Chapter 5.14 - Fallen Heroes
At home, the country sees an upswing in Australian nationalism and a revitalized All for Australia Party begins to rise back to prominence.
The dominant victories of the Australian Labour Party in past elections had greatly damaged the legitimacy of the Country Party and led to the dissolution of the United Australia Party in 1940. However, despite this, Australasia's war propaganda, the expansion of her nation to legally include Papua New Guinea, Oceania and New Zealand and her success overseas had led to a renewed sense of nationalism in the state. While the people would hardly accept or rally behind fascists and the All For Australia League was seen by many as a perfectly acceptable and reasonable party despite their right-wing leanings. In fact, many were growing to see her as a preferable alternative to the other conservative parties, who were consistently losing to the Labour Party in popularity polls.
The Red Army continues its advance into Poland, recapturing the city of Brest-Litovsk - Königsberg and Warsaw are next.
The situation in Europe was improving, and on November 1st the Soviet Red Army had finally captured the critical city of Brest-Litovsk. Wehrmacht Generals knew their troops were exhausted and broken from the long, unsuccessful battle, and forces in Prussia and Lithuania were in danger of being overrun and captured. They drew up a plan to withdraw to the Mottlau River and build a new defensive line there, abandoning East Prussia and Eastern Poland until they could rally enough troops for a counter-attack. Hitler declared this was unacceptable, and that German ground could not be lost to the Soviets. His men were ordered to hold their ground, and grimly settled in for the next wave of Soviet assaults.
The US refuses to take violent action against Icelandic Freedom Fighters who take over Reykjavik; they declare an independent state in the North Sea country.
In the North Sea, the US refusal to re-occupy Iceland had been met by an equal lack of capacity for the Germans to invade the state. The cities had now been overrun by freedom fighters, who formed militias to resist an invasion by any power. At Reykjavik, they formed an Icelandic government, and declared themselves a nation free of any western Imperialist. While on paper the US refused to see the nation as legitimate, many of the Allies had little interest in Iceland as anything more than a potential springboard for a European invasion, and as long as the country remained out of Axis hands, they were content.
Numerous - if disparate - Axis divisions arrive in the Middle East to stem the flow of the Australasian offensive, including two German Panzer divisions.
The Axis had responded to Australasia's capture of Baghdad in force. Hitler ordered the recapture of Baghdad and the critical Persian oilfields, but there was no easy way for them to do this. Troops from multiple Axis countries poured into the Middle East, including Germans, Bulgarians, Hungarians, Romanians, Italians and Spaniards, supported by Auxiliary divisions of colonial troops. They were ordered to drive the Allies back to the sea, but they were disorganized and lacked supplies, making any offensive difficult at this time. Initiative was still in Allied hands.
One problem plaguing the RAAF in the Middle East for years had been a lack of range on their fighters and bombers. Although the deserts were flat enough in places to create makeshift landing zones, there were only a handful of proper airbases they could operate from in any real numbers. For the first time, the RAAF successfully tested the inclusion of drop tanks to their air designs, adding on hundreds of kilometres of range to all her light aircraft. Once delivered to the RAAF, her aircraft would be far better equipped to cover the army in its advance west.
The German and Iraqi Armies in the encirclement are forced to surrender, with 70,000 men taken prisoner; an additional 200 German tanks are captured.
At long last, the German and Iraqi forces in the south had surrendered to the Australasian Army. Over 70,000 men were taken prisoner at Ash Shabakah, a stinging defeat for the
Asienkorps. Rommel was furious that he had been ordered to abandon his men, but now it was clear that the Axis did not have a unified plan that could save the Middle Eastern front. Those close to Guderian stated that he believed the war to be all but over, and that his men were merely wasting allied time to deliver Europe into the hands of the Soviets. He argued against Hitler's decision to commit so many forces to the Middle East, and wanted the entire
Asienkorps withdrawn to Germany where they could prepare to stand against the Red Army. Hitler believed that if he could retake Baghdad and drive the Australasians to the sea, then maybe the Allies would consider an armistice, knowing they too feared the prospect of a Red Europe. The two clashed, and on November 3rd, Guderian was relieved of his command and ordered to return to Germany to face Hitler in person.
British Battleship HMS Valiant breaks into the Gulf of Aden, catching an Allied sub hunting group by surprise.
As part of Hitler's plan to drive the Allies towards a peace settlement, he orders the Royal Navy into the Indian Ocean. The RAN saw this as an unexpected move, and
HMAS Queen Elizabeth was refueling and rearming at Muscat, too far to help the cruiser squadron in a fight. When the British Battleship
HMS Valiant and her convoy steamed into the Gulf of Aden, an entire squadron of RAN cruisers and destroyers were caught offguard as they attempted to escort a merchant convoy with fresh supplies and fuel for the 3rd Cavalry Corps. Both fleets engaged on a cloudy evening at relatively close range.
Explosions lit up the evening sky as multiple ships on both sides were hit. The Australasians panicked, fired off their torpedoes and then quickly attempted a withdrawal, but the long-range guns of
HMS Valiant and
HMS Frobisher continued to pound them from a distance. They returned fire, and despite being outnumbered landed several hits on the British convoy, sinking several transport vessels and crippling the
HMS Liverpool, but inevitably,
HMS Valiant landed several direct hits on
HMAS Geraldton, and the burning vessel was abandoned to the sea as she sunk. The British knew their position had been revealed, and they had taken unexpectedly high losses. While the Transport Ships had been empty, they were vital to the recovery of forces overseas and Admiral Sommerville ordered a general retreat before
Queen Elizabeth could react and cut her off.
The completion of HMAS Perth will help reinforce the Royal Australasian Navy's losses.
Just two days after the loss of the
Geraldton, the new light cruiser
HMAS Perth was commissioned in the city of her namesake. The addition of a new cruiser to the Navy would help bolster the losses, but rather than aid in the Aden Gulf, she was destined for Singapore, where she would escort the
Vanguard and
Commencement in their operations.
In Persia, the Australasians advance against three divisions of the German Asienkorps.
Realizing that the Axis were under pressure, the 2nd Cavalry Corps in Western Persia now launch a significant offensive. Three divisions of the German
Asienkorps hold the town of Kermanshah against four divisions of Motorized Cavalry, who are now reinforced with the new M10 Wolverines. Although the German Panzers had previously been an immense obstacle for the Australasians to overcome, the new M10s were more than a match for the PzIVs and PzIIIs which armed the Middle Eastern Army. Digging into the rough terrain, the Germans cannot manage to bring their tanks to the offensive and instead are forced into a slow, bloody struggle to hold the town.
Two British battleships are sighted off the coast of Indochina - an Australasian response is required as their shipping is threatened.
Listening posts at Saigon pick up radio chatter from a British fleet, and reconaissance planes are soon sent out. Much to Australasia's surprise, it is discovered that another two British battleships are operating in the Gulf of Thailand. Following the loss of
Malaya and
Warspite at Sumatra, it was expected that the British Union would abandon the East Indies entirely and leave the Japanese to their fate, but now they were striking out against Allied convoys yet again. A response was required, and
Vanguard and
Commencement prepared to sail.
Iraqi defenders at Bayji cannot hold against the US, despite the arrival of Romanian and German reinforcements.
The Iraqi garrisons of Bayji now came under attack, battling the entire 2nd US Expeditionary Corps. Romanian, Hungarian and German troops arrived to aid in the defense, but shortages of fuel and supplies made them sluggish and slow, and they couldn't prevent the US advance. After a week of fighting, the key oil facilities of the city fell into US hands, and the Iraqi resolve to fight collapsed completely.
The Iraqi government surrenders and submits all her territory to Allied rule.
Faced with an inevitable defeat at the hands of the Allied assault, the Iraqi government surrendered completely. Bombers struck at the few lines of Axis supply and their local support faded away as a new Iraqi government was installed to support the Allied cause instead. At this rate, it was looking like the Axis would struggle to hold Damascus, let alone Baghdad.
With the fall of Iraq, a western advance across the deserts will be required if the Allies are to take the key cities of the Levant.
The key cities of the Middle East were still largely in Axis hands, but now that Iraq was in Allied hands, there was little to stop the Allies from driving west towards the Levant. If they could take Syria and Palestine, they would be able to place an intense amount of pressure on the Axis positions in Egypt and Turkey. The Axis poured troops eastwards, emptying much of the Egyptian Army to face this threat.
The RAAF does not have the reach to bomb these and other Axis cities, and debates the potential value of a four-engine bomber program.
While most of the Axis armies' supplies were shipped overseas from Europe, a respectable amount of Middle Eastern industry supported this effort. The major population and industrial centres of the Levant now produced munitions, food, clothes and fuel for the impending Axis counterattack. The RAAF believed that aerial strikes against these lightly defended targets were the best course of action, but she lacked any bombers with the range to strike at these targets from Baghdad. Before the Fall of Britain, the RAF had been working on designs for a four-engine bomber, the Avro Lancaster, but much of the details had been lost. There was some debate over whether a native program should be established, but many in the RAAF believed that any strategic bombing requirements should be provided by the vast industry of the United States. Plans to produce an Australasian Lancaster were shelved due to the cost, and increased requests for US Air Support were made.
Off the tip of Indochina, the RAN is surprised at night by a Japanese battlegroup in the Battle of the Thai Gulf.
In the far east, Admiral Colvin's carrier group now hunted for the British, but to no avail. After a week of searching, they had completely lost track of the battleships, and considered returning to Singapore. They would end up too late, as under cover of night, the Japanese had closed in on them under radio silence. In the early morning, the Japanese fleet opened fire, catching the Australasians almost completely offguard. Only
HMAS Hood had realized the threat they were under, and she immediately turned to face the Japanese battlegroup - only to realize she was outnumbered 4 to 1.
HMAS Renown,
HMAS Hermes and
HMAS Eagle were all hit by fire from the Japanese battleships, and two destroyers were sunk outright. The
Vanguard and
Commencement, spared the shelling so far, launched their Seafires for an immediate counter-attack. Flak rounds exploded around them as they came in, ship after ship was struck by fire from
HMAS Hood and the cruisers
Auckland, Hobart,
Wellington and
Perth. After an hour of this exchange, the clouds overhead began to transform into an intense storm, and Australasia's planes were grounded while the Japanese retreated under the cover of bad weather.
The element of surprise was not enough to grant Japan her victory.
Vanguard and
Commencement's quick deployment of their aircraft may have saved the fleet. Torpedo strikes from the Seafires had claimed the Japanese battleships
Fuso and
Hyuga, and 10 destroyers had been sunk in the ensuing chaos. Although the battle was a victory, the RAN's plight was far from over. As bad weather struck the fleet, she was left with an entourage of heavily damaged ships, and the
HMAS Eagle had been crippled - she was barely afloat, taking on water and had no power.
Three of the fleet's capital ships are crippled following the Battle of Thai Gulf.
Quick-thinking damage control teams had barely saved the
Eagle from a fate at the bottom of the Gulf, while
Renown and
Hermes were badly damaged themselves in the attack. Heavy waves struck the battered fleet as they withdrew. Several times the crew of the
Eagle feared they might sink, but slowly and surely, they were towed back towards the safe shelter at Singapore. The Japanese fleet did not seem to realize the damage it had done, or how close several of Australasia's capital ships had come to being lost, and despite the lack of aircover, they did not pursue the withdrawal. Once again, Australasia had defeated a great power on the sea...but not without loss.
Ragnar Colvin is remembered and honoured by the entire Royal Australasian Navy following his death.
Partway through the battle,
HMAS Vanguard was struck by a shell from the
Hyuga in her conning tower. The resulting damage killed several of the ship's command crew, including the fleet commander Admiral Ragnar Colvin. The loss was a bitter one, Colvin had served as commander of the Australasian fleet since they fought the Italians in the Mediterranean, and now they had lost one of their greatest heroes. Now the wounded fleet didn't just have to lick its wounds, but it would also have to find a new commander capable enough to fill his shoes.
Casualties from 17th of October, 1942 to 21st of November 1942
Allied Casualties:
12,380 total killed in action
(8,325 Australasians, 4,055 Americans)
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Tanks Lost: 3x Vickers-Armstrong MkV Light Tanks, 32x M4 Sherman Medium Tanks
Tank Destroyers Lost: 3x Bren Universal Carriers (2pdr), 21x M10 "Wolverine" Tank Destroyer
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Transports Lost: 4x Australasian Transports lost
Ships Lost: HMAS Geraldton (CL)
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Fighters Lost: 26x Supermarine MkXII Spitfires, 34x Supermarine MkXII Seafires
Bombers Lost: 15x Vultee Vengeance Bombers, 34x Bristol Beaufort Patrol Bombers
Axis Casualties:
13,341 total killed in action
(3,524 Hungarians, 3,505 Germans, 1,980 Turkish, 1,463 Iraqis, 1,097 Egyptians, 846 Romanians, 512 Japanese, 304 Spanish, 110 Bulgarians)
~50,000 German Prisoners, ~20,000 Italian Prisoners, ~10,000 Iraqi Prisoners, ~10,000 Egyptian Prisoners taken
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Tanks Lost:
45x PzIV Medium Tanks Destroyed, 15x PzIII Medium Tanks Destroyed
~200 Panzers captured
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Ships Lost: IJN Hyuga (BB), IJN Fuso (BB), HMS Liverpool (CL), 10x IJN Destroyers, 3x RN Transports
Transports Lost: 5x Merchant Transports, 4x Merchant Escorts
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Fighters Lost: 5x Ki-45 Toryu Two-Seat Fighters, 12x Ki-43 "Oscar" Fighters
Bombers Lost: 32x Mitsubishi Ki-21 Medium Bombers