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@WPCSolver: Thanks very much for reading, my friend. You always give superb feedback. I hope this story proves entertaining as well as informative about the period. I haven’t decided how much Old English to include in this one, but it does seem like an obvious thing to do given the subject matter.

As for “‘Merica,” you’ll find that there’s more in common there than you might expect. The founding fathers looked back to the Anglo-Saxons as both their direct ancestors and the progenitors of their freethinking ideals. George Washington had a painting of Alfred the Great in his home at Mt. Vernon, and Thomas Jefferson wanted to put the warlords Hengest and Horsa on the great seal of the United States!
 
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@WPCSolver:As for “‘Merica,” you’ll find that there’s more in common there than you might expect. The founding fathers looked back to the Anglo-Saxons as both their direct ancestors and the progenitors of their freethinking ideals. George Washington had a painting of Alfred the Great in his home at Mt. Vernon, and Thomas Jefferson wanted to put the warlords Hengest and Horsa on the great seal of the United States!

That's an interesting bit of trivia! I would intuitively think that ~5th century Saxon warlords have little to do with the freedom-centric ideology of the early US, so this is interesting to read.
 
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@WPCSolver: Yes, it's remarkable, isn't it? I think it had to do with Hengest and Horsa being the first of the Angles/Saxons/Jutes to leave their continental homeland and seek a new life in Britannia, just as the colonists had left Britain to do the same in America. IMHO, it also had to do with how the Anglo-Saxons had elective monarchies, which is essentially what the US has (albeit with term limits now). The electoral college is basically a modern Witenagemot. There is definitely some emulation there on the part of the founding fathers, albeit they had a very romanticized view of Saxon history and culture.
 
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@WPCSolver: Here's a little bit more on the committee that designed the US Great Seal. As with the committee to produce the Declaration of Independence, the luminaries Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson took center stage. Here is what they proposed:

Adams favored the figure of Hercules, contemplating images of Virtue and Sloth, but admitted this was "too complicated a group for a seal or medal, and it is not original."

Franklin produced a biblical scheme: "Moses standing on the Shore, and extending his Hand over the Sea, thereby causing the same to overwhelm Pharaoh who is sitting in an open Chariot, a Crown on his Head and a Sword in his hand. Rays from a Pillar of Fire in the Clouds reaching to Moses, to express that he acts by Command of the Deity."

Jefferson's ideas were similar to Franklin's. But in addition to the emblem of Moses and Pharaoh, Jefferson proposed, on the reverse, "Hengist and Horsa, the Saxon chiefs from whom we claim the honor of being descended, and whose political principles and form of government we have assumed."
(source, emphasis added)

Not what you'd expect, is it? :p
 
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@WPCSolver: Here's a little bit more on the committee that designed the US Great Seal. As with the committee to produce the Declaration of Independence, the luminaries Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson took center stage. Here is what they proposed:

Adams favored the figure of Hercules, contemplating images of Virtue and Sloth, but admitted this was "too complicated a group for a seal or medal, and it is not original."

Franklin produced a biblical scheme: "Moses standing on the Shore, and extending his Hand over the Sea, thereby causing the same to overwhelm Pharaoh who is sitting in an open Chariot, a Crown on his Head and a Sword in his hand. Rays from a Pillar of Fire in the Clouds reaching to Moses, to express that he acts by Command of the Deity."

Jefferson's ideas were similar to Franklin's. But in addition to the emblem of Moses and Pharaoh, Jefferson proposed, on the reverse, "Hengist and Horsa, the Saxon chiefs from whom we claim the honor of being descended, and whose political principles and form of government we have assumed."
(source, emphasis added)

Not what you'd expect, is it? :p
Franklin's idea is interesting because another popular American idea at the time was that pre-monarchic Israel was "the first republic" (an idea originating in Locke of all places, if memory serves), which, of course, tied in very nicely with the Puritan idea of New-England-turned-America as "the New Israel." This supposed Hebrew Republic was, along with the Roman and Greek republics, the Anglo-Saxon things, and the writings of John Locke, one of the major models for the American Republic. For all its espousal of rationalism, the Enlightenment truly produced some fascinating romantic ideas.
 
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@Emissary of the Prophets: Well said. Just as western civilization in general is based on a pastiche of Enlightenment perceptions of Greco-Roman philosophy, Hebrew theology/ideology, and the 18th/19th century perception of the Anglo-Saxon legacy, the USA in particular was founded on a mishmash of these ideas.
 
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@Emissary of the Prophets: Well said. Just as western civilization in general is based on a pastiche of Enlightenment perceptions of Greco-Roman philosophy, Hebrew theology/ideology, and the 18th/19th century perception of the Anglo-Saxon legacy, the USA in particular was founded on a mishmash of these ideas.
So what you're saying is the USA is the Frankenstein's monster of Israel, Saxon England, Rome and Greece. Makes sense!
 
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@Nikolai: In a manner of speaking -- not so grotesque of course, but "American civil religion," the foundation of early modern American culture, is absolutely a pastiche of those things.
 
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So what you're saying is the USA is the Frankenstein's monster of Israel, Saxon England, Rome and Greece. Makes sense!
Or rather, their poor understanding of these things :p.
 
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@Flinteroon: Lest we be too harsh on them, we should recall that they did not have access to the copious resources or nuanced methodologies of modern scholarship, so in many cases they did the best they could with what they had.
 
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Excellent start, AP! Thanks for giving me the heads up – I’m looking forward to seeing who ends up profiting, ultimately, from the old letch’s death (surely not those who instigated it…)

And as a North Mercian by birth (albeit an exiled Cymry by parentage – what was it you were saying about intermarriage?:p) I’m loving the historical appendices too. Lovely deconstruction of what should be a very familiar world. Keep it coming!
 
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@DensleyBlair: Thanks for reading! I’m glad the setting has some resonance for you. I’m looking forward to hearing your insights about what some of these old Mercian places are like today. I’m sure a lot has changed in 1,200 years.
 
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@Flinteroon: Lest we be too harsh on them, we should recall that they did not have access to the copious resources or nuanced methodologies of modern scholarship, so in many cases they did the best they could with what they had.
As a reader who resides in Greater Vinland, I suppose I should feel privileged and lucky that we managed to muddle along to this stage, despite the fact that the political discourse has devolved to what it is and no one ever seems to reference John Locke these days. (Except in the commentary of an AAR, of all places! Thank you @Emissary of the Prophets , for that.)
 
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@Chac1: Indeed, very well said. I too reside in Greater Vinland, although I’m first generation on one side. My immediate ancestors are from Bryhthelmestun and Cennrígmonaid in Britannia, while my direct patrilineal lineage is from the Holy Roman Empire. With regard to the current political dark age, suffice it to say they don’t make ‘em like they used to. We could definitely do with a bit more Locke and a lot less of… well, a lot of things.
 
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Chapter 1 is about halfway done. In the meantime, I've added our new king's portrait to the front page. (The miserable old git!) I've also added appropriate Old English bynames for both of the kings we've had so far. Bonus points to anyone who can correctly guess their meaning! :D
 
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Gamol = old. Gammel is old in modern Norwegian. :)

Swica = traitor. Sviker is traitor in modern Norwegian. :)
 
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@The Kingmaker I am caught up and awaiting the next update.

I don't make it in to CK AARs much because I don't know the game nor the period very well. I am vaguely aware of the Roman period, Arthurian legends, civil war and restoration, Henry VIII and Elizabeth, the Wars of the Roses, and that's about it up to the 1700s. I expect to learn as much from this as I do from @coz1 's War of the Roses AAR. :D

Rensslaer
 
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@Rensslaer: Thanks very much for reading! I hope the story is both informative and entertaining for you. The period in which this story takes place is often overlooked by modern audiences in favor of the High Middle Ages several centuries later, but the events of this era were absolutely foundational--the powerful nation-states of yesteryear might not have existed at all had the events of the eighth through eleventh centuries played out just a little bit differently. I look forward to hearing your thoughts as you're introduced to some of these colorful individuals for the first time!
 
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Chapter One: The Maiden
CHAPTER ONE: THE MAIDEN

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“Æthelbald, king of the Myrcna, was treacherously slain at night by his bodyguards in shocking fashion. Beornræd came to the throne…”
- Continuatio Bædæ, entry for A.D. 757

Music: The Traitor King

17 September, A.D. 757
Rumcofan, Wreocensæte


A keen-eyed scout found the maiden adrift in a small wooden boat without oars or sails. Her lips were dry and cracked, her fair features sunburned yet wan, and her mud-spattered hair and gown smelled of saltwater.

The warband brought her ashore and one of them carried her through the charred remains of the town and its inhabitants, her flaming tresses mirrored in the still-glowing cinders.

The young woman managed to choke down some watered-down ale and a few mouthfuls of porridge at their camp before she finally spoke.

“What happened here?” asked their leader, “Who did this to you, girl?”

“Beornræd,” she coughed at last, her eyes full of anger and grief, “The townsfolk wouldn’t give him… the treasure he sought.”

“And what treasure was that?”

“Me,” she said simply, “He said his men would return in… three days’ time to see if hunger and thirst had changed my mind… if I lived at all.” She soothed another bout of coughing with a long draught of ale. “…That was two nights ago.”

The headman’s eyes widened. “Break camp!” he called over his shoulder, “We ride within the hour!” His men immediately began striking their tents and packing their saddlebags. The young woman stared past the guardsmen blankly at the smoldering ruins of the town.

“Come, Lady,” frowned the captain, placing his own cloak around her shoulders, “We must take you to the Lord Offa with haste.”

***

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19 September, A.D. 757
Legaceaster, Wreocensæte


Ealdorman Offa’s camp was almost two days’ ride to the southwest, within the old Roman walls of Legaceaster, but the scouts kept a strenuous pace. During their journey, the maiden seemed to recover a little of her strength. Her tongue was at least sufficiently loosened to reveal her name: Cynethryth, daughter of Cyneberht, a prominent ealdorman.

The walls of the famed City of Legions were an imposing sight, even broken and moss-covered as they were, although if Cynethryth was impressed she did not show it. In more recent times, the Ængelcynn had tried to shore up the ruins in places with wooden scaffolding, resulting in a shambolic warren of poles and beams where archers and lookouts scurried across narrow walkways.

Ealdorman Offa had established his headquarters in the stone shell of the old prætorium, which was still largely intact except for the roof, where the crumbling tiles had long since been replaced with thatch, and the mosaic floors, which had mostly worn away.

The flagstones felt cold and rough to Cynethryth’s bare feet, but she ignored it. She was just grateful to be out of the elements at last. Leaving the captain’s rain-soaked mantle to dry by the hearth, Cynethryth was led to meet her host.

Offa himself was a young man, and Cynethryth noted that he seemed just a few winters older than her own nineteen years. He was handsome enough, she thought, although merely average in height and build, with a tousled mop of hair and a short growth of beard on his cheeks and chin. His simple woolen tunic and breeches showed him to be a sensible lord, eschewing a noble’s frippery for more pragmatic garb, while the dark circles under his eyes betrayed the fact that he had not slept well for several days.

The ealdorman regarded her calmly, saying nothing, but taking in every inch of her bedraggled appearance, from her tangled auburn tresses to the torn and stained fabric of her shift. After a moment’s contemplation, he picked up a russet apple from a nearby basket, rubbed it softly on his tunic, and handed it to her.

“Eat,” he said gently, “They tell me you’ve experienced quite an ordeal.”

She accepted the gift demurely, but all pretenses at ladylike decorum fled the moment she bit into the succulent fruit, which she devoured ravenously the way that only the half-starved can.

“Better?” he prompted as she wiped the juice from her lips. She nodded gratefully.

“I am told you have suffered much at the hands of the traitor, Beornræd,” said the young ealdorman, “Please, Lady, you must tell me everything, no matter how grievous the telling.”

“I am not some weepy-eyed maid to be coddled,” protested Cynethryth, scowling a little, “There will be plenty of time for tears and mourning after I have avenged the fallen. I am now the last of my father’s house... all are slain.”

“All?” Offa asked simply, shock and dismay showing plainly on his face.

“All,” she answered firmly, her scowl turning to a pained grimace, “Father, mother, my brothers and their wives, even their children down to the youngest babes in arms. Our hall is burned, our ceorls enslaved, our lands laid waste. I escaped and fled wherever I could, but the monster followed me, and the poor people of Rumcofan paid with their lives for sheltering me.”

“Yet he spared you?”

“He seeks to make me his consort,” she spat, “To strengthen his weak bloodline with my own. As if I could ever join hands with the man who made me watch while he slew my loved ones. He plans to purge Icel’s line of all who could challenge him for the throne.”

“If you are of the Iclingas, then we are kin,” said Offa, his hazel eyes murky, “I grieve with you, and good conscience dictates that I must offer you my protection and aid.”

“I thank you,” she answered, “But except for food, raiment and the warmth of your fire, I require no protection but a coat of sturdy mail, and no aid save a good steel blade, for there is fǽhþu between my house and the Beorningas until the murderer’s head is stricken from his shoulders and my father’s wergild is paid in blood!” Cynethryth realized she was clenching the fabric of her shift. She slowly relaxed her fists.

The hint of a smirk swiftly fled from Offa’s face as he realized the lady’s pledge was made in earnest. “You shall have all that you ask and more, my Lady. Tell me, is there no one remaining of your bloodline who would join swords with us against the traitor?”

“I have an uncle who may yet live,” answered Cynethryth, “Cuthberht, my father’s brother. I have not seen him since I was very young, but I recall him being tall and strong. A mighty warrior. The last I heard, he dwells among the Middel Ængle.”

“I shall send my swiftest riders at once,” said Offa, “Both to warn him of Beornræd’s treachery and to call his house to arms. In the meantime, I will have my men provide you with lodgings of your own within the hall. Please try and rest. There will be much to do come sunrise.”

“Thank you, my Lord,” Cynethryth bowed as gracefully as she could before leaving Ealdorman Offa to his thoughts.

There would be dark days ahead.

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***​

Author’s Note: King Æthelbald's murder led to civil war in Mierċe. Since the king had no heirs of his own, it fell to Ealdorman Offa, his cousin’s grandson, to pick up his banner and seek justice for his murder. He is mentioned quite a bit in the chronicles and we are sure to see more of him as the story continues.

The Lady Cynethryth’s true origins, on the other hand, are shrouded in mystery. A twelfth century legend claims that she was a disgraced Carolingian princess who was set adrift at sea and carried all the way to Wales, but this story is an unmitigated fairy tale. A much more likely theory is that she was a woman of noble birth from the Mercian “C” dynasty, whose dithematic names all begin with prefixes similar to hers. Cyneberht was a Mercian ealdorman during the reign of Æthelbald about whom little is known, but given his similar name, a blood connection with Cynethryth is at least feasible. Even so, the fairy story of the maiden set adrift at sea was too compelling to dispense with altogether, so I blended the two tales into what I flatter myself is an intriguing origin story for this chapter’s protagonist.

This chapter also introduces a few key Anglo-Saxon concepts that we will most definitely see again: fǽhþu, or “blood-feud,” and wergild, or “man-price.” In cases of murder, manslaughter, or accidental death, the guilty party would pay the dead man’s wergild to his next of kin as a legal reparation for the bloodshed. Failure to do so would result in fǽhþu, where the dead man’s relatives legally sought their own private, Old Testament-style justice; in other words, “life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for wound,” to quote the Book of Exodus. It was a frightening time to be alive.

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