Ai-related incidents has the requirement that the "artificial administration" technology or the "sapient combat simulations" technologies are researched and artificial intelligence policy is set to "servitude". In the case of "artificial administration" it also requires robtic workers to be set to allowed and the robot species to be given the "servitude" Citizenship status.
Artificial personality matrix is not needed and never was, as far as i know.
As far as i know synthetic evolution has nothing to do with the AI-uprising (why would it, your species is becoming robots, you are becoming AI, why would that cause AI rebellion?)
Currently the "Ai-related incidents" situation is severely bugged and the only way to obtain it reliably is to rush either of those two technologies while having at least 75% of your empire's pops be robots. Purging robots no longer gives you situation progress so the only way to have the situation progress is to wait while having a lot of robot pops.
In 4.0, if you chose to outlaw robots it will immediately purge all robot pops without giving you progress for them, also not generating cruelty points and thus giving you the -20 "situation resolved" modifier as your empire no longer contains robots at all.
Similar things will happen if you outlaw artificial intelligence or give the robots citizenship rights, all will end the situation swiftly.
The only way to trigger AI rebellion currently is by having a lot of robot pops and waiting a lot, as the situation slowly progresses.