For allies i probably would start with the French 2nd Armored division. Just wondering how well the French will be.
Not really heard a lot of stuff of French army in WW2, can somebody tell me what they had done?
Here for the
2e DB's history:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2nd_Armored_Division_(France)
It is the most famous and considered most glorious Free French unit by many here, for its part in the battle of Falaise, the Liberation of Paris & Strasbourg, the combats in Alsace and especially the battle of Colmar, and the invasion of Germany. Yet, it is seldom known even in France that they were merely latecomers to the war and not Free French (but the Spahis & 501e RCC), the division having been formed from personnel from the
Armée d'Afrique, which had mostly remained faithful to Pétain until the Allied landing in North Africa (late 1942). Again, but for the Spahis & tankers from 501e RCC whom were true Free French, that is, whom had joined de Gaulle between June 1940 & early 1943 when Free France governement was still in exile. The cultural difference between the two groups, Spahis/501e & the rest (Armée d'Afrique) was such that they usually end up fist-fighting each other in bars everytime they were there together, and the 501e RCC mocked its brother regiment the 12e Chasseurs d'Afrique (tank regiment) "12e Nazis". Just to tell you the good spirit of friendship amongst the men of the 2e DB when it was created!
It is to be credited to Leclerc, one of the first and true Free French, to have succeeded in merging so different men into an efective fighting machine. Threatening the Spahis/501e RCC to be left out from the much-expected liberation of France if they kept harassing the men from the Armée d'Afrique did a lot.
The one true Free French unit was the
DFL (
1ère Division Française Libre).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_Free_French_Division
It was formed in 1943 from two separate brigades which had fought non-stop from 1940 and on most theaters: Norway, Lebanon, Somalia, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, ...
They were a motley crew of men & units coming from all origins to answer de gaulle's call to keep fighting: Légionnaires from the Narvik expedition, sailors in England or French colonies, Spahis & Tcherkesses horsemen from Syria/Lebanon, Somalian & African troops, a bataillon of Polynesian volunteers from our pacific colonies, civilians & ex-military escpaed from France by any means to join the fight in London or in the nearest Free French colony, ...
They were monarchists, anarchists, communists, right-wing military officers, socialists, extrem-right, Jews, adventurers, ... yet they were suddenly all stateless, wanted in their own country which they didn't know if they would ever see it again, nor their loved ones. So they managed to create a unique bond despite their differences. It was the most highly educated corps France ever had, with more university or high school teachers serving as privates than ever. Most privates refused to be promoted, because it would take them away from their platoon, which had become their family, and they were afraid to miss "THE fight" (the liberation of France) if sent to a NCO school.
Not really heard a lot of stuff of French army in WW2
If your question was more generic France fought in Norway, Belgium, Netherlands & (of course) France in 1940, and got defeated as is well known.
In 1941, small detachements fought:
* with the British for the the two separate Free French Brigades in Eastern Africa (Somaliland & Erythrea, including the unsung
battle of Keren which British veterans described as the most ferocious battle they'd fought on par with Monte Cassino) and Syrian/Lebanon (Operation Exporter).
* on their own for Leclerc. Leclerc, whom had joined de Gaulle as early as the Summer 1940, had landed in Cameroon with about 20 men and rallied Chad, Cameroon and Congo to Free france, giving it some measure of territory ... and thus some credibility. He failed, although with the Royal Navy's help, to rally Senegal too, but Vichy troops there fought them back. Leclerc then led a small Flying Column from Chad to Libya, striking at the Italina back, from the desert where they didn't expected much threat..
1942 was the Free French's finest hour, with the
battle of Bir Hakeim.
During the battle of Gazala, which saw the British Army routed by Rommel's
Afrika Korps, the Free french were away from the fight, having been given the task to hold the Southernmost point of the Allied line, in the desert, near a spot called Bir Hakeim. While the British Army was on the verge of disintegration, Rommel advanced in pursuit but couldn't leave that small outpost in his back, so he sent the
Ariete Italian division to deal with it. They were repulsed with heavy losses. As always, the Germans considered it was due to some incompetence from their feeble Italian Allies, so Rommel sent his own troops to dispatch the matter. Same result. Finally, Rommel had to distract more and more troops, but despite engaging almost 10 times (not at the same moment) the number of defenders, he couldn't crack the nut.
The British had ask the Free French to hold for a few days, to give them time to regroup and reorganized: they held for ten days against Rommel's best units. And they managed to break out of the encirclement and join Allied lines. Well, most of them. Casualties were high, especially during the breakout, with many men lost to die or being captured wandering in the desert the next days.
Btw, the leading vehicle in the breakout was that of general Koenig (the BFL commander) himself, driven by ... his a female British pilot (and some/most say, his mistress), Susan Travers. Despite being fired at by machine-guns from all side and knowing there were mines everywhere, she drove through the German gauntlet unmolested, opening the way for the rest of the column. At the end of the war, Légionnaires petitionned de Gaulle's himself for Travers to be made a full fldge légionnaire (although the légion doesn't allow women in its ranks). It was granted retroactively, and Travers is still to this day the only female légionnaire.
Bir Hakeim was a major moral boost for Free France, and brought the world's attention on the fact that some Frenchmen were still fighting. And with some success.
Later that year, the two Free French Brigades merged into the DFL and fought at
El Alamein, as the first of many waves to assault and crash against the Himeimat ridge, held by the supposedly weak Italians: they were the
Folgore paratroopers &
Trieste division. Just like the Free French had done at Bir Hakeim, those repelled anyone sent against them. The DFL managed to take a foothold only to be thrown back by a counter-attack, losing one of the Légion's greatest hero in this battle, Georgian Prince Amilakvari.
After El Alamein, the DFL was bled so much that it would take a year to refit it. It won't take part in the Tunisia nor Sicily campaigns (while Leclerc's small independant band will).
From 1943, with the whole of French Morocco, Algeria & Tunisia ralliying to Free France, the governement-in-exile was no more exiled and settled in Algiers.
Free France was officialy over, replaced by La
France Combattante (
Fighting France), although the early name stuck, and bolstered by a huge pool of recruits (both French from North Africa & "colonials"), allowing it to raise several divisions which will take a significant part in the Italian campaign and the landing in Southern France.
Unknown to most, we also fought the Japanese in two occasions: in 1941 when they invaded part of Indochina, and in 1945 when, after having occupied the country "peacefully", they made a coup and decapited (quite litteraly in many case) French military rule over that colony.
We also had a brief war with Thaïland in 1941.
