Chapter 25: War of the Swarms (1690-1700)
We left the last chapter at war with Persia, the largest of the Empires. After signing a separate peace with Bahmani, asking for reparations, the Shogun dealt with Persia And it was a harsh deal
All of Persia's western and central provinces were annexed to Oda ( who later distributed them among the Daimyos). The only remaining provinces were some outlying land near Delhi and Chagatai . The Shogun hoped that those powers would finish off the Persians , saving him from another war. But if not, 15 years was not a long time.
A few months later he took aim at a formerly large Empire, that of the Ottomans. And soon followed with another war on a potential Empire, that of Ayutthaya
Ayutthaya put a brave resistance, winning a few battles against Odan armies . But eventually succumbed to the irresistible power of the swarm .
Ayutthaya ended up releasing Khmer and Pegu as free nations. Oda did not care much for turning them into vassals. They were too large for that, and Oda's purpose in the war was more to downsize Ayutthaya than anything else. You see, the Shogun was now more focused on finishing off the remaining Empires and converting Japan to Christianity, and less so on the long term power of Oda. And he did finish another Empire soon with the complete annexation of Ottomans
All the Ottoman lands were distributed between various Daimyos. Next up would have been France, but there was another detour to prevent another Empire from rising. And that was Vijayanagar who had just declared war on the Mamluks. And so they faced the wrath of Oda for their temerity to aspire to Empire status.
Of course, taking on Vijayanagar did not prevent Oda from going after France the next month. And so it was another period of double wars. BUt the Indians put on some stiff resistance, defeating the vanguard of Oda armies at Raichur. An impatient Shogun, when presented with the news that the diplomatic corps had finally adopted the Imperialism casus belli [tech 23], asked his military to upgrade their technology earlier, so as to make the star fort obsolete and speed up the sieges.
Although that came a high cost in military power, few at that time thought this would be an issue for all-powerful Oda. Thanks to the new technology and the arrival of the swarm in the Deccan, Oda was able to force Vijayanagar to part with a good chunk of territory, enough to keep away from Empire status for a while
7
Oda took the land of the nation of Madurai, but instead of releasing Madurai in the peace, Oda released her later as a Daimyo - Madurai would have been too large to diplo-vassalize. As for France and her ally Cologne, it was quasi complete annexation :
From Cologne, Oda took a lot of land stretching from Gelre on the coast to the deep interior. That cost Oda a lot of aggressive expansion ( Cologne was in HRE and not a co-belligerent). But the Shogun at that point was thinking about dismantling the Holy Roman Empire. Cologne was an elector, and he wanted them small enough to turn into a vassal in a later war if needed. Oda had already acquired a bad reputation with the Catholics of Europe due to her annexation of Polish, Spanish and French lands . That made any alliance with the Catholic electors impossible. So if the electors would not ally Oda, Oda was going to force them. And a that point, aggressive expansion reputation did not matter to the Shogun . But apparently it mattered to Burgundy, who broke their alliance with Oda in anger.
As for France, that once proud Empire was completely annexed. Most of the provinces were distributed among the various Daimyos. But the core of France was released back as its own Daimyo .
As Oda readied her armies for the next war, the Shogun took the holy city of Jerusalem from the Mamluks by nicely asking for it, and threatening war if they refused
The Mamluks complied with the threat, handing over the holy site to Suez Holdings. Oda immediately started building a Basilica there , and later seized the province from the client state. The whole exercise , of course, was to eventually upgrade the Holy City to a magnificent level, so as to earn more missionaries to convert Japan . With all the Empire-killing going well, the Shogun thought that converting Japan was his hardest task. Little did he know what came ahead.
While he waited on Jersualem's Basilica to finish, he declared war on Poland, still allied to England.
An immediate effect of the declaration of war was the re-creation of the Colaition, spearheaded by several German minor princes.
The Shogun figured that the Germans were encouraged by Oda being at war with fairly medium to large size nations ( Poland and England) , and that most likely the coalition would dissipate at the end of the war. Soon after that, news came that Bohemia, a fairly large nation at the time, had declared war on Oldenburg.
This had significance for Oda, because Bohemia was close to reaching Empire status based on their size. But being a prince of the HRE, their rank was limited. However, if and when Oda dismantled the Holy Roman Empire, Bohemia would potentially become a de facto Empire. So the Shogun was keen on keeping them from reaching the requisite size [1000 Dev]. So he looked at options for war. But first he had to finish the current affair with Poland and England. So troops were ferried to England to help the beleaguered Celtic Daimyos.
The enemy capital - still called Domaine Francais even though the English took it back - was easily taken. But when troops finally met the English in battle at Pale in Ireland, Oda discovered that her armies were not invincible. The Shogun responded by blockading the English force on Ireland, occupying Britain and then signing a limited side peace
With England out, Poland capitulated. And ceased to exist
ODa partitioned the lands in Poland between Ducal Prussia and Nitra. But also kept several provinces bordering Bohemia, in order to allow expansion in that direction in the future, and to avoid extreme over-extension of the two Daimyos.
With ODa at peace, the Shogun's young son led a palace coup supported by adherents of the new Christian faith . The elder Yoshinobu was forced to abdicate in favor of the 23 year old who had better administrative skills, and was able to pass the "Sunday Schools" and "Act of Blasphemy" laws.
Although the father was a zealot himself [first trait - +1 missionary strength] , he had indulged the family of his wife Lady Aya Takeda in Settsu, and they have clung to the old Shinto ways, slowing down the conversion significantly . By forcing the old Shogun to abdicate, the missionaries also got rid of his wife and her family . And Settsu was converted to Orthodoxy soon after.
Some in the military hierarchy expressed their displeasure at this switch , as the older ruler had better military skills. But with Oda's battlefield successes of late, no one seemed to care about their concerns.
And when diplomats told our young Shogun that the coalition had not dissipated after the end of the Poland war, he told them to look at the bright side. His father had faced the dilemma of how to dismantle the Holy Roman Emmpire. And the problem was that he had to control the capitals of all the electors simultaneously . And since one cannot declare war on an elector if already at war with the Emperor ( and vice versa) , doing that in one war was difficult . BUT, with almost all the electors in the coalition now, all Oda had to do was declare on the coalition, and in one fell swoop would be at war with both the Emperor ( currently Austria) and almost all the electors.
So the Shogun had the diplomats survey all the electors to see if there was a way for Oda to be at war with all the electros and the Emperor at the same time. All the electors save two were in the coalition. Those two were Cologne , who had a truce with Oda after the French war. And Lorraine, who was fighting alongside Bohemia against Oldenburg and therefore did not join the coalition . To get to Lorraine without involving the Emperor, Oda could declare on Bohemia, because Austria hated Bohemia and would not defend them. And to get to Cologne, Oda could declare on Liege who was allied to them . With that information in hand, the Shogun decided that his first war was going to be a glorious double war - a fitting finale to the long saga of the Oda Shogunate . And so ODa declared war on Bohemia first, with Lorraine the real target
And a month later, war was declared on Liege - and by extension the coalition and the Emperor. Annoyingly, during that one month wait , Muscovy joined the coalition .
Although Oda was at war with many nations, a look at the map, and her treasury of 10K ducats, and her force limit of over 900 regiments reassured the Shogun that only glory lay ahead.
But things started going awry very quickly. Armies that were in scattered locations after the previous wars became easy targets for the enemy stacks, and annihilation defeats in Gelre and Volgoda were harbingers of things to come
And a big part of the problem for Oda was the difficulty in keeping track of the sheer number of armies an battles [the CPU got choppy too - I played on speed 2 to make it smoother]
Just looking at the map gave analysists and commentators headaches. Figuring out friend from foe was often tricky , with so many coats of arms to identify and sort out. BUt as is wont to happen with such large wars, fighting eventually settled down into a few large "fronts".
THe first one was the Western front in France, where the coalition made her early push destroying an army at Gelre and another one at Bruges. ODa tried to stabilize the front with regrouping at Poitiers , and called on the Icon of St Michael to improve discipline. But the coalition swarm was invincible, and ODa could not prevent the fall of Paris and many other French cities, with Lille suffering the cruel fate of a sack.
On the Bohemian front, Oda enjoyed early successes with Berlin, Ruppin and Liegnitz falling to the siege armies. That was because Oda had a concentration of force there ( left over from the Polish war) and because Bohemia was occupied with Oldenburg.
And soon ODa began transferring troops from that front South, towards Hungary and Austria. There the ODan high command decided to deliver its strongest thrust, with the aim of effectively knocking out Hungary from the war by fully occupying it . To that end several mercenary companies were hired, draining the treasury in the process.
[in screenshot 100% overextension increases mercenary cost by 50% . is that documented?]
The extra forces were able to push and take Pest, Fejer and Wien .
Another front was in North Russia, where the Oda swarm was able to occupy the lands of Muscovy, but was unable to destroy the larger Muscovite field army. And Odan troops had to be dispatched there to shore up the front against a counter attack from the coalition swarm coming through Finland.
And there was also an Asian theatre, where Ming and Manchu tied up several vassal and Odan armies in a cat and mouse game.
Finally there was a front in Greece, where Venice held many provinces. Here ODan and vassal forces that had recently conquered Hungary followed the enemy South towards Greece in an attempt to completely annihilate their forces, particularly the Hungarians who would not be able to recruit again
And so on many of these fronts Odan arms encountered success. However, as soon as they moved from one area to the other, the enemy swarm came back and threatened their gains. And things continued to be bad for Oda on the Western front in France, where repeated attempts to stop the coalition advance were unsuccessful . And eventually , the Odan forces there had to withdraw south of the Pyrenees and hope to hold that line
In that regard, Oda was getting a taste of her own medicine. Despite winning a battle here and there, the force of the swarm was just too much . And in France and Spain, Oda had too few vassals to create an effective swarm of her own .
In mid 1698, about halfway between war start and the end of the decade, Oda had a slight switch in strategy . Instead of concentrating on pushing through from Hungary towards Austria and South Germany, forces were sent back to North Germany with a twofold mission. First to secure the Pomeranian provinces recently taken from Poland and ensure that the coring process there continued un-interrupted ( to avoid the pain of unrest and increased mercenary cost due to over-extension ). Second, to secure the European side of the Skagerrak and thus cut off the enemy swarm in Scandinavia from Germany . This was feasible thanks to the dominance of the Oda fleet in the Baltic ( but not in the Mediterranean where the Venetian fleet roamed) .
IT was here that ODa scored one of the sweetest victories in a while, where the entire Wolgast army was chased to Rugen and destroyed.
And with Wolgast fully occupied, Oda had eliminated at least one of the enemy swarm members. But alas that could not be said of many others, as the diversion of troops to North German meant that the Russian front was starting to buckle, with the enemy taking Novgorod, Beloozero and threatening Smolensk.
Oda responded to threat of the swarm liberateing Muscovy by transferring troops from the Greece front to Russia. And after a victory at Vitebsk , things stabilized with the enemy withdrawing back to Finland.
But with the attention of the Odan high command focused on Eastern Europe, they did not realize that a 24K Odan army had wandered to the fort of Roussillon, instead of staying behind it . And they only learned of that fact with the news of its complete destruction
The loss of 24,000 men in Iberia was keenly felt as Oda was not in a situation to spare manpower for a new army ( or money for more mercenaries). And that meant that slowly but surely the enemy swarm advanced across the Pyrenees, eventually taking Barcelona and BUrgos, despite valiant attempts at stopping them on favorable terrain .
Meanwhile fighting flared again on the Central front in Austria where Oda was hard pressed to contain an enemy counter-offensive, trading victories at Ob der Enns and Unterkarten
And in North Russia things became a jumbled mess as a large Odan army of over 100K managed to defeat several smaller enemy stacks. Which resulted in the enemy sacattering *south" into the Russian plain, destroying any semblance of a true front.
And as for the Bohemian front, things had started to move again after Bohemia finished her war with Oldenburg in May 1599. With more troops to spare, the Bohemians had started a counteroffensive that Oda could not stop. And as the decade ended , the Bohemian army was besieging Prague again , with only 9 days till a possible recapture (42%) . And with Bohemian troops about to engage Odan troops in battle as well.
So the Shogun assembled his New Year's council and asked for ideas. His advisors gave him 3 choices.
First option was to continue the current course and try to win the wars and dismantle the HRE. The Shogun looked askance at that view, as Oda was barely winning if not actually losing. From the big picture, Oda had occupied Manchu, Ming, Muscovy and Hungary. But has lost all of France and was about to lose Spain . And would be hard pressed to hold on to Hungary. Not to mention having to deal with the Bohemian counter-attack.
The second option was to make peace with Bohemia while Oda was ahead.
If peace was concluded immediately, Oda could get some concessions: money to fund the war, reparations for several years, one province for Nitra and improvements to Kyoto (1,1,1) at the expense of Prague . But that deal had to be taken immediately. Waiting just a few days risked changing things dramatically, especially if Bohemia took back Prague. If Oda took this deal, there is a better chance that she would prevail against the Coalition . And while a victory would not dismantle the HRE ( Lorraine being allied to Bohemia and therefore would be at peace with Oda), it would be a chance to turn an elector or two into vassals.
Finally, there was the option whispered in low voices, for the Bushido code forbade talking about defeat. And that option was to concede to the coalition's demands:
Surprisingly, Oda would pay a very low price for her foolish declaration of war. Only three measly provinces that belong to her vassals. In exchange, the coalition would disband, and Oda would be able to continue her war with Bohemia ( and Lorraine) and crush them . And then in a few years, take aim at the Empire again.
So dear readers, should our Shogun swallow his pride and take the coalition deal, or does the honor of the Samurai forbid accepting defeat?