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Tinto Maps #6 - 14th of June 2024 - Great Britain & Ireland

Hello everyone. @Pavía and the rest of the Content Design team are busy working on the feedback for the previous Tinto Maps, so I'm standing in for this week.

I'm @SaintDaveUK, some of you might have seen me here and there on the forums, but the long story short is that I work on a very secret game whose name I am contractually obligated to redact. That's right, it's ███████ ██████!

This week you get a double-whammy, mostly because it’s really hard to show Britain on its own on a screenshot. Partly to side-step the “British Isles” naming controversy, but mainly because the gameplay of them both is so different, this part of Europa is divided into 2 distinct regions: Great Britain and Ireland.

Climate​

The mild Oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) dominates the isles. Where it cools towards the inland Pennines and the Scottish Highlands (Köppen Cfc), we represent it with the wintry and dreich Continental climate.

climate.jpg




Topography​

The isles are dominated by green and pleasant flatlands and low rolling hills, the peripheries punctuated by rocky mountains and craggy highlands.

We would like to add some more impassable locations in northern England and the Scottish borders to make manoeuvres a little more interesting and strategic, but would like suggestions from people more familiar with the Pennines.

[Edit: 16 June added the missing map]

topography.JPG


Vegetation​

The great moors, bogs, and fens are represented by Sparse vegetation, meanwhile much of the land is still wooded.

vegetation.jpg




Raw Materials​

The raw goods situation aims to reflect the economic reality of medieval Britain. Shepherding was common on every corner of the islands, a lot of the wool produced was sold to the industrial hub of the Low Countries to be manufactured into cloth, which was in turn sold back to British markets.

The further north-west we go, the less fertile the terrain, and as such the greater reliance on pastoral farming such as livestock over wheat. The western hills and valleys also expose a greater number of mineral delights, including the historic stannary mines of Devon and Cornwall.

raw_materials.jpg




Markets​

As you can see the two starting markets are London and Dublin. Aside from London we could have chosen almost any town, from Aberdeen to Bristol. We chose Dublin as it was the main trade centre in Ireland, and also because it handsomely splits the isles to the East and West of the Pennines, demonstrating the impact that terrain can have on dynamic Market attraction.

They are both shades of red because they are coloured after the market centre’s top overlord country – market control is a viable playstyle and we like to think of it as a form of map painting for countries not focused on traditional conquest routes.

market.jpg




Culture​

We have decided to go with a monolithic English culture. We could have forced the introduction of a second Northumbrian or even third Mercian culture, but typically they were not really considered separate peoples. The English, though diverse in origin and with a variety of dialects, had already begun to coalesce in the face of the Viking invasions hundreds of years before.

Scotland, conversely, is a real porridge of cultures. The Lowland Scots (who speak a dialect of Northumbrian English that later develops into the Scots language) dominate their kingdom from their wealthy burghs, and are gradually encroaching onto the pastoral lands of the Gaelic Highlanders. The Norse-Gaelic clansmen watch from the Western Isles, with some old settlements remaining around Galloway. The far north, ironically called Sutherland, retains some Norse presence.

Wales, conquered for around a century by this point, plays host to English burghers looking to make a few quid, as well as the descendants of Norman adventurer knights in the marcher lordships, but is still majority Welsh-speaking from Anglesey to Cardiff.

The Anglo-Irish (representing the spectrum from Cambro-Norman knights to the so-called ‘Old English’ settlers) live in great numbers in the south-eastern trading towns from Dublin to Cork, as well as in smaller numbers in frontier outposts.

The cosmopolitan towns across the isles are also home to people from elsewhere in Europe, most notably Flemish weavers from the Low Countries, though their numbers are too small to impact the mapmode.

The Norman ███████ dominates as the ██████████████ for both of the kingdoms and their subjects. The conquest of 1066 is no longer fresh, but the continuing bonds between the aristocratic classes of England, Scotland, and France have kept the French language alive and strong.

culture.jpg






Religion​

I decided that it's not even worth taking a screenshot of the Religion map mode. There are tiny minorities of Jewish people in some Scottish and Irish towns (they had been expelled from England), but they are so small in number they don't even register on the map mode

Other than that, it's all Catholic. But not for long.

> John Wycliffe has entered the chat.


Areas​

Based on the 4 provinces of Ireland (sorry Meath) and splitting England roughly into the larger Anglo-Saxon earldoms which have some similarity with the modern Regions (sorry Yorkshire).

areas.jpg





Provinces​

We have fixed the colours of the Provinces mapmode so you can see the individual provinces a bit more clearly. These are largely based on the historic counties, which have remained fairly constant throughout history, while merging some of those that are too small.

We’ve almost certainly offended someone.

The ancient Scottish shires are pretty messy and difficult to coalesce into neat provinces, so any suggestions for better arrangement there would be very welcome.

provinces.jpg




Locations​


You might notice that the locations in Ireland are varyingly written in both English and in Irish. This is because we have the new system up-and-running where we can name Locations by the primary culture of the country they are owned by.

This means that for example London might be called Londres if it was ruled by a Catalan country. It’s currently a WIP feature and we might add more elements, such as a game setting to base the name on dominant culture of the location instead, or to just use default (English) names.

locations.jpg




Government Types​

As with most of Europe, most of the countries are under some monarchy or another, but the Irish tuathas begin with the Tribe government type. This, among other mechanics such as [redacted] helps to give them a very unique playing style in Europe.

government.jpg


Countries​

England

England of course stands as the dominant kingdom in the isles. Despite having a lot of power resting on the barons, the country is fairly unitary even at this point, with very little practical separation between the crown’s power in somewhere like Kent versus Yorkshire. However there are notable exceptions.

The powerful Burgesses estate in the City of London enjoys ancient freedoms from royal power, while the king peers in from the Crown’s seat of power in neighbouring Westminster.

The County Palatine of Durham is not represented by a country, but buildings that give the Clergy Estate a huge amount of power in the locations it is present in. This also ties into political gameplay as a ██████████ ██████.

The newly created Duchy of Cornwall—the only duchy in England at the time—would also not be represented well by the Cornwall country, being a disparate set of manorial holdings that are ironically mostly in Devon. Cornwall of course exists as a releasable country though.

The Isle of Man is a little less certain. For now we have it as a subject of England. On paper it was a ‘kingdom’ awarded to William Montagu, the king’s favourite, however we aren’t sure if he actually wielded any real power on the isle. It changed hands between England and Scotland numerous times in this period, but in practice it appears to have been governed by a local council of barons. Any more details on exactly what was going on here in this period would be greatly appreciated.

These decisions have been made because as England heaves itself out of the feudal system, we thought it would be best if the small-fry inward-looking internal politicking is handled through the Estates and [redacted] systems, and then the diplomacy tracks are freed up for the English player to behave more outwardly against other major countries.

Wales

Though subjugated by conquest, Wales was not formally annexed into the Kingdom of England until the mid 1500s. As such the principality begins as a Dominion subject under England.

Those familiar with Welsh history will note that historically the Principality of Wales didn’t extend much beyond the old kingdom of Gywnedd. Much of the country to the southeast was in fact ruled by marcher lords, which we represent with a powerful Nobility estate in the valleys and beyond.

There is an alternative vision of Wales that I would like to gauge opinion on, and that is expanding it to include the Earldom of Chester and the marches on the English side of the modern border. If you are an Englishman familiar with modern borders this might look alarming, but these lands were also constitutionally ambiguous parts of the “Welsh Marches” until the 1500s. This will hand over to the Wales player the full responsibility of dealing with the marcher lords, allowing England to focus on bigger picture issues like beating France.

Ireland

Ireland is going through a moment of change. English royal power is centred on the Lordship of the Pale, the king’s Dominion ruling out of Dublin Castle. However, it struggles to keep a grasp on the rebellious Hiberno-Norman earls scattered around the island - some of whom remain as vassals, some of whom have managed to slip free of royal control.

The Tanistry system of succession endemic to the Gaelic Irish has its advantages, but it can also lead to chaotic feuds between rival branches. The so-called Burke Civil War has fractured the powerful Earldom of Ulster into rival Burke cousins who jealously feud over their shrinking lordships in Connaught. Native Irish princes of the north have reconquered most of their own lands from the de Burghs, but there are also two rival O’Neill cousins who style themselves King of Tyrone either side of the River Bann.

The feuding Irish lack a unifying figure, but anyone powerful enough could theoretically claim the title of High King. The former provincial kingdoms, such as Meath and Connacht, enjoy the elevated rank of Duchy, giving them a slight edge in the High Kingship selection.

Scotland

The chancer Edward Balliol continues his attempt for the Scottish throne, with England’s tacit permission. It’s hard to determine the exact lands held by Balliol in 1337, but we know his disinherited loyalists hold the castle of Perth while his English allies had seized large tracts of the lowlands from Bruce. Balliol has also bought the loyalty of the MacDonald and the other Hebridean galley lords by granting them remote land on the west coast of the mainland.

Meanwhile, Scotland’s canny regent Sir Andrew de Moray launches his decisive counterattack as his true king, David II de Bruce, waits in exile in France.

political.jpg


Dynasties​

We know about Plantagenet, Balliol, and Bruce, so I've zoomed in on Ireland to show the ruling dynasties of the various chieftains and earls.

dynasty.jpg


Population​

Excuse the seams and the greyscale mapmode. We have something better in the pipeline...

population_country.jpg
population_location.jpg




Well, thats it for now!

As always the team is eagerly awaiting your feedback and looking forward to the discussions. We’ll try to keep on top of the thread, but we have a teambuilding activity this afternoon so it might be a little more sporadic than usual!

Next week: Anatolia!
 
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There is a huge difference between Poland and England. The national identity of the English is definitely older than the Polish one. Moreover, Poland on. at the beginning of the game, it barely returned to the map and is gradually eliminating the effects of district division... England, on the other hand, was already completely united.
The point is - exactly, they were district divisions. There was no formation of four or five different countries, instead there was constant splitting and combining different lands, and exchanging them, with understanding, that they were all part of one. And of course constant attempts to unify the country made by dukes from different provinces.

But my thinking here is mostly from a game-play perspective. Assuming there is no mechanic to combine different dialect groups into one Polish culture (if there is such a mechanic then I have no problem), think about how it will function. Which culture will be Piast dynasty? Would territories of three quarters of Poland consider Piasts foreign rulers, because they would be of a different culture? Would you have people in Wielkopolska being "assimilated" into Małopolska culture? It never worked that way. Instead, in early modern period you had uniform Polish culture among Polish nobility and some burghers and lots of regional differences among peasants, but that's normal.
 
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I’m biased since I am from kettering, but it should probably replace corby in representing eastern Northamptonshire as it’s the more important historical location, corby only becoming relevant much later in time.

I’d also probably switch Northampton into being the central location with something else in the western part.

Alternatively just omit the central location entirely and just splitting Northamptonshire in two like it is currently for councils (North Northamptonshire and West Northamptonshire are silly names, but the shape works)
 
It seems like English is set to be the second most dominant culture on Man. I wonder if it would make more sense to have it be highland given the culture of the locals was Manx a Gaelic language.

The Manx are represented by the Gaelic-speaking Norse-Gaels, who are the dominant culture on Mann. In 1337 Galloway was still Gaelic speaking so there was a Norse-Gael dialectal continuum from the isle of Lewis all the way to Mann.
 
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You might find this document interesting. It's a list of the size of forces every Irish lordship could summon/support in the 16th century (admittedly later than our period but not completely irrelevant). Horsemen, Gallowglass and Kerne. These were a professional class as Irish lords didn't arm the peasantry until Shane O'Neill in the 16th century. You could probably extrapolate population numbers from it.

Armed Forces of the Irish Chiefs in the Early 16th Century​

L. Price
The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Seventh Series, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Dec. 31, 1932), pp. 201-207

 
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Hello everyone. @Pavía and the rest of the Content Design team are busy working on the feedback for the previous Tinto Maps, so I'm standing in for this week.

I'm @SaintDaveUK, some of you might have seen me here and there on the forums, but the long story short is that I work on a very secret game whose name I am contractually obligated to redact. That's right, it's ███████ ██████!

This week you get a double-whammy, mostly because it’s really hard to show Britain on its own on a screenshot. Partly to side-step the “British Isles” naming controversy, but mainly because the gameplay of them both is so different, this part of Europa is divided into 2 distinct regions: Great Britain and Ireland.

Climate​

The mild Oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) dominates the isles. Where it cools towards the inland Pennines and the Scottish Highlands (Köppen Cfc), we represent it with the wintry and dreich Continental climate.

View attachment 1148219



Topography​

The isles are dominated by green and pleasant flatlands and low rolling hills, the peripheries punctuated by rocky mountains and craggy highlands.

We would like to add some more impassable locations in northern England and the Scottish borders to make manoeuvres a little more interesting and strategic, but would like suggestions from people more familiar with the Pennines.


Vegetation​

The great moors, bogs, and fens are represented by Sparse vegetation, meanwhile much of the land is still wooded.

View attachment 1148227



Raw Materials​

The raw goods situation aims to reflect the economic reality of medieval Britain. Shepherding was common on every corner of the islands, a lot of the wool produced was sold to the industrial hub of the Low Countries to be manufactured into cloth, which was in turn sold back to British markets.

The further north-west we go, the less fertile the terrain, and as such the greater reliance on pastoral farming such as livestock over wheat. The western hills and valleys also expose a greater number of mineral delights, including the historic stannary mines of Devon and Cornwall.

View attachment 1148228



Markets​

As you can see the two starting markets are London and Dublin. Aside from London we could have chosen almost any town, from Aberdeen to Bristol. We chose Dublin as it was the main trade centre in Ireland, and also because it handsomely splits the isles to the East and West of the Pennines, demonstrating the impact that terrain can have on dynamic Market attraction.

They are both shades of red because they are coloured after the market centre’s top overlord country – market control is a viable playstyle and we like to think of it as a form of map painting for countries not focused on traditional conquest routes.

View attachment 1148224



Culture​

We have decided to go with a monolithic English culture. We could have forced the introduction of a second Northumbrian or even third Mercian culture, but typically they were not really considered separate peoples. The English, though diverse in origin and with a variety of dialects, had already begun to coalesce in the face of the Viking invasions hundreds of years before.

Scotland, conversely, is a real porridge of cultures. The Lowland Scots (who speak a dialect of Northumbrian English that later develops into the Scots language) dominate their kingdom from their wealthy burghs, and are gradually encroaching onto the pastoral lands of the Gaelic Highlanders. The Norse-Gaelic clansmen watch from the Western Isles, with some old settlements remaining around Galloway. The far north, ironically called Sutherland, retains some Norse presence.

Wales, conquered for around a century by this point, plays host to English burghers looking to make a few quid, as well as the descendants of Norman adventurer knights in the marcher lordships, but is still majority Welsh-speaking from Anglesey to Cardiff.

The Anglo-Irish (representing the spectrum from Cambro-Norman knights to the so-called ‘Old English’ settlers) live in great numbers in the south-eastern trading towns from Dublin to Cork, as well as in smaller numbers in frontier outposts.

The cosmopolitan towns across the isles are also home to people from elsewhere in Europe, most notably Flemish weavers from the Low Countries, though their numbers are too small to impact the mapmode.

The Norman ███████ dominates as the ██████████████ for both of the kingdoms and their subjects. The conquest of 1066 is no longer fresh, but the continuing bonds between the aristocratic classes of England, Scotland, and France have kept the French language alive and strong.

View attachment 1148221





Religion​

I decided that it's not even worth taking a screenshot of the Religion map mode. There are tiny minorities of Jewish people in some Scottish and Irish towns (they had been expelled from England), but they are so small in number they don't even register on the map mode

Other than that, it's all Catholic. But not for long.

> John Wycliffe has entered the chat.


Areas​

Based on the 4 provinces of Ireland (sorry Meath) and splitting England roughly into the larger Anglo-Saxon earldoms which have some similarity with the modern Regions (sorry Yorkshire).

View attachment 1148220




Provinces​

We have fixed the colours of the Provinces mapmode so you can see the individual provinces a bit more clearly. These are largely based on the historic counties, which have remained fairly constant throughout history, while merging some of those that are too small.

We’ve almost certainly offended someone.

The ancient Scottish shires are pretty messy and difficult to coalesce into neat provinces, so any suggestions for better arrangement there would be very welcome.

View attachment 1148226



Locations​


You might notice that the locations in Ireland are varyingly written in both English and in Irish. This is because we have the new system up-and-running where we can name Locations by the primary culture of the country they are owned by.

This means that for example London might be called Londres if it was ruled by a Catalan country. It’s currently a WIP feature and we might add more elements, such as a game setting to base the name on dominant culture of the location instead, or to just use default (English) names.

View attachment 1148223



Government Types​

As with most of Europe, most of the countries are under some monarchy or another, but the Irish tuathas begin with the Tribe government type. This, among other mechanics such as [redacted] helps to give them a very unique playing style in Europe.

View attachment 1148222

Countries​

England

England of course stands as the dominant kingdom in the isles. Despite having a lot of power resting on the barons, the country is fairly unitary even at this point, with very little practical separation between the crown’s power in somewhere like Kent versus Yorkshire. However there are notable exceptions.

The powerful Burgesses estate in the City of London enjoys ancient freedoms from royal power, while the king peers in from the Crown’s seat of power in neighbouring Westminster.

The County Palatine of Durham is not represented by a country, but buildings that give the Clergy Estate a huge amount of power in the locations it is present in. This also ties into political gameplay as a ██████████ ██████.

The newly created Duchy of Cornwall—the only duchy in England at the time—would also not be represented well by the Cornwall country, being a disparate set of manorial holdings that are ironically mostly in Devon. Cornwall of course exists as a releasable country though.

The Isle of Man is a little less certain. For now we have it as a subject of England. On paper it was a ‘kingdom’ awarded to William Montagu, the king’s favourite, however we aren’t sure if he actually wielded any real power on the isle. It changed hands between England and Scotland numerous times in this period, but in practice it appears to have been governed by a local council of barons. Any more details on exactly what was going on here in this period would be greatly appreciated.

These decisions have been made because as England heaves itself out of the feudal system, we thought it would be best if the small-fry inward-looking internal politicking is handled through the Estates and [redacted] systems, and then the diplomacy tracks are freed up for the English player to behave more outwardly against other major countries.

Wales

Though subjugated by conquest, Wales was not formally annexed into the Kingdom of England until the mid 1500s. As such the principality begins as a Dominion subject under England.

Those familiar with Welsh history will note that historically the Principality of Wales didn’t extend much beyond the old kingdom of Gywnedd. Much of the country to the southeast was in fact ruled by marcher lords, which we represent with a powerful Nobility estate in the valleys and beyond.

There is an alternative vision of Wales that I would like to gauge opinion on, and that is expanding it to include the Earldom of Chester and the marches on the English side of the modern border. If you are an Englishman familiar with modern borders this might look alarming, but these lands were also constitutionally ambiguous parts of the “Welsh Marches” until the 1500s. This will hand over to the Wales player the full responsibility of dealing with the marcher lords, allowing England to focus on bigger picture issues like beating France.

Ireland

Ireland is going through a moment of change. English royal power is centred on the Lordship of the Pale, the king’s Dominion ruling out of Dublin Castle. However, it struggles to keep a grasp on the rebellious Hiberno-Norman earls scattered around the island - some of whom remain as vassals, some of whom have managed to slip free of royal control.

The Tanistry system of succession endemic to the Gaelic Irish has its advantages, but it can also lead to chaotic feuds between rival branches. The so-called Burke Civil War has fractured the powerful Earldom of Ulster into rival Burke cousins who jealously feud over their shrinking lordships in Connaught. Native Irish princes of the north have reconquered most of their own lands from the de Burghs, but there are also two rival O’Neill cousins who style themselves King of Tyrone either side of the River Bann.

The feuding Irish lack a unifying figure, but anyone powerful enough could theoretically claim the title of High King. The former provincial kingdoms, such as Meath and Connacht, enjoy the elevated rank of Duchy, giving them a slight edge in the High Kingship selection.

Scotland

The chancer Edward Balliol continues his attempt for the Scottish throne, with England’s tacit permission. It’s hard to determine the exact lands held by Balliol in 1337, but we know his disinherited loyalists hold the castle of Perth while his English allies had seized large tracts of the lowlands from Bruce. Balliol has also bought the loyalty of the MacDonald and the other Hebridean galley lords by granting them remote land on the west coast of the mainland.

Meanwhile, Scotland’s canny regent Sir Andrew de Moray launches his decisive counterattack as his true king, David II de Bruce, waits in exile in France.

View attachment 1148225

Dynasties​

We know about Plantagenet, Balliol, and Bruce, so I've zoomed in on Ireland to show the ruling dynasties of the various chieftains and earls.

View attachment 1148241

Population​

Excuse the seams and the greyscale mapmode. We have something better in the pipeline...

View attachment 1148243View attachment 1148244



Well, thats it for now!

As always the team is eagerly awaiting your feedback and looking forward to the discussions. We’ll try to keep on top of the thread, but we have a teambuilding activity this afternoon so it might be a little more sporadic than usual!

Next week: Anatolia!
Nah, I feel with the way the French culture was spilt into various cultures, the English culture should be too, really weird not having Northumbria and some angl9-saxons remnants
 
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England 5.3M population? :confused:

England had something around 2-3M population at the start date of the game.
England had about 4.7-4.8 and im not sure if they are adding in other population alongside England, but it was not 2-3M

Screenshot 2024-06-14 140954.png

source
 
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I can't be the only one tired of the "French/Polish/German/etc is split, therefore split English" comments. They rarely actually provide evidence or sources to back their claims, just baselessly assert equivalence between the situations.
I'm going to trust the developers that know their own game and their own research far more than a commenter just going off vibes, unless that commenter can provide proof.

Side note:
If you're talking about purely gameplay, not historical fact, like Tissaia here then no sources is fine imo and while I personally disagree, since accepted cultures and culture groups should model this with no need for cultural mergings, it certainly is an actual contribution to discussion
But my thinking here is mostly from a game-play perspective. Assuming there is no mechanic to combine different dialect groups into one Polish culture (if there is such a mechanic then I have no problem), think about how it will function. Which culture will be Piast dynasty? Would territories of three quarters of Poland consider Piasts foreign rulers, because they would be of a different culture? Would you have people in Wielkopolska being "assimilated" into Małopolska culture? It never worked that way. Instead, in early modern period you had uniform Polish culture among Polish nobility and some burghers and lots of regional differences among peasants, but that's normal.
 
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As a local to Devonshire, I feel it has a relatively small amount of locations compared to its size. I would split it between five locations to represent its diversity more accurately, East Devon (Exeter), South Devon (Totnes), West Devon (Plymouth), North Devon (Barnstaple), and Central Devon (Okehampton).
This would allow for the wool trade of central Devon (Dartmoor) and the cloth trade of Totnes to be represented. Totnes became the foremost centre of the cloth trade in Devon by the end of the fifteenth century. By 1523, according to a tax assessment, Totnes was the second-richest town in Devon, and the sixteenth-richest in England, ahead of Worcester, Gloucester and Lincoln. Therefore, I find its inclusion within the Plymouth location to be a missed opportunity for a little extra flavour.

Please find the sources below for my opinions stated above.

Cooke, Richard William Ingram. 2021. "Devon's Economy during the Long Fifteenth Century: Wealth, Population and Trade." Order No. 29424075, University of Exeter (United Kingdom)

Stansbury, Don (1998). "907–1523: The king's town". In Bridge, Maureen (ed.). The Heart of Totnes. Tavistock: AQ & DJ Publications. pp. 123–131.
 
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I'm of cource no Brit and no Brit expert, but I do know that even today there's a massive difference between Northern and Southern English people. Especially since Northerners use borrowed Norse words, while Southerners don't, then there's already case that English should be split into English and Northumbrian for the very least.

It is also hard to know how cultures should be split, when we don't know what exactly Culture entails in this game. Like does this game use CK3's culture formatting or is it more like Vicky 3, where each culture has traits that make certain differences between cultures.
 
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I have a few suggestions regarding the county of Dorset. In anticipation of this dev diary I've annotated a couple of picture to try and explain better than my pathetic English skills.

dorsetmap1.png
dorsetmap2.png


The left image shows what are, in my opinion the historic towns / bishoprics / baronies of Dorset. Note that this is a historical map, the current borders are largely the same except Bournemouth was arbitrarily gifted to it in the 20th century. The northern border is very different than reality and the left coastline you drew quite rough (maybe to add to realism of coastlines) but ironically this part of the jurassic coast is one long beach than makes a nice curved line (See Chesil Beach).

I disagree on your choice of north Dorset town as you can see Dorchester lies well within the southern portion. Northern Dorset was not populated as much as the other two so I would argue that the bishopric of Sherborne would be a better choice. I have split the county differently so that east Dorset includes all of Purbeck with the historic market town and castle of Wareham (although Poole was a historic trade harbour so that's also fine). I would argue that Dorchester is a good center for west Dorset as it is the current administrative centre for the county. Although you could consider Weymouth/Melcombe Regis (historic name) as a trade harbour and interestly the first place in England to import the black death from France.

As I mentioned in the France dev diary I think that Portland is missing entirely and quite jarring to look at (it's in other paradox games), and the importance of Portland limestone could warrant the local trade good for southwest Dorset to be stone not sand (I have never heard of sand being exported from Dorset).
 
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Befordshire is far too large. It should be broken down into Oxfordshire, Berkshire, and Bedfordshire. Each shire has great importance to English history.

The Earls of Bedford have long been important courtiers
Reading was one of England's largest towns prior to Cromwell's sack in the English Civil War, it also saw the only combat of the Glorious Revolution, where James II's Irish troops were shot at by civilians. Prior to the Reformation, Reading Abbey also housed the graves of previous English Kings.
Oxford, one of the oldest universities in Europe, an important site for Catholics, Protestants, and Lollards, due to various conversions and executions happening there
 
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No not really, though Hen Ogledd is a formable for Welsh culture.
Best feature right there. Also, I feel like in addition to some more unpassable terrain in Wales and Scotland, the Pennines should have some kind of debuff to moving armies through as the terrain tended to either force armies to go through certain easier passes, go around or take the long route up and over. Not quite mountainous but certainly harder to traverse than the sparse terrain type suggests IMO.

Also, if you're having a separate culture for Cambro-Norman and Hiberno-Norman I feel like there should be distinct Northern English and Southern English groupings. Not only was Northern English culture different from Southern English (and still is) but the North tended to be difficult for London to directly exert authority over it, and had little love for the South in return. Where the King focused more on the South and France, Northerners and Northern Lords focused on dealing with Scottish reavers or reaving in return, and as you've included above, lived more pastoral lives than farming crops. Prior to the English Reformation and even after, I'd probably argue that the Church had a stronger role in the lives of those in the North than those in the South.

The differences and difficulty in governing, had like had been established in Wales led to the creation of the Council of the North under the House of York and then the Tudors, which was only dissolved in the mid-1600s by the Roundheads because it supported Catholic Recusants.

Edit: I have just realised I completely missed the bit where you asked for input from those of us from the Pennines for impassable terrain. I don't know much about what I can say, Standedge through to the Calder Valley is still a route used by walkers and it saw heavy foot traffic in Project Caesar's timeframe as a packhorse trail, but I don't know how often it was used as a military pass though.
 
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One more thing

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I'm ok with the patterns of settlement in general, but the Norman dominance in two provinces of the Laigin doesn't seem justified. Outside of Arklow and Wicklow towns, these would have been strong Irish areas. I remember reading somewhere that all areas above 300m were still in control of the Irish, and these were the most mountainous, heavily-wooded areas in Ireland.
 
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I can't provide the exact numbers for the pops, but the area of southern Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire (the area aptly aptly nicknamed Little England Beyond Wales) should be of majority English culture. This isn't a merely linguistic difference like in the rest of Wales, since in Great Britain and Ireland language and national identity can be divorced from one another. Rather this is the result of various waves of settlement of Flemings (I guess you could also depict them as being of Flemish/Dutch/Low Franconian culture, but I think by this time they're rather assimilated into English culture).

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"Highland" and "Scots" should probably be respectively renamed to "Highland Scots" and "Lowland Scots", or perhaps "Scots Gaels" and just "Scots". "Scots-Irish" should also appear later in the game's timeline I assume?
Also, how's the division between culture? Is there a weird "British" vs. "Celtic" (that's really just "Gaelic") division like in EU4? Is it "Anglo-Saxon" vs. "Celtic" now? Is there a single "Anglo-Celtic" culture group?
 
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I think England should have a lot more locations, even Ireland appears to have a higher density of them than England, despite having a much smaller population. As others have said, if France and Poland have multiple cultures, England should too, even today there are large cultural and dialect differences.
Focusing on Staffordshire, i dont particularly like the current locations. Stoke is quite large and could be split, with the east possibly being called Leek. In the south west I would suggest adding the black country (a key part of the Industrial revolution), which could be called Wolverhampton, Walsall or Dudley (though it was technically part of Worcestershire it was surrounded by Staffordshire). Lichfield should be added, with it being a historically significant City and having a Cathedral (being unique by having 3 Spires), which could replace most of the Tamworth location. If you wish to keep Tamworth (being significant as the old capital of Mercia), it was historicaly split between Warwickshire and Staffordshire, so it could reasonably be given land from and made part of Warwickshire. Speaking of Warwickshire, Warwick should probably be a location.
 
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The differences in dialects between northern and southern dialects of English are not as pronounced as the different French dialects. The changes producing Middle English also served as a bit of unifying force which didn't happen in France.
In modern times, sure, they're not so different. Even just a century ago though you quickly see big differences in the dialects of spoken English depending on whether you are in the North or the South. The Northern dialects before they became closer to standardised English in the modern day were often closer to Scots than to the English spoken in London or at Court.
 
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