At the moment, you're minting a bit. That's causing .17% yearly inflation. You can remove it by not minting i.e. setting the treasury slider to the extreme left.
The .12% gold inflation can only be dispelled by increasing revenue from trade or production. With the Incas, it will probably take some time.
I would very much like to move my slider all the way to the left, but for some reason it is ghosted out. Does that mean I've adjusted too much during the game and I have to allow some time to pass before I can adjust it again?
Also, if no money is minted, how do I increase my treasury throughout the year? I need money to send out colonists and maintain my armies.
Finally... is it only having provinces that have gold create inflation or will the province with silver or copper do the same?
Thank you everyone for your excellent responses!!