early change came with the retirement of Pavel Gagarin from his position as Chairman of the Committee of Ministers. Gagarin had been both the Chairman and a Senator and it was expected that his successor would be as well. However, under pressure from Konstantin Palen, Pavel Ignatiev who succeeded Gagarin was not made a Senator at the same time. Together with Palen’s careful management of the Senate membership this helped to define the Senate as a body that was separate from the Committee of Ministers (although some overlap remained).
The “post-Romanov” period is typically understood to begin with the passage of the Administrative Reforms during the early 1870s. The establishment of the Zemstvo system of local representative government marks the first point in Russia’s history as a state when any part of the government became responsible to the people. In general the Zemstvo system was responsible mostly for local education and road maintenance and were still subordinate to centrally-appointed governors (or governor-generals). However, in some circles the idea that local representation should continue to the national level was popular.
Immediately following the establishment of the Republic membership in the Senate and State Council was decided largely by consensus. However, growing differences between leading members made this practice impossible and between 1871 and 1873 no new appointments were made to either the State Council or the Senate. During the same time a significant number of members of both bodies retired (usually by way of passing away) and the problem of appointing new members had to be confronted somehow.
By this point the membership in the Senate had shrunk to 24 individuals. The passing away of Pavel Gagarin reduced the number to 23 and many felt that the concentration of power in the hands of so few could be dangerous. Some, including Konstantin Palen, felt that it should be up to the Senate itself to select new members while those outside the body typically preferred a solution whereby the State Council would appoint new members. But then the question remained as to how new members of the State Council would be selected - previously they were chosen by the Emperor. Finally a compromise was reached.
The composition of the State Council would be changed. Half of the members would be appointed by the Senate while half would be chosen from the Zemstvos, Assemblies of the Nobility, the Church, the City Dumas, and the Academy of Sciences. The Senators would then be chosen by this body and appointed by the Senate’s Procurator-General. The result was obviously a compromise, but it paved the road for many later changes to the Russian government.
The elections of 1873 took place in the Zemstvo Assemblies, City Dumas, and elsewhere and determined the 100 elected members of the State Council (including two from the Republic of Poland). The appointed members were mostly those who had previously served in the body. Together with the Senators (who remained also members of the State Council) and the Ministers the new body was made up of 238 members.
There were multiple contenders for the position of Chairman, key among them Alexei Levshin and Peter Shuvalov. Levshin was one of the architects of the emancipation reform and seen as a supporter of continued reforms. Shuvalov by contrast was a general who helped end the unrest after the fall of the Romanov dynasty and was hostile to further reforms. After numerous rounds of voting neither of the front-runners secured the majority of the votes. Both withdrew in favor of a compromise that saw Nikolai Muravyev-Amursky, one of the architects of the anti-Romanov coup, chosen as a temporary chairman.
[X] signed, His Imperial and Sacred Majesty, Abdulaziz I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Mexicans,
I believe this is the first I address myself to the nation like this. Ever since the Reform War came to an end, it has become a habit for Mexican Presidents to do it, but the never-ending troubles in the North, the resistances put up by hostile elements to my progressive reforms, and many other issues have made me unable to do it until now. This doesn’t mean I don’t care about the people of this magnificent country. Instead, it means I care about them so much that I don’t have the time to address myself to them, as I’m too busy addressing their problems.
Until now, I haven’t been the most peaceful President Mexico has known. I’ve deeply reformed the mobilization system and the army, but this is all for the greater good of every single Mexican. The military of our nation was frail, and many thought we were a prey they could make use of. The recent military changes have shown that we certainly aren’t to be taken lightly, and that enemies of Mexico will have to pay a hefty price if they seek to subdue us. When we lost against the United States, many believed that it was the end of our country. Myself, I tried to create a Republic of the Rio Grande, believing that saving the nation as a whole was impossible. I was clearly wrong, as we can all be proud of our nation as it is now. Never again shall such hard times be brought upon us, and to avoid this we need a strong military force.
Railway creation has come to a halt after the disaster in Veracruz. This disaster caused much suffering in the country, as what was our main port is still slowly recuperating from this natural disaster. Some say it’s a divine punishment, but what is there to punish? The Pope himself approved of our Republic and churches are as full as ever. There is no deeper meaning in this catastrophe. We were unlucky, that is all. Those who argue the contrary are fools, or are using a national calamity to pursue their own partisan agenda. However, I firmly believe that railways are a good thing for Mexico, and that they’ll help us recover and make our nation as great as it should be. This is why, in collaboration with other governments, new lines will be created in Mexico, to bolster our trade and improve the quality of life of our citizens.
As I said, I probably won’t be remembered as a peaceful President. I tried to declare war on banditry, and nearly plunged our country in a dreadful conflict. However, I hope to be remembered as the one who allowed every citizen to vote. It was no easy task, as my opponents put unconstitutional obstacles in the way to ensure this right wouldn’t be given to the people. I had to use my Presidential powers to overrule the unfair regulations created by the enemies of the Mexican folk, acting like a Santa Anna. Yet, I’m no Santa as this was all for the people and not for a little clique of friends.
In a few months, you will be allowed to vote for the Presidential election, and this first Presidential announcement will also be my last. The universal suffrage will change a lot for both parties and for the people as everyone will now be able to make his voice heard. I have many regrets regarding my Presidency, but I won’t shy away in front of what I’ve done. Yes, I repeatedly failed my attempts at making this country as literate as it should be, per the Constitution. Yes, my attempts at bringing banditry to acceptable levels, after ten years of War on Crime, have destroyed the peaceful relations we enjoyed with the Confederacy. Yes, I tried to make every Mexican a citizen-soldier instead of improving his everyday life. But on the other hand, I made Mexico able to defend itself, and I gave every citizen both an enormous right and an enormous duty. Every citizen will be able to make his voice heard and at the same time will have the sacred duty to protect his rights, weapon in hand if needed, and will be eligible for conscription to defend our beloved Republic.
At the end of the day, these are mixed results I have to answer for. Don’t get too mad at me for it, as it is common in a democracy. I wasn’t able to do everything I wanted to do, neither was what I achieved done the way I’d have wanted it to be. But, now I’m in front of you and you’ll be able to judge me and my party on these results and this is a right every population on Earth should have.
Now, on to international affairs. Mexico isn’t directly responsible for the Tucson affair, this is certain. Mexico has shown time and time again its commitment to end banditry, and has collaborated with the Confederacy to fight banditry on multiple occasions. Yet the ones who torched Tucson were Mexican citizens, and a country has to be able to answer for the actions of his citizens on foreign soil. These bandits are the main cause behind this incident, as our Rurales wrongly mistook them for Confederate soldiers. I need to congratulate our armed forces for their swift response, even if they did the wrong thing and escalated the situation, as they did their best to protect our nation with what little information they had. Still, when Mexican people burn down and plunder a city, and when the Mexican army wrongly occupies a foreign city, it is time for apologies. I hereby send my sincerest apologies to the Confederacy and its people for the troubles of last year, and hope that the money we sent them will be put to good use.
Now that this is behind us, cross-border banditry will be fought much more efficiently than before thanks to the newly-created Mexican-Confederate Border Control Authority, and I wish that it such troubles will never arise again, as good relations between the Confederacy and Mexico will benefit our nations. On top of that, the Tucson-Mexico City line, coupled to the Tucson-Richmond line, will be a factor that will promote trade, peace, prosperity and modernity, and we must rejoice at the creation of this bi-national project, proof that the Tucson affair is behind us.
I have yet another treaty to show you, people of Mexico. This time, it’s a treaty with the Union and no longer with the Confederacy. Horatio Seymour and the government of the United States have proposed us a treaty that will greatly benefit both our nations. As you all know, they have plans in Nicaragua, and Mexico happens to be between the Union and Nicaragua. They want us to allow them to transport goods and people on our soil. They also want American companies to be allowed to establish themselves in Mexico. I have nothing against these two demands, as these companies will be beneficial for Mexico too and will help us industrialize our nation. In exchange, we are receiving modern equipment and training for our army, something we badly needed as the army hasn’t received many funds in the recent years. A Pan-Californian railway will also be built, bringing modernity to the settlers of Baja. And we will become one of the most modern nations in the world, as electricity will be brought to our country. This is clearly a good deal for our country, and I’ll present you its exact terms right now:
Say may say that I have no honour; that I bargain with each of the enemy brothers and that I’m not true to my words. Bargaining with both the Union and the Confederacy is exactly what I'm doing, and I'm not afraid to assume this fact. The Conservatives tried to align Mexico on the Confederacy. Some people of my party would want to see me make Mexico a dependency of the liberal United States. This is a deep mistake, Mexico is an independent and free country, and it chooses its friends carefully. I refuse to throw my entire lot with any of our two northern neighbours, and instead I wish to have fruitful relations with both. Is this lacking honour, or is this a manifestation of patriotism? I meant every word of these treaties, and will do my utmost to ensure that Mexico upholds every comma of these treaties, as it is how leaders of responsible nations act. But none of these papers mean that Mexico will be subservient to any other country.
These treaties will make our army as modern as the European ones and that way, we will be assured that no one dares disrupt our tranquillity. It will also boost the economy of our unincorporated state of Baja that has seen much improvement since the end of the war. And American companies will be investing in our country. Clearly, there is nothing to fear here. Coupled to the elections, this means that the government won’t be able to pursue the policies I’d have wanted it to pursue this year, as we will be too busy applying these treaties. So, to my deepest regret, schools won’t be opened this year. This is my biggest failure, and I hereby proclaim that, once I’m out of office, I’ll use my personal wealth to create rural schools, to redeem for what I wasn’t able to do.
Por Mexico con Mexicanos.
José María Jesús Carbajal, 28th president of Mexico
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Mexican-American Treaty of Friendship, Collaboration and Trade (Treaty of San Francisco, 1873)
[x]Horatio Seymour, 18th President of the United States of America
Fellow Americans,
with this treaty we secure the southern border yet again and make way for new partnerships. Instead of descending into countless conflicts like the Europeans American statemanship stands superior. Following that good and wise example the United States of America hereby invite all independent American nations to participate on the canal project in Nicaragua as the canal is for all of America to benefit trade and prosperity. Together we will be stronger than divided. While this is a lesson the Europeans still do not have learned all of us know it by heart because to achieve our independence we had to work together and unite.
May we prosper together!
GM Note: Orders are due tomorrow please get them into me. The update will be late Thursday or early Friday. I will be gone all weekend to my other house that has no internet. No orders = you miss this years update.
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THE UNITED KINGDOM
of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom continues to see great progress in all her global affairs, and is even closer to stabilizing the great subcontinent of India as Her Majesty's forces march on, and bravely face the rebellious Princes. It is only a matter of time until they fall, like all of Her Majesty's enemies will.
On a note, the South American nation of Paraguay has recently decided to seek to foster better relations with the United Kingdom, and the negotiations that followed were a large success. Together, the British and Paraguayan delegations have drawn up the Treaty of London:
~Official Message from Her Majesty's Government
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[X] Prime Minister Bartolomé Mitre, on behalf of His Royal Majesty, Maximilian I, King of the Paraguayans
Our country continues its economic growth to a more prosperous level every year!
This year as you all may now already change our currency system to a more lean and advanced one!, this allow the government to maintain a better control on the economy and at the same time abolished the unnecessary complex system of the Bakufu times. The new YEN show to all the foreign nations that japan its advancing to an very fast rate!, adopting coinage and ia true currency as quickly as we modernize our economy. More investment in industry and the economy in general are promised, to the Japanese people!
-all is going as promised by me. your life shall be improve step by step every year until the times of suffering are just a memory of the past!
In Military affairs:
-We are glad to announce that the construction of our new fleet is going full on scheduled and new ships should be received next turn as planned, soon our navy will be able to defend our coast from most threats in the area.
-we are more excited to announce that the expansion of the army is going well and next year we will be bale to field Two hundred thousand strong army to defend our country against any invasion by the increasingly militarize Korea.
In foreign affairs:
-We congratulate Napoleon IV in his ascension to the throne of the mighty French empire and sends our condolence by the death of his father Napoleon III a great friend of japan, Me the emperor will never forget all what he did for japan. I extend the same hand in friendship as i did to his father and hope for continue good relations and cooperation between us.
--I congratulate him on his marriage to the British royal family and wish him many children and years of hap pines with his new wife.
-We are glad that the leaders of the Ottoman empire and the Italian empire resolved their difference without the need of more bloodshed and full on war as many feared in Europe (according to our ambassadors) and hope that the Romanian people and the Ottoman people can works their difference too.
signed by
Emperor Meiji
[X] His Royal Majesty, King Karl XV, of Sweden and Norway
[X] Qing Empire
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The German Empire
Though the criminal actions of a few isolated individuals in the Danubian Commonwealth threatened to plunge our two nations into chaos and strife, Germany has taken the necessary steps as a responsible Great Power to ensure the continuation of peace and prosperity in Europe. Though we continue to have differences of opinion, it is the belief of both myself and His Imperial and Royal Majesty that such differences can be dealt with at the negotiating table rather than on the battlefield, and that both Germany and Danubia will benefit over time from strong bilateral ties rather than continuing to exist in an attitude of hostility and paranoia.
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THE UNITED KINGDOM
of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom and her protectorates the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Persian Empire have managed to come to an agreement with the Russian Republic and her protectorates, the Emirate of Bukhara, the Khiva Khanate, and the Khokand Khanate.
TREATY OF KABUL
In order to create stability and prosperity in the Central Asian Region, the signatory nations agree to the following:
Article I: Resolution of Border Disputes
i. The Emirate of Afghanistan shall cede the region north of the Syr Darya River to the Khokand Khanate
ii. The Persian Empire shall cede the region south of the Amu Darya River to the Russian Republic
iii. These borders are represented by the map in Appendix I
Article II: Creation of the Barakzai Empire
i. The United Kingdom shall cede its lands in the Pakistan region to the Emirate of Afghanistan
ii. Upon the merger of these lands, the Emirate of Afghanistan shall be succeeded by the Barakzai Empire
iii. These borders are represented by the map in Appendix I
Article III: Spheres of Influence
i. The United Kingdom shall recognize the Emirate of Bukhara, the Khiva Khanate, and the Khokand Khanate as within the sphere of influence of the Russian Republic
ii. The Russian Republic shall recognize the Sublime State of Persia and the Barakzai Empire as within the sphere of influence of the United Kingdom
iii. The United Kingdom and the Russian Republic agree to enforce non-aggression between their respective spheres of influence in the Central Asian Region
Article IV: Trans-Caspian Railway
i. In order to compensate for the Persian cessation, the Russian Republic shall build a railway running from Russian Central Asia to the Persian port of Shiraz
ii. This railway shall be controlled by the Sublime State of Persia
iii. The Russian Republic shall be guaranteed shipping rights through this railway without tariffs or other obstructions of trade.
Article V: Anglo-Persian Cooperation
i. The Sublime State of Persia shall enter into diplomatic integration with the United Kingdom by formalizing its status as a protectorate of the United Kingdom, and as such shall formally adopt the diplomatic policies of the United Kingdom
ii. The Sublime State of Persia shall enter into economic integration with the United Kingdom by the British Common Market and Customs Union, and as such shall abolish all trade barriers between the two nations, and adopt the trade policy of the United Kingdom
iii. The Sublime State of Persia shall enter into military integration with the United Kingdom by formalizing its militaty alliance with the United Kingdom, and as such shall have its military entirely outfitted with British military equipment.
Article VI: Anglo-Barakzai Cooperation
i. The Barakzai Empire shall enter into diplomatic integration with the United Kingdom by formalizing its status as a protectorate of the United Kingdom, and as such shall formally adopt the diplomatic policies of the United Kingdom
ii. The Barakzai Empire shall enter into economic integration with the United Kingdom by the British Common Market and Customs Union, and as such shall abolish all trade barriers between the two nations, and adopt the trade policy of the United Kingdom
iii. The Barakzai Empire shall enter into military integration with the United Kingdom by formalizing its militaty alliance with the United Kingdom, and as such shall have its military entirely outfitted with British military equipment.
Appendix I: Map of Central Asia
NOTE:All Russian lands and protectorates are represented by green on this map.
[X] Her Majesty, Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
[X] Chancellor Gorchakov for the Russian Republic
[X] His Most Imperial, Regal, Supreme, and Virtuous Majesty, Lord of all He Surveys, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Shahanshah of the Sublime and Eternal State of Persia, Jewel of the Orient
[ ] Representative of the Barakzai Empire
[X] Representative of the Khokand Khanate
[X] Representative of the Khiva Khanate
[X] Representative of the Emirate of Bukhara
~Official Message from Her Majesty's Government
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Treaty of Kabul
[x] His Most Imperial, Regal, Supreme, and Virtuous Majesty, Lord of all He Surveys, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Shahanshah of the Sublime and Eternal State of Persia, Jewel of the Orient