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Thanks man, I appreciate all this.

It would be great to become a full time writer for a living - especially because I could do it from pretty much anywhere with an Internet connection. (which likely means the Moon or Mars too by the time I retire) Nothing yet though...

I have loads of ideas, albeit time to write them unfortunately. One of the perks of the job, I can work on my ideas while doing my job as the most mentally stimulating my job gets is modelling the mindsets of chickens. And that's not exactly difficult. At least it pays the bills.
 
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Faith And Fuel, Part 1
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 1"
Hani B'Yars
29th Ykrett, 1057 U.R.

The Unity Archive, Baralda Grounds

I yawn. "We've been here for five days. Yet..."

My Queen sighs. "Keep going Hani."

"Rivi, it is endless technical documents for things that we Rukonians don't understand or need. This is pointless."

"The technical documents are precisely what we need." She looks at me. "I know it is tedious, but somewhere in here is the information we need to see Nomi and Buri." She comes close. "And if nothing else, the chance to make a break for freedom from the Council, permanently."

I smile. "Oh. I see now."

She nods. "Persistence. My faith tells me we will not be disappointed."

I'm mulling things over when Tana shouts. "Rivi! Come have a look at this."

We sprint.

This document is a...

It's lots of boxes arrayed into groups. I count. "I don't understand."

Rivi smiles. "It's a motelore board. A really detailed one too." She looks at Tana. "We need a chemist, now."

Tana looks at her. "These... Aren't any Xenayan words."

Rivi takes her hand. "They came from Nomi B'Uniti, when she descended..." She taps the floor. "Hani, bring Zori."

I shuffle. "Zori... Drank too much redwater."

Rivi growls. "Fine. Get Duni then, hopefully he's taught his son..."

I bring in the student Loremaster.

Rivi stares at him. "Has your father taught you much motelore?"

Duni sucks his teeth. "Not much need of motelore."

She taps the board. "There is now. Get this translated. Today."

He rubs his shoulders as his eyes go wide. "Today?"

"Yes, today!"

He stumbles back to his father.

I look at her. "Rivi... Duni is right. Motelore is not... Well known."

She nods. "I know. I recognise only a few names from those... But even so, what little I recognise tells me this might be exactly what we're looking for."

Tana sighs. "What even is motelore anyway?"

Rivi looks at her. "Atoms."
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 2
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 2"
Tana B'Khenna
30th Tira-Toru, Y.C. 807

The Unity Archive, Yiri District


Rivi joins me by the fire after another day's translating documents.

I yawn. "When's your loremaster going to get here?"

She shrugs. "He said just a few minutes."

I frown. Then point. "Doka B'Namma is here. He arrived half an hour ago.."

Rivi stares. "Wow."

I smile. "The Council's most prestigious chemist, here to listen to your loremaster."

Rivi sniggers too. Then sighs. "Zori will get here."

Zori B'Runu finally arrives with a cracked leather sheet, it's gold lettering faded away. A chill runs down my spine when I realise what the lettering is. "That's... Readable."

Rivi nods as Zori very carefully pins the table to the wall. "After looking at the document in the Archive, I remembered this hide. It belongs to Fani B'Ruugi, a Rukonian Loremaster who's family were given this leather hide by Ruki B'Uniti. This is the list of the one hundred and twenty seven motes known in Nomi B'Uniti's day, plus their varimotes, arranged in the manner of her people."

Doka stands, and unfurls his banner. before placing it below Zori's. "As part of our preparations for this meeting, I assembled our own table of the elements, as we know them to the best of our knowledge. Regrettably, ours is not as complete as this is."

Zori bows his head in deferment. "With respect, Nomi B'Uniti descended from the stars. We would expect her people to be more advanced."

Doka nods. "Precisely." he waves a hand around. "This place, this Archive... If it is truthful, has the potential to be transformative." He points to the leather piece on the wall. "Can anyone guess what we could achieve if we can utilise the elements that we don't yet know of thanks to this Archive? I am immensely interested in testing out the knowledge here, and trying to verify it."

I raise a hand. "What is a varimote?"

Zori glances back. "Motelore tells of the primote - the most common form of that mote. It also says of the varimote, who's evenspecks vary while having the same sparkspecks and numbespecks."

Doka looks at him. "So... How can we test this?"

I look at the table. "Same numbespecks... Different evenspecks..."

Rivi jumps. "Spin the sample."

"Yes! The differences in mass would mean they'd eventually split apart!"

Doka looks at us. Folds his arms. "How fast though?" Looks back at the table. "The difference must be miniscule..."

Rivi shrugs. "No idea."

Doka looks at the table. "That Calcium. Six varimotes. That sounds like a good choice to test the theory on." He runs his eyes down our table. He smiles. "Whiteflakerock, it matches... Yes... Yes! We can dissolve it in acid, and then spin samples in solution!" He claps. "Perfect!"
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 3
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 3"
Tana B'Khenna
1st Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

The Unity Archive, Yiri District


I stand back a bit. "Rivi... I'm not sure this is a good idea."

She looks up from the sample testing bench to the Cloud Strider with a removed propeller. "Well... It should get it to spin up enough..."

I look at the growing pile of parts being unloaded. "We've got a prop shaft, and that's driving a set of gears that multiply the number of revolutions. So, yeah. That isn't my worry, it's that it might work too well."

She looks at me. "What makes you think so?" She taps a piece of parchment. "We've run the numbers on it already, and we don't know if we can get it fast enough here."

I look at the pulleys up to the housing of the samples. "I'm worried about that flying apart."

She shrugs. "Not our fault. We asked for the best bits the Rite of Nori-Woru had. It's on them if it breaks."

"And we are in the danger zone." I tap the parchment. "If it shatters, there's plenty of room for small objects to fling out at maybe a hundred strides or more."

She hums. "Well... Yeah. We'll have everyone behind cover when we spin it up."

"What if it hits the Cloud Strider? Lift Gas is... Volatile."

She frowns. "Yeah... Not much we can do about that, we need the Cloud Strider as the mirrors supply the sparkpower to turn the propellers."

"Maybe we should fully ground the Strider, then separate the mirror array."

She looks at Doka. "It's reasonable."

"And another day or more delayed..." He sighs. "I have Wera breathing down my neck as it is on this project." He glances at a Crafts-priest. "You know they've started testing fuels back in the Core District? They've built hundreds of pattern tubes for test firing potential fuels. We're behind schedule, just a bunch of parchments with information we don't understand yet... Wera wants results."

I stare. "We can't risk safety for slightly quicker progress."

Rivi nods. "Yeah... Look, I'm not entirely sure what an 'RPM' is for definite, but the Archive's description of isotope separation through centrifugal force says you want more than twenty thousand of them. That does sound like a lot."

He growls. "We test it. Today. At least a proof of concept test."

He storms off.

I look at the converted prop shaft that now drives a multiplication gear that drives the reinforced barrel that contains the sample spinner.

Rivi frowns. "I... I hope this works."

She nestles down to her parchment, runs the numbers over.

I leave her, and interrupt the crew. "Don't you think we should rotate the shaft so that it is perpendicular to the Cloud Strider? If the centrifuge breaks, we don't want it flinging debris at the Strider."

They argue.

They move.

By lunch, it's ready.

Apart from the pilot of the Cloud Strider, we are all at a safe distance; a few hundred strides uphill, the jagged rocks serving as cover.

Pilot selects drive.

We have movement!

Doka cheers.

Pilot applies more spark...

Gears become a blur, low rumbles become a whine, then a roar, then screeching and clanking then a ear-splitting bang...

Rivi and I get back up to see the debris scattered across the hillside below us. Pilot is waving.

I stare at Doka. "I told you so."

Doka stares at the fragments of wood and metal. He nods. "Yeah. Yeah, you did. My bad." He runs his hands over his head. "Urgh."
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 4
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 4"
Tana B'Khenna
1st Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Women's Dormitory, The Unity Archive


Rivi crashes in the bunk next to me. "It's done."

"Good."

She sighs. "Hopefully they'll get to work immediately."

I turn towards her. "I've been thinking about what Doka said about the Nori-Woru guys..."

She nods. "Engine tests already."

"I went and asked. Turns out they've blown up or melted every rocket so far."

"Well... At least we aren't so far behind then."

"Zaru-Toru have also started training future pilots."

"Nothing unusual there, they were always going to be the pilots."

"They're testing pilots with blocked out canopies Rivi."

She stops. "Why?"

"Well... The Nori-Woru guys think we might have to send up a solidly welded capsule, no windows. Their pilots are learning instrument only flight..."

She gulps. "Oh. Yeah..."

I roll on my back. "Suddenly I'm feeling glad about being a theoretical researcher."

She lies on her back too. "We'll be going up there too, don't forget."

"I just hope we have better instruments by then."

She sighs. "Dare I ask why?"


"They're working off a compass, a map, a glass bowl of water with a ball in it and gauges for air pressure and change in air pressure."

"Oh."

"Yeah... Not ideal. Still, at least they are out of the wind now. Got to look on the brightside."

I shake my head. "I'd take one of those warmth suits and an open view any day over that."

She sighs. "Yeah, but the Archive says there's no air in space, so we'd have to learn to use a sealed room."

"Well... You would think that. I'm still inclined to think there's something up there for light to propagate."

She shrugs. "Archive says that light is both a wave and a particle."

I stifle a laugh. "Don't be silly Rivi, how can it be both at once? We used to think it was a particle, but we tested that theory with the diffraction grating experiment and proved light is a transverse wave, so it needs something to propagate through. Soda B'Wunmi's theory of dilatant aether covers this."

"Unless it is both a wave and a particle at the same time..."

I snort. "Ok Rivi. When we get up into space, we'll prove it one way or the other." I yawn. "Bedtime anyway."

"Yeah. Goodnight."
 
So, another update.

One of the exciting things about starting a project like this is you discover ideas.

Anyone familiar with Life2.0 knows I am in favour of unleashing atomic power.

But, since beginning this narrative, I've spent a great deal of time developing solar power ideas. Surprisingly so, because my pre-conception entering this thread was coal; I genuinely intended to do coal-powered ironclads going to the stars with one big piece of advanced tech that makes the ship possible while the rest is done on period appropriate kit.

But...

Coal actually doesn't fit. And solar does.

But more than that, as I've been working on ideas for the Xenaya - I've already hinted at a few unexpectedly advanced ideas that are theoretically accessible to them like lasers and afterburning resistojets (I know what you're thinking, and it'll make sense later) - there's a part of me that's been working on how to apply the ideas in our world today.

And, well, the reason updates are slow is that, after developing concepts of solar thermal power for steam engines for their airships, I realised that it would actually be a concentrated solar power system and that water is to precious on a desert world to use for steam engines, and that led me to think of concentrated solar power, and then I started thinking about the EV on the driveway and how it would be great to be able to park up and charge it at work, which led to another thing...

And well, I've been distracted from writing because I'm designing a 100kWth/10kWe concentrated solar system that's light enough to fit in a roofbox.
 
I've been distracted from writing because I'm designing a 100kWth/10kWe concentrated solar system that's light enough to fit in a roofbox.
The spirits of Mark Watney and Mac MacGyver live in this writer, I swear. I love the devotion to making the numbers add up.
 
The spirits of Mark Watney and Mac MacGyver live in this writer, I swear. I love the devotion to making the numbers add up.

Technically, that bit is about saving a fortune on gas and electric prices and running my EV for next to nothing with a gimballed aluminium foil umbrella of 12m diameter, 10kg silicon carbide, 24kg table salt and a heat engine, and it isn't actually for the Xenaya.

What's holding me back is that I can't find anyone doing off the shelf stirling engines at 10-20kW - nearly all just hobby models - so I'll have to design it myself, and the R&D bill on that means I'll have to go self-employed as a company selling and installing these kits to pay it off...
 
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Faiths And Fuels, Part 5
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 5"
Tana B'Khenna
4th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Cloud Strider Fore-Deck, The Foundry


A fuel tank explosion in the distance beneath our Cloud Strider lights up the night sky. In the fading blaze I make out thousands of tents and lean-tos surrounding the red heat of the engine development yard, the roar of engine tests making a cacophony audible a thousand strides up.

There's lots of craters.

Some of the craters have craters.

Rivi gulps. I look at her. "They have been busy."

She stares down. "Yeah. Way ahead of us..." She starts counting. "They must have hundreds of testbenches for nozzles."

I look at the debris from the tank explosion. "Do you think that's normal?"

Her eyes turn to the landing berth, where armourers are fitting Wera B'Gurda's team out as they landed first. "Yeah."

I turn to her. "I'm going to the back of the Strider."

She turns. "Good idea."

Pretty soon our Cloud Strider leaves us there, and I'm handed a suit a claw thick of leather and steel. I look at the man who gave it to me. "Is this... Really necessary?"

He flips his helmet open.

I wince. "Point taken."

Rivi sucks in air. "How... What happened?"

The Craftspriest closes his visor. "I've been here since we started. We first tried lift-gas in air. Put your armour on, it's why we have it now."

We don't need telling again. I can feel that I haven't worked out in ages, I feel more than twice my weight in this. Rivi struggles too. It's an laborious slog to get to the sand dunes being used as impact absorbers to protect the shelters.

I peer in a tent; they sleep in armour.

I look at Rivi. "No wonder this place stinks."

She nods. "Sweat, blood, metal, heat... It's foul."

We plod away, find an empty tent, and hit the floor exhausted.

We don't sleep well.
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 6
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 6"
Tana B'Khenna
5th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Chamber Production, The Foundry

A craftspriest leads us to an overlook. "Welcome ladies, to the new standard in state of the art chemistry."

This place is impressive in daylight.

In front of us a team of Xenaya set up a nozzle test. They carry a fuel tank between six men, very slowly and carefully. I look at him. "Why are they walking so slow?"

He turns to me. "Did you see an explosion last night?"

I nod. "Pretty big one."

Rivi nods too. "Lit up the foundry."

"That was a tank of..." he checks over a list. "...C2H4." He hands us a shard. "This is a chunk of the tank that exploded. And what's suprising about it to you?"

Well... I look it over. "It's charred and blackened with soot, but not melted."

Rivi nods. "Yeah." Looks around. "After all, the rest of the scrap round here is melted..."

"Precisely - every other reaction we've tried has melted the chamber. But that lump of tool metal isn't melted. So, we are going to try to make that explosion happen again and see if we can make it happen controllably."

By now, the team is back behind catch fencing.

Rivi looks at the craftspriest. "How?"

I tap her on the shoulder as one man places a thick shield in the ground. "I think we need to move."

The craftspriest shrugs. "None of the debris we found flew this far. But yeah, the explosion started after the tank was accidentally dropped, and so, he is about to throw that hammer at the tank to impact shock it, and that we hope will induce the tank to rupture along pre-prepared faults that we shaved out this morning, and they'll will hopefully mean we have a rocket and not an explosion."

Rivi and I look at each other.

And then we run.

A muffled bang is immediately drowned out by the shriek of rent metal and then hissing and roaring and...

Then we see the tank flying free from the mounting structure, blazing through the air, sending hundreds of people fleeing as the craftspriest howls manically behind us.

I look back at him. "It worked?"

He leaps. "IT WORKED!"

Rivi shakes her head as she looks at the latest crater. "Sort of."
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 7
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 7"
Tana B'Khenna
5th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Research Board, The Foundry

The jubilant craftspriest rushes away, and we sprint as fast as we can to catch him. "Where are you going?"

He jumps and spins back to facing us. "To report the success!"

I catch my breath on a post. Rivi joins me soon after.

I force my head up.

Wera B'Gurda and Tori B'Qunra are busy talking, but that doesn't stop this craftspriest. "We've done it Tori! We've done our first successful test!"

Tori leaps to his feet. "Really? Where? With what? Any casualties?"

The craftspriest points at the board. "Crater eighteen, 1st watch after dawn."

Tori spins round to face the board. Wera stands beside him. "Fascinating."

Tori runs a claw down a sabre. "The ruptured tank idea. It actually worked?"

The craftspriest shuffles. "Quite effectively."

I sigh. "It broke free of the mountings and flew into one of the forge areas."

The craftspriest nods and smiles. "Quite effectively."

Tori turns back to us. "Ok. Firstly, anyone dead or injured?"

Rivi checks. "Possibly. There's a few stretchers out."

Tori looks at the craftspriest. "Check for injured, get those engine mounts inspected, draw up plans for future tests." He looks at his eyes. "Now, son."
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 8
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 8"
Tana B'Khenna
5th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Research Board, The Foundry

He sprints away.

I corner Tori. "How many people have died?"

He stares. "Nine dead, twenty retired." He takes a deep breath. "Let's just take a step back for a moment. You know our Cloud Striders, yes?"

I snort. "Been using them all my life."

He nods. "Then you know the risks with lift gas."

I stand a little taller. "That's precisely my point. We have safety measures we've developed , and this place..." I throw my hands in the air. "There's no safety here."

He frowns. "That's not true. We have catch fencing, armour, we've shaped dunes into shields from the habitation sections. But ultimately, fast progress takes risk. And stuff blows up." He looks at Rivi. "What's the alternative, wait for her to find something in the Archive? No disrespect meant, but I stand by the decision to go for our moon on our own capacity." He looks around. "And right now, this is our capacity."

I look at a discarded nozzle. "Why are we even testing these tubes anyway."

He grabs a stylus. "I was getting to this. Consider a propeller. We've been working with propellers on our Cloud Striders for centuries, and they are well understood. But, even the fastest Cloud Strider is only capable of a hundred strides a moment in theory. Now, have you done the mathematics on how much faster we need to go?"

That... Stings. "Admittedly, no. We got focused on our research."

He draws a circle. "Zena B'Pingi determined that our world is roughly fourty million strides in circumference. He did that by measuring the known distance from Mount Guband to Mount Zaphir, and comparing the angles of sunlight and extrapolating. Subsequently, we tested that with Cloud Striders and verified he wasn't too far off. From there, we can see the radius of our world is a little over six million strides."

I shrug. "And?"

He picks up a rock, and tosses it as far as he can. It hits some sand. "Hear that plop? Any future vessel we take to the stars has to go sufficiently fast that it doesn't do what the rock did. Now, the first thing we did after that Council meeting was work out how fast something has to go so that it doesn't hit the ground again." He smiles. "Have a guess."

I shrug. "A thousand strides a moment?"

He laughs. "More like ten thousand strides a moment." He sits down. "And no existing propulsion system we have comes close. So, I sat down and thought about what we would need to achieve the speeds we need. So I thought about the only space engine we know of - I thought of Rivi's description of the model in the Archive, and I considered it as an expansion chamber. I'll grant it is of a type I don't quite understand being composed of concentric rings instead of a bell, but I realised that it must take in some sort of fuel, combust it and expand it. The energy released by burning is turned into kinetic energy in the exhaust, and expansion against the nozzle transfers kinetic energy to the vessel. The exchange of momentum tells us how much acceleration and total increase in velocity we can achieve by burning all the fuel. With me so far?"

I snort. "I am a genius Tori. Of course."

He scrawls out equations. "So I sat down with my teams, explained my rationale, and we did mathematics to tell us what kind of performance we could do with a series of putative exhaust velocities that we hope to achieve. Then we split into groups - first group would identify stuff we could burn, the second group designed a test nozzle to enable use to try out different fuels, the biggest group set up this place ready for when the first two groups would be ready to start trying things out, and a fourth group organised the logistics to get it all moving. And the initial results are challenging..." He looks over at the board. "We've had one successful test. Everything else has either melted or exploded." He pauses. "Usually both."
 
Low-Tech Solutions For High-Tech Problems

One of the areas I'm most looking forward to tackling in Stars Of Wonder is the mechanical engineering that would go into the challenges the Xenaya face.

NASA put man on the Moon with slide rules and the computing power of something several orders of magnitude lower capabilities than any phone or computer you're using to read this. And the Xenaya, well, they don't even get the basic computers NASA had. I'm even ruling out the early mechanical computers that were were being worked in principle in the equivalent period of our history, such as Babbage's Difference Engine and Analytical Engine; I think having to do all their numbers by hand is an acceptable compromise to give them limited access to 1860+ technologies, and thematically it fits the Xenaya to have a dedicated school of mathematics. After all, they'd need it.

Yet...

We've had our first introduction to ethyne/acetylene rockets; the first is the systemic name, the second is the more commonly used name. Now, there are very sound reasons why we never used it in rockets in our development, and we'll explore those really quite serious issues and how our protagonists will solve them. But, I first wanted to go into some out-of-universe details about it.

The first thing to note about C2H2 is it really is as unstable as it's being depicted; you genuinely can trigger an explosion by dropping it, or even just failing to store it upright when stored in solution with acetone. (which the Xenaya don't know you can do; they'd develop tank suspension systems before they try putting the fuel in solution) We used to use it for welding, but it is generally more disfavoured today.

The Xenaya though, are used to working with hydrogen filled airships. It is why astute readers will have noticed that the Cloud Striders are all open to the elements; everyone wears a parachute, and in the event of a problem, you have the opportunity to escape. It also means that stuff that explodes if it is looked at badly isn't such a deal breaker.

However, it has some perks.

The decomposition reaction has a problem - it releases an awful lot of soot. This causes severe carbon buildup in the nozzle, much worse than burning methane, and carbon deposition is a main reason why methane is disfavoured as an NTR propellant. As the Xenaya will encounter, if you tried an ethyne rocket, you'd get clogged nozzles. Which then explode from pressure build up.

The rest is hydrogen however, and we like having hydrogen coming out of a rocket exhaust - it's extremely low molar mass gives a high exhaust velocity despite the low temperature attained in the decomposition reaction.

Now, at this point you may ask "why not burn it in air?". It's a fair question, as on our rocket materials, it wouldn't be an issue. We've had 3000K+ capable nozzles for half a century and more.

The Xenaya however, are limited to carbon steel of 19th century appropriate metallurgy. It's why the foundry is massive, and growing - if they get one good nozzle for every thousand they produce, then they have no choice but to produce tens of thousands of nozzles. They can't just make better steels; those were developed in the early 20th century, too late to transfer. And even modern metallurgy carbon steel melts way before the temperature of an extremely rich ethyne-LOX mix; anything near stoichiometric is simply impossible for the Xenaya, even on a 1 in 10,000 basis.

But, this is where the soot deposition comes in handy, because if you get the thermal environment right, you can phase change it to graphite. And graphite can cope with the heat and the temperature of running LOX injection to burn the soot off to stop the nozzle clogging. Hence why I described it as an afterburning resistojet earlier. Is it safe? No. Is it reliable? Hell no. Is it what they have? Yeah. What you get in the end is specks of carbon, some carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, some water, and a fair amount of hydrogen at quite a mix of temperatures and therefore exhaust velocities, but it is in the region of 2.4 to 3km/s depending on nozzle geometry and the amount of oxygen that reacts with water instead of soot. (oxygen and hydrogen burn well, well enough that most H2 O2 combustion rockets burn oxidiser-rich for thermal management, although temperature limits on the nozzle materials mean the Xenaya can't just chuck in enough oxygen to react with the hydrogen to boost temperature even if we could)

The decomposition reaction autoignites at 577K, which is a nice and easy temperature for a resistojet to heat propellant to. The reaction is exothermic, heating to almost 1700K and leaving lots of light molecules rushing out the nozzle to begin with. After the first few attempts, the Xenaya will realise the clogging issue, and the natural idea is they'll cut holes in the nozzle to allow air in. More nozzles explode as they iterate the holes that allow the right amount of air in, stop soot filling the holes, and get it to flow in the right places to not end up with thermal stress varying around the nozzle and therefore shattering. Eventually they'll realise there's no air in space, and carry LOX tanks (first cryocooled is the 1880s, which is a little late, but, cyrocooling research had been ongoing for almost a century by then, so it's allowed; liquid hydrogen definitely isn't) to do it again via injection. Lots of those will blow up until they get the design right through sheer brute force iteration.

Result? They eventually have a supply of graphitised nozzles that are tested and flown ahead of the moon mission where that counts most.

Likewise, they need to be able to steer their rockets. Ascent is fairly straightforward - aerofoils are something they know a bit about. But once up there, the options are limited. Reaction Control Systems add a massive amount of mass to what is already a whooper of a rocket; the R&D model I'm refining of the moon mission sits at 75kt on the launchpad, and the amount of force it launches with is genuinely in the territory of earthquakes. (albeit fairly minor ones) Now, you might argue that what is a few more kt to a monster like that (that is fifteen SuperHeavy+Starships) but, the amount of mass it adds simply is not viable; that 75kt rocket becomes just a couple of tonnes by the time the moon module gets back, and before you think that is a lot, remember each Xenaya is three humans. (It's going to be a plot point just how draconian the mass shaving program is going to be on those Xenaya who reach for the moon)

The most effective steering system they have? Weight-sensitive redistributing fuel tanks. Second most effective steering system? Well, that's a plot point I'll cover when we introduce the moon mission's pilot, but, the bulk of it is biased gyros that detect deviation from their preset orientation and force fluid into a gauge the pilot cross-references before she has to spin reaction wheels, by hand (granted, that isn't as much of an issue when you are a Xenaya) to get orientation the way she wants it. This isn't actually all that new for them, as it's a derivative of a Cloud Strider mechanical autopilot system; done right, and they get prograde, retrograde, normal and anti-normal self-holding.

Then you have the most dangerous bit. Re-entry. Now, the Xenaya can't do a direct moon into atmosphere descent from the moon - they do not have the materials to do that safely. Just getting back from low orbit is dangerous enough, as they need to rendezvous with a spent booster, and fabricate a heat shield while in orbit from the tank. There is not the mass budget to bring along a heat shield all the way to the moon and back; they'll need to integrate several tonnes of steel tank structure and the pilot is going to have to judge their descent angle against how that steel is melting off. With luck they get past the ablative layer alive and down to where the parachutes return them safely home, and hopefully vaguely near one of the thousands of Cloud Striders tasked with finding them.

After that we begin the second arc of Stars Of Wonder.
 
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Faiths And Fuels, Part 9
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 9"
Tana B'Khenna
5th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Research Board, The Foundry

Rivi throws herself on the bunk next to me. "This is... Mad. They call whacking a tank with a hammer and pre-thinned fault lines a successful test..."

I shudder as the image of the fuel tank flying through the air fills my mind. "Yeah. I'm getting second thoughts."

She sighs. "I think we should get back to the Archive. There must be better solutions tried."

I look out the tent. "But... I don't know. The thing is, sure we could incorporate the Archive. But would it mean as much to just copy what they did?" I point out the tent. "It might well be terrifying and dangerous, but this is all ours. And I think that counts for something."

She stares. "They've buried people, Tana."

I think about the fuel tank. "I know. Nine dead, twenty retired, I heard too." I sigh. "But maybe that itself is a reason to do things our own way. We take our time, we do things right... We learn our lessons."

She shrugs. "We could learn lessons more easily through the Archive."

I lie on my back. "But is that the right way though? Is one mission and then done the way we should go?"

She rolls to face me. "What I think is that we have the opportunity to understand how they did it, and learn from them."

I look out the tent again. "But we would miss out on this... We'd trade further growth as a people for a quick turnaround. And I think more risk... I think that we should treat it as four missions, not one."

She stares. "But it is one mission."

I shake my head. "No. Launchpad to orbit of the homeworld. Homeworld outbound. Landing. Return. Each stage has different challenges, and each one could be done with dedicated vehicles to give each mission the best chance possible."

"With so much more to go wrong though." She shrugs. "And besides, the Council have basically already agreed we'll be leading what comes after... a one off mission sets us going for our destiny much quicker."

"I know they'll ultimately make the decision. But, if we have dedicated vehicles for each stage, we could maximise the potential for safely completing each stage." I get up, put some bowls on the floor. "Look. Remember the numbers on the board that they worked out?"

"Yeah."

I jot down the equations. "So, they began with the estimates of our world's size. And they worked out how fast we'd need to travel to sustain that, right?"

She nods. "Yeah."

"So, the momentum exchange principle means some mass is ejected so that the mass we want to keep to complete the mission gets there - fuel mass times velocity is equal to rocket mass times velocity."

"Yeah. Your point is? I mean, we build a rocket, burn it's fuel, get there, come back."

I shake my head. "I don't think we can do it with one rocket, Rivi." I draw a table. "Follow my logic here. How much rocket do you think we'll need?"

She sits up. Pauses. "At least two people. And their survival equipment. And a box for all that to go in."

I smile. "Want to chuck a number on that mass?"

She yawns. "Four to one relative to each person, say."

"So we are at ten of us as our starting point, right?"

She nods. "Go on."

"And that goes at ten thousand strides a moment."

She gulps. "And Tori is not confident of finding a rocket that does ten thousand strides a moment."

I nod. "Exactly. Lets say we only have a thousand strides a moment. That means we need ten times the fuel of what we want to move. And at this point, we have just our habitation module and our bubble of fuel."

She nods. "Two very unrealistic assumptions."

I nod. "And so, we need fuel containers, we need a module separation system for evacuation when this thing goes wrong, and we need it all in a fairing that holds shape against much faster airflow."

She sucks in air. "I see where you are going with this now. I mean, if we need say... twice as much mass in total rocket before fuel as we do in habitation module, and ten times as much fuel as total rocket mass..."

I gulp. "And the tank mass increases with the more fuel we need, and then the fuel mass itself increases with the amount of fuel we need..."

She gulps too. "And the engines have to get bigger and more powerful to lift it all up."

"Exactly. And at this point, we've only just gotten to orbit and our hypothetical rocket already is a huge fuel tank with a very small habitation module on the top of it."

"And those big engines we needed on the launchpad will be so powerful that they'll be uncontrollable once we are down to the massively reduced mass in orbit."

I nod. "So, I think we need to think of having stages to our rocket. We can put parachutes on fuel tanks, and as they drain and get used up, we detatch them."

She leans in, nodding fast. "We'd have to get rid of them, we can't keep lifting drained tanks... And yeah, worst case they are going to be really big tanks, we need to make sure they land safely."

Visions of massive tanks squashing buildings run through my mind. "Or at least give people time to get out of the way."

She stands. "And eventually we get rid of engines too, and use smaller engines for a subsequent stage."

"Yes! And a big chunk of rocket too."

I look at the equations. She looks out the tent. "We really need to know how fast those rockets they are testing go."
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 10
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 10"
Tana B'Khenna
6th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Research Board, The Foundry

Tori puts down our chalkboard. "Not bad, I'm glad to have the external check. This is pretty much in line with our mathematics."

Rivi sighs. "The big unknown is what kind of exhaust velocity can we get?" She looks at the board. "Unless we can get two thousand strides a moment, we'd never make orbit."

Tori shrugs. "I have no idea, honestly, what we've achieved so far is so erratic that I can't say. After all the explosions so far, I was happy just to have a fuel we could burn... But, while I concede there were some restraint issues, that fuel tank test did prove one thing."

"Which is?"

Tori smiles. "We can achieve a thrust to weight ratio of at least one. That is a fairly critical objective." He runs a claw through his fur. "And one that was keeping me up at night, I confess." He pauses. "Still, we have some ideas for how to observe the exhaust velocity of our engines. We've been thinking about this, and we have two solutions. The one I have a team working on at the moment is a simple wheeled sled running along a track that we make as low friction as we can. We know the mass of the sled, and the tank, and the engine. The track is of known measurements, and by timing how long the sled takes to pass between two reference points we can establish the total change in velocity, which we can then use through the exchange of momentum to calculate the observed exhaust velocity."

"And the other?"

He pauses. "Measure how quickly the test stands fail." Shrugs. "Its what we've been doing so far..."

Rivi jumps. "What if we tried to use explosions? I mean, let's face it, we are a lot better at making explosions than we are at making nozzles."

Tori hmms. "Well... We are working on better nozzles. Still, we shouldn't rule out any ideas until they've been tried." He grabs a chalkboard. "Let's see. We'd need a bomb rack here to store the bombs, a launching mechanism - one of us throwing it maybe? No, too imprecise... I'll think about that - a retractable shield to hide behind, and then a big plate to absorb the explosion." He stands back from the board. "I guess it works in principle..." Rubs his chin. "I'll have the boys make some much smaller tanks and some fuses, and we can see what happens."

I look at Rivi. "Are you sure about this?"

She looks at me. Then over at where the fuel tank hit yesterday. "Well... At least the tank size is smaller, right? More controlled."
 
Faiths And Fuels, Part 11
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 11"
Tana B'Khenna
6th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Tank Fabrication, The Foundry

Tori claps as he barges through the door ahead of us. "Right chaps, lets get to it! I want some small tanks for the next test, we've had an idea about something a bit different. Come round here!"

They gather as he thumps the chalkboard on the desk. A man with thick grime clogging his fur flicks up his googles. "What now?"

Tori waves him over. "Look. We thrashed out this idea. All we are looking for is a rough and ready tester. Tank rigged to explode when desired and a hemispherical plate to try to capture the blast."

Googles looks at him. "You want to make a bomb?"

Tori scowls. "I know what it sounds like, but it deserves testing."

Googles snorts. "Fine. Give us a couple of hours."

We wander off.

Come back to the board. Rivi writes out equations. "So... I've been thinking. I wanted to work out what we could reasonably expect from the blast. Have we measured the energy released in a detonation yet?"

Tori shakes his head. "Not done enough tests to obtain consistency of nozzle failures yet, we're still working on getting good nozzles."

"Oh." Rivi tosses her head. "Still... We can work it out in principle though. How big is it going to be?"

I shrug. "Depends on what they come up with for the tank."

Tori nods. "Yes, you'd make the tank first, then the test plate."

Rivi sighs. "Come on guys, throw some numbers at me here." She growls. Turns to the chalkboard. "Air resistance will slow it down a lot, I bet."

I join her. "True. Fuda B'Tiru's formula is force equals density times velocity times drag coefficient times area divided by two."

Rivi smiles. "And air density around here is like 1.2, velocity... who knows, we'll put some numbers here and iterate likely speeds. Cd?"

Tori looks at a fuel tank. "Well, looking at the tanks we have laid around here, we're not looking at a plate, but a fairly decent length to radius ratio rounded off cone."

I glance quickly. "Which lowers drag."

Tori laughs. "Hopefully."

Rivi looks back from the board, having drawn a table. "Ok, here's what I think. I think we should run the numbers for velocities of ten, a hundred and a thousand strides per moment, with areas based on a radius of half a stride, full stride and two strides. It's not going to be bigger than that, right?"

I shake my head. "We really need an estimate for the energy release."

Tori shuts his eyes. "It can shatter steel. Pretty potent."

Hmm. "That means we can work it out based on what thickness of steel contains the explosion."

Rivi shakes her head. "That gets into confining extreme pressure... We're not confining the pressure, but using it to deliver a huge and hopefully uniform impact to the test plate."

Tori rubs his head. "I'm going to go check on my teams, I'll leave you to it."

I join Rivi by the board. "You want the safety radius, right?"

She nods. "Yeah. And the bit that worries me is that we don't know whether that could be ten strides or a thousand." She sighs. Stares at the board.

I tap her on the shoulder. "So, what exactly do you want to work out?"

She taps her fingers for a few moments. "My assumption is air resistance will significantly dominate the slowing down forces the plate will undergo. So, work out air resistance, and that will give us a reasonable upper estimate for the safe zone for our test."

I add another row to her table. "Plate masses would be another key variable."

She nods. "True. What do you think, an armweight, a bodyweight, and three bodyweight?"

"For the steel?" Hmm. "Let's just run the numbers, and find out."
 
A Request For Comment

At times, writers face a crossroads in the story they want to tell. There are several paths through the first narrative arc of Stars Of Wonder, and I would like people to chime in with what they would prefer to read:

Choice 1 - "Moon Or Bust"

This arc limits the narratives technical side for the first story arc to what is necessary for making one rocket complete a three woman landing on their moon, and returning them safely.*

This is the one that I've been previewing so far; they do the moon landing, and exploit the Archive to jump through technologies back into normal Stellaris techs and ultimately, get there quicker and safer.


Choice 2 - "A Full Space Program"

This choice pretty much disregards the Archive except for the monopole conversion rocket and hyperdrive that acts to facilitate the later parts of the story, when Stars Of Wonder becomes much more recognisably a Stellaris-based narrative.

Instead, they build up and go to the stars with what they can do - try new things, discover new ways things go wrong, fix those issues and innovate upwards and outwards. We get to explore things like microgravity mitigation, lead poisoning, solar-powered missions to the gas giants, space settlement and ISRU capabilities, having children in space...


In terms of writing, choice 1 is more thematically punchy - "can do!" engineers, brilliant boffins and steely eyed missile women push the limits of the possible in a challenge that is arguably a definitive understanding of "Eager Explorers", before glossing over all the logistics of transitioning between single planet and interstellar species. It's also a heck of a lot easier to write, and therefore should get done quicker.

Choice 2 however, is the one that feels much more true to the Xenaya to me, but also true to the series, and as Stars Of Wonder is the last narrative of the series chronologically, ending on a high note that acknowledges all the mountains climbed and friends gone but not forgotten along the way... Would be special.
 
A Request For Comment

At times, writers face a crossroads in the story they want to tell. There are several paths through the first narrative arc of Stars Of Wonder, and I would like people to chime in with what they would prefer to read:

Choice 1 - "Moon Or Bust"

This arc limits the narratives technical side for the first story arc to what is necessary for making one rocket complete a three woman landing on their moon, and returning them safely.*

This is the one that I've been previewing so far; they do the moon landing, and exploit the Archive to jump through technologies back into normal Stellaris techs and ultimately, get there quicker and safer.


Choice 2 - "A Full Space Program"

This choice pretty much disregards the Archive except for the monopole conversion rocket and hyperdrive that acts to facilitate the later parts of the story, when Stars Of Wonder becomes much more recognisably a Stellaris-based narrative.

Instead, they build up and go to the stars with what they can do - try new things, discover new ways things go wrong, fix those issues and innovate upwards and outwards. We get to explore things like microgravity mitigation, lead poisoning, solar-powered missions to the gas giants, space settlement and ISRU capabilities, having children in space...


In terms of writing, choice 1 is more thematically punchy - "can do!" engineers, brilliant boffins and steely eyed missile women push the limits of the possible in a challenge that is arguably a definitive understanding of "Eager Explorers", before glossing over all the logistics of transitioning between single planet and interstellar species. It's also a heck of a lot easier to write, and therefore should get done quicker.

Choice 2 however, is the one that feels much more true to the Xenaya to me, but also true to the series, and as Stars Of Wonder is the last narrative of the series chronologically, ending on a high note that acknowledges all the mountains climbed and friends gone but not forgotten along the way... Would be special.
I am very far behind in this AAR, but I do want to work to catch up at some point. However, I could not ignore this request.

I am always for the choice that seems more true to the material and the characters. But it is also about what fun you want to have as a writer. Your heart will tell you which way to go. Anything that makes you feel special is indeed the right choice.

Truly there is no wrong choice. Write what feels best for you. If the audience is enjoying the story you will convince them too.
 
I am very far behind in this AAR, but I do want to work to catch up at some point. However, I could not ignore this request.

I am always for the choice that seems more true to the material and the characters. But it is also about what fun you want to have as a writer. Your heart will tell you which way to go. Anything that makes you feel special is indeed the right choice.

Truly there is no wrong choice. Write what feels best for you. If the audience is enjoying the story you will convince them too.


Thanks man. The more I think about it, the more I prefer choice 2. I really like the whole "The Path Not Taken" vibe this whole concept has with practically everything I evaluate.
 
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Faiths And Fuels, Part 12
"Faiths And Fuels, Part 12"
Tana B'Khenna
6th Zaru-Toru, Y.C. 807

Tank Fabrication, The Foundry

"How are you ladies getting on?"

I turn back. It's Tori. I point at the board. "We've run some speculatory numbers, and it heavily depends on the mass of the plate. But our worst case projection is a thousand stride exclusion zone."

Tori walks to the board. "Oh. The other team is already setting up."

He points behind him.

Two men carry the dome of metal, a third carries the fuel tank-bomb.

Rivi frowns. "Are they carrying it with two people because it's heavy, or because it's bulky..."

Tori strides to them. "Now then lads, the ladies have been playing the beads. They reckon we want a thousand strides to be sure of safety."

They look at each other. "Uh boss, we don't have a fuse that long."

Tori runs his hand along his sabres. "Oh. Ah." He glances back at us. "Well, they probably over-estimated it. I'll light it. For science!"

He claps his hands together.

Rivi and I look at each other.

Then start running.

Eventually I flop on the floor. "This has to be far enough, right..."

Rivi turns. "Maybe. I mean.... Hopefully Tori is right about us over-estimating the numbers."

I sigh. "I don't know... We worked it out based on how far previous tank detonations have expelled debris, we looked at weight, at air resistance, wind direction..."

She sighs now. "Hopefully it was carried by two people because it was heavy, won't go so far then."

The explosion grabs our attention. We squint up, try to spot it... "There!"

Rivi drops her view down, and stares. Smiles. Then frowns. "The good news is, we did overestimate it."

I look at her. "That's good, though."

She looks down. "Not when we're trying to develop a propulsion system..."

We sprint back.

Tori is still jumping for joy. "We had lift-off! We had lift off! And the plate still looks vaguely dome shaped. Yes!" He claps. "Cracking job lads!"

He looks at the two men bringing back a charred and bent metal dome, and the third with a list of measurements. "Well boss, these are the numbers. It travelled a hundred and twenty strides along the ground, although we aren't sure how high."

Tori hugs the men. "The point is, it worked!" He claps. "We'll quantify the next one better."

I look at Rivi. "Rivi."

"Tana?"

I sigh. "I want to go back to the Archive."
 
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