Robert Guiscard was formally recognized in 1059 as Duke of Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily, so in terms of claims, the isle of Sicily along with the southern mainland, was already his. He did have to take it by force, of course. Reggio, Taranto, and Brindisi had fallen by 1060. Messina was in the hands of the Guiscards by 1061. Palermo didn't fall until 1072, though primarily due to the fact that the brothers Roger and Robert were diverted to the mainland, taking the last Byzantine stronghold, Bari, in 1071.