MateDow said:
I am curious to know why you restarted. It seems like it would have been a more interesting game to try and recover from the poor stratigic situation your ally put you in.
With no division in Finland (all 12 were bordering Sweden and most were based in Oslo, preparing for a war against Sweden, 30+ SU divisions would just need a week to march into southern Finland and take Helsinki and all other IC provinces.
MateDow said:
Sounds fairly historical to me.
Not in the continuation war 1941-1944 (you probably think of the 1939 winter war). When operation Barbarossa started, Finland had an agreement with Germany about invading SU, and Germany even transported some divisions into Norhern Finland. (This never happens in HOI2 DD or any HOI2 game, i.e. Germany should, when Finland is part of the axis, send some of her divisions to Northern Finland). For the winter war Finland managed to muster 10 divisions, plus some brigades operating on their own, so the total of 11 divisons plus a headquarter is probably about correct. However, many more of these divisions should have been mountaineers rather than regular INF. (Given their excellent skiing and survival under extreme winter conditions. I don't think officers with winter skill or some extra techs for winter-warfare is a sufficient advantage).
When the continuation war started in 1941, the SU was surpised about that Finland now had managed to muster an army of 16 divisions (almost half of Finland's GDP went to armament in 1940), so there should be an event enabling a SIGNIFICANT increase of Finland's army between late 1939 and spring 1941. A lot of supplies and armament came from Germany.
These 16 divisions, plus the German divisions (east of Norway, mostly on guard), relatively easy penetrated deep into Russian territory, beyond the pre-winter war Finland-SU border. This aggression made Sweden and the UK angry, and symbolically the UK declared Finland war on her indepence day 6 December 1941. (Which shows that despite Finland being counted by many as an axis country in the war in 1941-44, it would be more historically correct to make a scenario where Germany has military access, and Finland not being an axis member). Finland could probably have pushed further into the SU, but for political reasons the Finnish offence was stopped and the army took on a defensive position which they held until 1944.
The SU launched a massive attack (largest artillery attack in WW2!) which only haulted and prevented the SU entering Finnish territory due to the Finns receiving armament help from Germany (anti-tank weapons, plus JU-bomber planes under German command) and the change of strategy as a consequence of the allied invasion of Normandy, leading the SU to prioritise a rush for taking Berlin in 1944-45 before the allies.
In short, Finland had 16 divisions plus independent brigades, as well as German divisions on its soil, when operation Barbarossa started, and this army had no problems running over the SU defense lines. That the SU should have as many divisions in defense as 30+ in 1941 is too much.
Germany also put much pressure on Finland to 1) complete the encirclement of Leningrad ( but Finland rejected, knowing that they were to leave next to the SU after WW2 once the war was over) 2) to continue the offensive into SU. BECAUSE GERMANY FAILED TO DEFEAT THE SU IN AUTUMN 1941 FINLAND DID NOT DARE COMPLETING THE ENCIRCLEMENT OF LENINGRAD, AS WELL AS HAULTING HER ADVANCE BEYOND THE OLD FINNISH-SU BORDERS. This is important. A certain German victory was no longer the case, and a superior Finnish situation was put on halt, allowing SU troops to reorganise and leave the defense against Finnish troops to fight the Germans south of Leningrad...
Moreover, in all games where I have played Finland in vanilla HOI2 and HOI2 DD and I have chosen "bring them on!" in the winter war event, the 30+ SU divisions easily run over the Finnish army of 12 men as soon as the winter war starts. Again, I don't think this reflects the relative strength of the two sides, because the SU army lost a minimum of 120.000 men (official minimum losses reported by the SU) with total causalties (including severely wounded and all the men often dying within a year after being wounded) counting somewhere between 200-500.000 men...
Truly did the Finns have no further chances to fight on in February/March 1940, partly due to lack of reserves (available manpower), amunition (lack of suplies) and exhaustion (lack of organisation), relative to the number of men the SU had brought to the frontier by February 1940 (after losing 200.000+ men). As such, the HOI2 game engine is not at all realistic at the moment. Poor offiser skills and harsh weather conditions alone can not explain such losses, so the game must be moderated otherwise. In fact, the tragic outcome of the winter war is a major event in the SU history prior to Barbarossa, and also one of the reasons why Germany chose to attack already early summer 1941 (which was postponed due to delays, so CORE should in truth program Germany to attack early summer 1941 IF Germany is ready, i.e. Germany has the 3 million men stacked along the SU border), and not by summer 1942 as was the common expectancy. And for this tragic event to unfold, the 11 Finnish divisions plus a HQ should perform a lot better against what must have been (I guess now) SU armies counting no less than 200.000 men at the start of the operation and up to 500.000 or more at the end. The same goes for the 16+ Finnish divisions in 1941. They were superior at that time, which has nothing to do with their industrial vs. semi-industrial position. HOI2 must include an event where a significant amount of arms/supplies are given away by Germany in early 1941 (if Finland grants military access to Germany as a Barbarossa preparation, or Finland is axis member), and if Finland gives away Viborg + Sortavalta to SU as consequense of the winter war (either "bring them on" or "give in"), Finland will immediately mobilise more and have an event representing an approx 50% GDP convertion into arms/supplies and setting up 6+ divisions in 1940-41. (Which is by no way possible in CORE even if doing nothing but industrial research 1936-39).
Other events not included in HOI2 DD regarding the Finnish winter war (it only has Sweden sending supplies) is the event that the UK and France intervene against the SU. For your information: In January 1940 (and remember this is before Germany's attack on Norway and Denmark in april 1940, and assuming that the Maginot line will protect France), the French try to send approx 50.000 INF ( so approx 3-5 divisons) to support the Finns against the SU. However, Norway and Sweden say no to allow military access through Narvik. (The idea was to use British transport vessels to Narvik, and thereafter move the French troops by train to Finland). Both Norway and Sweden refused military access due to sticking to their non-interventionalistic policies, and therefore the Finns saw no other option than to surrender. This event was so close to happening that the Finns delayed surrendering by several weeks while negotians between UK/France and Norway/Sweden happened. I think such an event should be included in the game, so that under certain circumstances (% chance of happening) and/or if Norway is already allied (e.g. by German declaration of war prior or during winter war) the allies would have intervened and sent troops to Finland. This would have lead to Finland being on the allied side, Viborg and Sortavalta would have remained Finnish, and there could have been a declaration of war allies/SU February 1940...
MateDow said:
AI will always focus more of their forces against a human player rightly knowing that a human opponent is a greater threat than another AI country.
I am not as familiar with the Soviet OOB historically, so I can't comment about whether that force level is historical or not. Part of it is probably a result of no Winter War to force expanded unit production on the Soviets.
In the game I played SU had attacked and annexed the three Baltic countries. So some mobilisation there should have been. I think you are both right and wrong. I remember the Ribentrop agreement said something like "Germany and SU agree to Poland only", and Finland (becoming SU annexed) was part of this agreement. I don't know how the Ribentrop event is programmed in HOI2 DD, but it is this event that makes Germany give up securing Finland's independence against the SU (thus allowing SU to DOW Finland without German intervention, and as said other place here, the allies could not succeed helping Finland due to the war with Germany blocking the Baltic sea transport route and Norway/Sweden rejecting the allies military access).
However, if Finland is allied with the axis, and Finland is human played, I sure see the point with 30+ SU divisions in 1941, but relative to SUs weakness having less divisions than Germany by summer 1941, there should only have been SU divisions in Murmans and a few to protect Leningrad and (if Finland giving in to SU in 1939/40, so SU has Sortavalta + Viborg) a couple divisions in each of these provinces.
MateDow said:
We will have to look at the Bitter Peace event. AFAIK, we are still using the Bitter Peace event which is a part of Vanilla DD.
I am also curious to know why you think that Finland should become a powerful nation. Historically, Finland did not have much industry. They were able to fight off a much larger Soviet army through tactical stupidity on the part of the Soviets and a good defensive fight. The real outcome of the Winter War was never in doubt.
When they joined the war on the side of the Germans, you don't see a massive expansion of their military forces and no expansion of their production.
Minor nations were minor for a reason. They did not have significant capacity to increase the size of their military. Most of them were forced to import the basic implements of war. Finland was fortunate by having a domestic source for small arms, but very limited capacity for larger weapons.
See above, I disagree with this. Certainly Finland industrialised large scale after WW2, but they had the manpower and had no problems penetrating SU defenses as far as they wanted in summer and autumn 1941. Lack of manpower (in terms of reserves), ammunition and exhaustion made the Finns not being able to stand up against the Russian armies by February 1940, however, russion losses had been horrendous, and allied support (French divisions) would have ended the winter war with the SU unable to gain a military victory. In my view, talking of HO2 DD, these Finnish divisions should have more mountain divisions, and there should be:
1) An event where the allies try to send forces to Finland (in effect making Finland an ally), and
2) An event in 1940 making Finland mobilise to get the manpower to build several new divisions plus reflecting the enormous focus on armament in 1940 (and also the extra expenditures there were actually in the years close to 1939).
3) An event in early 1941 where Finland does receive lots of supplies and armament from Germany to supply a few divisions should they allow military access (i.e. not axis membership) to Germany.
One important thing about Finland you should not neglect is that Finland had the highest mobilisation rate of all European countries during WW2. Not even Germany had such a high rate, approx. 16% of total population. This certainly means Finland should get a manpower event in early 1940 should they lose the winter war or give away Viborg-Sortavalta.
Any chance you would program any of this into CORE?
