Some of the Turkish political and military figures of the time.
Ismet Inönü (1884-1973):
To correct a grave error from the vanilla HoI; Ismet Inonu and Mustafa Ismet are the same person. Mustafa is the middle name (less used). So the full name would be Mustafa Ismet Inönü, but Mustafa is almost never used, so you can just use Ismet Inönü. He's an able war veteran, but I doubt he'd be leading any armies himself anytime after 1934 as he's been leading the government as Prime Minister (right hand of President Mustafa Kemal Ataturk). He's elected President of the Republic a week after Ataturk's funeral (November 1938) and stayed in power until 1950. His centrist and isolationist policies kept Turkey neutral throughout the war. Following the end of the war, he transformed Turkey from a single party totalitarian state to a multi-party democracy and joined the USA lead Western coalition, paving the way for a NATO membership in 1952.
Roosevelt, Inonu and Churchill at the Cairo Conference 1943.
Ataturk depicted with Washington and Inonu with Roosevelt.
First three presidents of Turkey; Ataturk, Ismet Inonu and Celal Bayar.
Şükrü Saracoğlu (Above): pro-Nazi, enigmatic Prime Minister of Turkey between 1942-46. Has been part of the cabinet since 1924 (Minister of Education 1924-25, Finance 1927-30, Justice 1933-38, Foreign Affairs 1938-42).
Recep Peker (Above): war veteran, pro-Axis, fascist member of the cabinet and later Prime Minister. He stated that "liberals are traitors to the nation" and strongly opposed multi party elections.
Şükrü Kaya (Above): pro-Soviet, left wing politician, Interior Minister.
Tevfik Rüştü Aras (Above): pro-Soviet, left wing politician, Foreign Minister.
Field Marshall Fevzi Cakmak: pro-Axis, conservative military strongman and Chief of Armed Forces (Jul 12, 1922–Jan 12, 1944) - more than two decades.
Marshall Fevzi Çakmak and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
General Fahrettin Altay (Above): right wing centrist military strongman, war veteran and Chief of Army 1944-45.
General Asım Gündüz: war veteran, centrist and 3rd strong man in military until 1945.
General Kazim Karabekir (Above): former great war hero, conservative, disgraced politician (his name was involved in an assassination attempt against Ataturk in 1924 and was forced to resign from all duties). When Ataturk passed away, Inonu rehabilitated him and invited back to politics. Speaker of Parliament (1946-48).
General Ali Fuat Cebesoy (Above): war hero who shared same fate with Karabekir. Was reinstated in 1939 and became Minister (1939-47); Speaker of Parliament (1948-50). He's centrist liberal conservative and pro-West / Allies.
Rauf Orbay (Above): war hero, naval commander and liberal conservative politician. Shared same fate with Karabekir and Cebesoy during the Ataturk assassination trial and was forced to leave politics. Reinstated in 1939 and joined Parliament. He was pro-American / British. Served as Turkish Ambassador to London during WWII.
Refik Saydam (Above): pro-Nazi Prime Minister (1939-42). He studied medicine to become a field doctor and has implemented serious health reforms during his term as the Minister of Health.
Numan Menemencioğlu (Above): pro-Nazi Foreign Minister (1942-44)
Marshall Fevzi Cakmak (C) presiding over a meeting of his general staff incl. (L-R) Gen. Veysel Univar, Gen. Asim Gunduz, Gen. Sabit Noyan & Gen. Hakki Bese (Ankara - 1940).
Turkish Gen. Feyzi Menguc, Command of the 15th Div. of the Turkish 3rd Army, w. Col. Kukneddin Aslan, Commander of the Samsun Brigade & other unident. staff members, in the field (Samsun - 1940).
Gen Muntaz Actay (seated-C), Commander of Special Turkish Army Corps, discussing military strategies w. Gen. Kazim Orbay's staff as they study a map, at 3rd Army HQ (Erzurum - 1940).
Brigadier Gen. Iskender Ertemer (R), Commandant of the Turkish Military School, conferring w. his Chief of Staff Col. Hayri Aytepe (C) as they study map in his office (Ankara - 1940).
Ismet Inonu, Pres. of Turkey (L) conferring w. his Prime Minister Refik Saydam at the Presidential Palace (Ankara - 1940).
Portrait of Ismet Inonu, Pres. of Turkey, perusing the bks. in his extensive private library as his ornate desk dominates the foregrd. at his home (Ankara - 1940).
Turkish people voting.
Turkish Armed Forces parading during the National Day.
Ataruk's Youth Boy Scouts parading.
Admiral Bernhard H. Bieri and Admiral of the Turkish Navy Mehmet Ali Ulgen (R), making a toast while forging an alliance against USSR (Istanbul - 1947).
