Chapter 120: In the Balance (1 to 4 April 1941)
Prologue
While Op KURT SÜRÜSÜ PLUS continues in the Balkans and there is a great deal of action and manoeuvre, the reports will stick to shorter periods. In
Ankara, preparations have been quietly progressing for a
very important surprise visitor. You might say the
Red Carpet will be rolled out! The Foreign Ministry has pulled out all the stops – our two intrepid officials have not been further harassed by Kaya’s secret police but are too busy for their customary coffee break. And Perse has been madly racing to get the special edition of the
Istanbul Times completed, ensure thousands of new Glorious Union flags are produced and a new idea for propaganda efforts devised. She's thinking of a good old derivative stalwart: the War Bonds poster!
Mike Ceylan has returned to Zurich and to confer with Cennet, who has recovered from her recent ordeals and is ready for a new assignment. Meanwhile, Kelebek frequents some of the high – and low – spots of Monte Carlo. It is not difficult to find corrupt and venal souls there, which he finds helps both with business
and pleasure (which are really one in the same for him/it).
But in the Balkans, there is a war to fight – and furiously at that.
1 Apr 41
As the day starts, Inönü has a map from late the night before in front of him as he flies into the military air strip at
Kraljevo, fresh from a whirlwind trip back to
Ankara for a very important meeting the evening before. He must be ready for another torrid day of fighting. The map shows the situation in the north of the Op KURT SÜRÜSÜ PLUS salient. While some Hungarian units are attempting to flee the 'Senta Pocket' via
Kanjiza, the Hungarian 6th Div still attacks
Ada to the south. The ends of the two Turkish mechanised pincers are paused in
Subotica (1 Cav Div) and
Sânnicolau Mare (1 Mot Div), forced to reorganise after their recent attacks to take those provinces. This means they are as yet unable to seal off the pocket, but the Turks hope to do so.
Word came through at midnight
[well, I discovered it as I was going through the ORBAT looking for any generals I might divert to a new command I was setting up] that the Soviets had transferred another rifle division as an expeditionary force, again in Iran, where it was heading east. It was ordered to turn around and head to
Istanbul instead!
With five divisions in the Balkan theatre without a designated corps commander, a new Corps HQ is set up and forces assigned from Army, Army Group and Supreme HQ command and put under Inönü’s 1st Army. It is hoped a suitable commander can be found for it without stripping one from a key frontline division – qualified commanders are scarce in the Glorious Union.
While 1 Cav Div reorganises, 5 and 12 Inf Divs are ordered to
Subotica so the bridgehead can be held - and they might be able to either break into open country or assist with an attack on
Kanjiza.
The President looks at the headlines from the morning paper as he has a quick breakfast: the visit by the leader of his main ally was a great acknowledgement of Turkey’s standing and continued the good will that has emanated from the successful (and virtually bloodless) Turkish-Soviet campaign to snatch Saudi Arabia from Axis clutches and the continuing Turkish offensive in the Balkans.
Stalin had promised to keep up the fight but could make no such guarantees about his forces in Romania being able to match the attacks of the Turks. He was concerned about the Romanian’s ability to hold the line and the threat of a German counter-attack. The Red Army has seen way too much of them further north: he would not say it, but Inönü thought his counterpart feared that reaction and remained of a defensive mindset. Stalin was also not sanguine about the situation in the Far East: the dreaded two-front war was clearly not an easy thing to fight. He had, however, agreed to offer a second rifle division for Turkish use as a gesture of good will. It had been diverted from reinforcing the Far East and would now be heading to
Istanbul, either for use in the Balkans, or perhaps another joint naval landing operation.
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Later than morning, Orbay’s 1 Inf Div arrived in
Sânnicolau Mare, joining 1 Mot Div. Though it would take
more than four days to reorganise after its attack. Not for the first time, Inönü cursed the backward Turkish doctrine that so delayed their ability to maintain attacking momentum, especially when he didn’t have sufficient forces to keep back-up units ‘rolling through’ after a successful attack.
The remainder of the day was spent either in manoeuvre or impatiently waiting for lead elements to reorganise and resume the attack.
2 Apr 41
“One this is One-One Charlie. Under heavy attack by German panzer-grenadiers who are attacking in divisional strength from the north-west. Request support. Out.”
To add to the delay and frustration, a division of German panzer-grenadiers, which must have been rushed form the north and put under Hungarian command to try to limit the breakthrough, arrived in
Szeged and immediately started attacking 1 Cav Div in
Subotica. Their clear aim was to try to push back, or at least delay, the Turkish western pincer. It was a substantive attack in open country. Two more Turkish divisions were already on their way from the south-east in
Srboban but would take some time to arrive. Meanwhile, 1 Mot Div in
Sânnicolau Mare had run out of fuel (even while it was still also reorganising)!
The perils of the advance with old doctrine and creaking logistic support, the President thought to himself.
In response to this, 8 and 10 Inf Divs were ordered to attack
Senta directly, in the hope that it might pin in place the units already on the move to leave.
A by-product of that assault was to force the almost spent Hungarian 6th Div to finally break off its long-running attack on
Ada [they would have been suffering the 50% attack/defend penalty for a couple of hours]. They had suffered heavy casualties in the attempt, though Turkish casualties were also reasonably substantial.
And an hour after
that, another contact report comes in, this time from 2 Inf Div, guarding the western flank of the offensive:
“Hungarian infantry attacking from two directions. Under heavy pressure – some forward positions have fallen. Need reinforcement. Out.”
In response, 7 Inf Div, which had just arrived in
Novi Sad, was ordered straight on to
Kula in hopes of helping them to fight off this dangerous assault.
In
Subotica, 1 Cav Div was coming under sustained pressure from MAJGEN Geib’s ground assault, while Italian tactical bombers had also made a reappearance. Wehib Pasha’s men were not fully dug in yet: this could be a difficult battle.
By 5pm that evening, the Soviet (EF) 156 SD had arrived in
Ad Dammam. They would wait for 3 Cav Div to arrive and then be picked up for transport back to the Med. And there was some more promising news from
Subotica: Axis air raids continued, as did the German attack, but the advantage of defence was starting to blunt the attack and 5 and 12 Inf Divs had just arrived. If they could reinforce the front line, it should turn the battle decisively. But it was all still delaying the Turkish advance. To the south, the battle in
Kula raged on, slightly in the Hungarians’ favour, while to the east the Turkish attack on
Senta had almost succeeded.
Three air raids by Italian and then Hungarian tactical bombers on
Subotica that day killed 255 Turkish troops.
3 Apr 41
“Victory in
Senta, Milli Şef!” exclaimed an excited orderly as he entered the President's office.
The news greeted him just as he was preparing to turn in after a very long day. This would at least allow him to sleep a little more comfortably.
“Four Hungarian divisions are in various stages of exiting from
Senta to
Kanjiza.”
Yes, thought Inönü,
but the problem is we still haven’t been able to close off the gap, or even commence an attack on Kanjiza. Can we do it before they all escape? These were his last thoughts as he lapsed into an exhausted but fitful sleep, shortly after midnight.
As he woke, after about four hours of restless sleep, there were a couple of reports waiting for him. The first filled him with foreboding: A German light panzer division, under Hungarian command, had counter-attacked the Soviets in the 'Arad Gap', taking than province from them, in turn threatening
Sânnicolau Mare and
Timisoara. In addition, even though the Romanians had secured one province from Hungarian occupation, they had done so at the cost of
Cluj!
Dej was also about to fall and the next province to its north-east had already been taken. And there was a large block of Axis units south of
Debrecen, moving west and south. So much for any ideas of a grand Soviet and Romanian breakthrough to complement the Turkish offensive. The opposite seemed to be occurring.
In
Kula, the situation had improved a little, with 2 Inf Div resisting strongly. They should be able to hold well until reinforced by 7 Inf Div, though the fight remained evenly balanced. But at 4am, Hungarian air strikes started there, as well as the same rate of air attack being kept up in
Subotica. The two recovering Turkish fighter wings were in no position to intercept these raids, given it must be assumed the Hungarian ‘super group’ of five interceptor wings was still operating in the vicinity.
Inönü considered the situation. The setbacks of their partners in Romania and the increasing pressure from Hungarian counter-attacks, backed by the first appearance of German panzer and panzer-grenadier divisions, meant the heady dream of seizing
Budapest and knocking Hungary out of the war was just that: a dream. The Comintern would have to be happy with concluding this additional phase of the current offensive, hope to bag a few Hungarian divisions in
Senta and inflict some more casualties on the Axis before hunkering down again. Disappointing perhaps, but the operation had already exceeded his expectations and had surely helped the overall war effort. The thought of what might have already happened in Romania if not for this intervention made the President uneasy.
“Tell all our forces to keep fighting to hold the flanks of the advance and try to get to
Kanjiza before the fleeing Hungarians can: the more we get now, the fewer we have to fight later. Press on, my countrymen! The offensive continues!”
As if to confirm his inner thoughts and fears, the next contact reports came from 1 Mot and 1 Inf Divs in
Sânnicolau Mare.
From 1 Inf Div: “Elements of the Hungarian 13th Div commenced attacking from the north-west at 10am. To the east, their 14th Div has reached Kanjiza.”
From 1 Mot Div: “Recon confirms German armour massing to the north-east in Arad. They seem to be reorganising. Will report when more is apparent about their intentions.”
It seemed German doctrine for the attack was (not surprisingly) far more advanced than Turkey’s: just two hours later, another report was received from MAJGEN Kanatli’s 1 Mot Div:
“Contact, German tanks – Panzer IIIs – and infantry assaulting from the north-east. We are coming under heavy pressure, out!”
Not only had they joined the attack quickly after reorganising in
Arad, but they had immediately reinforced the front line on arrival. This turned a weak infantry attack on one axis into a more powerful combined arms assault from two directions. The Turks defending there may be hard pressed just to hang on, let alone attack
Kanjiza when ready. The Hungarian 14th Div had already begun to extricate itself from
Kanjiza and their comrades followed on from
Senta.
On receipt of this news, the Turks became alert to the potential vulnerability of
Timisoara should the Axis counter-attack get up a head of steam. 8 Inf Div was ordered to stop its follow-up into
Senta and start digging in instead. 10 Inf Div would continue forward from
Kikinda to
Senta alone.
At 6pm, 7 Inf Div arrived to reinforce
Kula – and just as well. Casualties had been roughly even to that point but the arrival of the
Turkish reinforcements had caused the Hungarians to break off their attack. A small tactical victory, though better than none.
To the north, in
Subotica, the day’s fighting had turned increasingly in Turkey’s favour. The German 4th Light Div was now becoming disorganised. But though the battle was turning, eyes were also on the Hungarian units madly trying to escape the trap they were in.
With
Kula now secure, Gürler’s 6 Inf Div, still recovering organisation after its long and difficult defence of
Ada, was ordered north to reinforce
Timisoara. If its previous garrison of 1 Mot and 1 Inf Divs were forced to retreat, the relatively lightly armed 8 Inf Div may have a hard time holding that key defensive point of the
Yeniçeri Line alone. It would take a while for Gürler to arrive there and then begin digging in, so they had better get moving now. Who knew what they would find in front of them by the time they arrived!
Another three Hungarian air raids in
Subotica that day had caused 277 casualties, while three more in
Kula has caused 272. Not catastrophic - but enervating nonetheless.
OTL Event: Berlin, Germany. Hitler issued Directive No. 26, “Co-operation with our Allies in the Balkans”.
4 Apr 41
The traditional midnight raid apprehended another Vichy French spy trying to make his way over the border from Syria. His interrogation revealed no new information about ‘The Thorn’: the Vichy regime would not be privy to British espionage operations in Turkey.
In
Sânnicolau Mare, 2nd Pz Div had entered the battle reorganised from its previous attack, but clearly still not fully recovered from its fight for
Ada. But Hungarian air raids, this time from a CAS wing, had begun and the attack showed no sign of slackening.
At this point, LTGEN Yamut moved his own HQ 3rd Corps towards
Timisoara as well: the AT and AA brigades attached should provided some back-up should it come to a defence of the city.
“One this is One-One Charlie: enemy attack defeated; they are withdrawing north-west! Post attack reorganisation complete. We are immediately going in to attack Kanjiza, along with call-sign One-Five. Saldır!”
12 Inf Div would stay to defend
Subotica, while the other two divisions made an all-out push to try to seize
Kanjiza before the rest of the Hungarians could escape. And perhaps also to rescue their comrades in
Sânnicolau Mare.
[NB: for some reason there was no report from this battle; I can only hope the enemy casualties were significant.]
Shortly after this report, enemy air efforts switched from
Kula to support the attack in
Sânnicolau Mare, while
Subotica continued to be hit during the rest of the day.
Back in
Ankara, the dashing exploits of the T-28 tank crews of 1 Cav Div have inspired some propaganda artwork from Perse’s team: prints would be given to everyone who bought war bonds for the next week.
By 10am, the battle for
Kanjiza had started. A second Hungarian division had already made it into the province by then – only two were left ‘in the bag’. Because they were attacking over a river, the odds were actually not that good and the enemy’s 14th Div was still fresh – though not dug in.
Many thousands of kilometres away, 3 Cav Div had finally returned, victorious, to
Ad Dammam: the fleet was summoned to pick up both divisions.
“A report from the STAVKA, Milli Şef,” offers GRU liaison Agent SkitalecS3. “Activity in the Northern Sector.”
“Good news?” asks Inönü, with a wry smile.
“Alas, no. The fascist scum press on.
Other than in Romania, the rest of the Patriotic Front is holding up all right in the Centre and South. For now.”
No doubt a wise qualification from the GRU man, thinks the President to himself.
In
Kanjiza, the Hungarians decide to give up after a short battle: casualties are light on both sides. The Hungarians are clearly more intent on evacuating than standing and fighting. This at least will speed the Turkish advance.
Just an hour later, the battered 4th Div makes its way out of
Senta, to briefly contest
Kanjiza with the advancing Turkish spearhead. This leaves only the 6th Div still escaping from
Senta.
The reports keep rolling in: an hour later, Yamut (as both Army Chief and Commander 3rd Corps) relays news from
Sânnicolau Mare: it seems they may not need rescuing after all. They have defeated the Axis attack and seen off the German 2 Pz Div. Huzzah!
In the Arabian GNR, the 1st Fleet has loaded the 3 Cav Div and 156 SD. They are ordered to rebase to
Antalya – within easy striking distance of
Rhodes, if that battle plan is reinstated. But a closer look would be required first.
The daily report on enemy air raids (all conducted by Hungary) is collated and provided that night: three raids on
Subotica had killed a further 251, while the three strikes on
Sânnicolau Mare made another 254 martyrs. But both Axis attacks failed in the end. There were no more major battlefield developments that night.
OTL Event: North Africa. The Germans and Italians retook Bengasi. Will the Italians emulate that in this ATL? We will find out soon.
OTL Event: Berlin, Germany. Hitler issued Directive No. 27, “Plan of Attack on Greece”. He may have something similar in mind in this ATL but has plenty of fighting in front of him if he wants to get there!
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Meanwhile, in
Kraljevo, Inönü considers the reports summarising combat around the world over the last four days. Of course, his main focus is on the rest of the Patriotic Front – though he has already been given a heads-up on the worst of the recent developments. The Northern Sector and Romania are looking shaky. But the Central Sector – after days of reverses – has largely stabilised. The Southern Sector – once the biggest immediate worry, with the open plains of the Ukraine ripe for German panzer warfare – has been secure for the last four days.
All seems quiet in Libya – the Italians must be asleep at the wheel! Either that or the Royal Navy has strangled their supply lines and they can’t muster the supplies or force to take
Bengasi.
The Far East has only changed a little, but what has is a worry: that Japanese advance in Mongolia brings them next to the last remaining Mongolian VP city: if it falls, they will surrender. Though it is hoped any units actually in the Soviet Union at that stage (and that is quite a few) would fight on in exile. But it would still be a disaster and a nasty distraction for the Soviets as summer approaches on the Patriotic Front.
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Coming Up: As so often before, the war, while showing some promising signs, remains in the balance. Can the Turks trap at least one Hungarian division in
Senta, or will the whole prize slipped through their fingers? Will our Mongolian partners remain in the fight, or will the Far East go from bad to worse? What will Inönü do when the second phase of OP KURT SÜRÜSÜ PLUS is resolved, one way or the other? Will he need to start dusting off those defence-in-depth plans after all, if Romania continues to slowly fail – as France did before it? And as spring progresses and moves inexorably towards summer, will the Soviets be able to hold the line, or will the two-front war be a bit too much for them to handle, even with Turkish support?
AuthAAR’s Note: I have another three days played and screen-shot, but there was too much for one episode, so that will come out in a little while.