Originally posted by Calvin
Thanks for all the speedy replies everybody, and the great links. 
Another question though, After which battle was Napoleon forced to be exiled to Elba? He had taken most of Europe, so how did he lose it all and was forced to be exiled to an Italian island?
Briefly...
In 1812 France invaded Russia with the largest amassed army of the Napoleonic wars. Although capturing Moscow, he could not force the Tzar to make peace. The army retreated from Russia, with around 100k of the original 600k making it out.
On the other side of Europe, French troops were fighting a long bloody guerilla war in Spain, combined with the united military forces of Portugal, Spain and Britain.
Meanwhile, the Prussians decided to stab Nappy in the back by declaring war in 1813. The campaign in Germany lasted almost all of that year, with Austria also declaring war, and France fighting a combination of Russia, Prussia, Sweden and Austria. The campaign led to Leipzig, one of the largest battles of the wars, where the allies defeated Napoleon.
After Leipzig Napoleon was finished. The Russian, Prussians and Austrians invaded France from Germany, while Britain, Spain and Portugal invaded from the South.
Napoleon fought a dazzling campaign in Northern France 1814, but it really only amounted to delaying the inevitable. He was persuaded to abdicate by his own marshalls and in the settlement was made Emperor of Elba.
Thats all a bit simplified but does give the general idea.
