Could the rebellions cause a crack-down on religious minorities?...
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Oh dear. Bad things might be on the horizon, especially if spiritual unity is not preserved, given how diverse the Empire is.
And a regency and the rise of a pretender. This does not bode well.
And a regency and the rise of a pretender. This does not bode well.
Spartokos XII (1533 AD – 1541 AD) – Part I
Spartokos XII's ascension to the throne in January 1533 AD marked the end of the regency period in the Tauric Empire. The young ruler, only sixteen years old, displayed leadership qualities from the very first days of his reign that surpassed his age and experience.
His meticulous education at the court in Satyria—encompassing both military arts and political sciences—shaped him into a self-assured monarch, capable of making swift and well-considered decisions. By observing his mother, Nukdan Mansi, during her regency, Spartokos absorbed knowledge of diplomacy, statecraft, and military strategy, which provided him with a solid foundation for independent rule.
In the first weeks of his reign, the rebellion of Thrasykles Phocas erupted, challenging the young ruler’s claim to the throne and declaring himself emperor. Spartokos XII did not hesitate—he swiftly assembled a war council and entrusted command to seasoned generals while simultaneously consolidating political support among electors and nobility.
The response was rapid and decisive—the efforts of loyalist forces and the personal authority of the new ruler helped stabilize the situation in many provinces, though the conflict with Thrasykles persisted.
During the civil war, Spartokos XII’s betrothed, Sibel Tabangut, arrived in the capital. She was the daughter of Khan Biryus from a far-eastern vassal state of the Tauric Empire. Their union had been carefully arranged by Nukdan to further strengthen ties with loyal khanates in East Asia.
Sibel’s arrival in Satyria also held immense symbolic significance—it demonstrated the continuity of the Vamvaloudes dynasty and affirmed the young emperor’s aspirations to build a stable, multicultural monarchy. She was received with due honors, though unease lingered due to the unstable political climate.
The wedding of Spartokos XII and Sibel Tabangut took place in an atmosphere of tension—on one hand, it was a lavish ceremony reflecting the new ruler’s power and ambitions, yet on the other, it was overshadowed by civil war and the threat posed by the usurper. Nevertheless, the event was meticulously prepared and played a crucial role in shaping Spartokos XII’s image as a legitimate and strong ruler.
Thrasykles Phocas’s rebellion, which began shortly after Spartokos XII’s ascension in 1533 AD, proved to be merely a prelude to a far deeper crisis that shook the Tauric Empire in the early years of the new emperor’s reign.
Thrasykles, proclaiming himself as the self-styled ruler Thrasykles II Phocas, managed to gather significant forces and ignite an open civil war. Although his revolt was relatively quickly crushed by the seasoned strategos Antigonos Melisurgos, it exposed the fragility of the new Vamvaloudes dynasty and the weak foundations of Spartokos XII’s authority in many remote regions of the empire.
Between 1533 and 1535 AD, a series of local uprisings broke out in the regions of Karaganda and Pagaya Orda. The populace, particularly those of steppe and semi-nomadic origins, increasingly voiced discontent with centralization efforts and the imposition of Tauric administration. These revolts had a distinctly separatist character—demands ranged from greater autonomy to outright secession.
In Altyn in 1534 AD, a particularly brutal peasant revolt erupted, with its leaders demanding the abolition of taxes and the restoration of local customary laws. Despite a swift response from the authorities, pacifying the region took months and resulted in heavy civilian casualties.
The years 1535–1537 AD brought a new wave of crisis. In the province of Ishim, separatists attempted to break away from the empire, forming their own local councils and declaring independence from Satyria’s rule. Though seemingly minor, this uprising quickly spread, gaining support from neighboring clans.
In the spring of 1536 AD, Aksary experienced another outbreak of rebellion—this time driven by particularist interests. Local elites resisted the curbing of their prerogatives and sought to force a return to a more feudal governance model. The emperor and Antigonos Melisurgos were forced to divide their troops and resources to quell the spreading unrest.
By the autumn of 1536 AD, the situation reached a critical point when a religiously motivated rebellion erupted in Ekibastuz. The local Manichaean population viewed the imperial authorities’ actions as an assault on their religious identity.
The government in Satyria had not only sought to integrate these provinces administratively but also promoted a syncretic form of imperial cult, which was perceived as an imposition of heresy. The Manichaean revolt took a dramatic turn—imperial temples were burned, loyalists were subjected to mass executions, and the region remained outside the capital’s control for several months.
Despite the imperial army’s efforts and the steadfast leadership of Antigonos Melisurgos, successive uprisings drained the resources of the Grand Duchy of Taurica. Infrastructure in the rebellious regions was devastated, and trust in the central authority significantly weakened.
Many contemporary historians argue that Spartokos XII’s rule hung by a thread, with his authority—both in the capital and the provinces—eroding steadily.
Ultimately, this series of tragic and bloody events marked the beginning of an internal crisis that only intensified in 1537 AD. Later chroniclers would refer to this period as the "Crisis of the Early Vamvaloudes Dynasty."
In March 1537 AD, a rebellion broke out in the province of Ikrat among the local nobility, whose discontent had been simmering since the start of Spartokos XII’s reign. The revolt was fueled by both the young ruler’s push for centralization and the curbing of feudal privileges, a policy initiated under Gorgippos V.
The nobility of Ikrat, with strong local influence, saw the emperor’s actions as a direct threat to their autonomy. The rebellion quickly spread across several fortresses and estates, with rebel leaders declaring their intent to "restore the ancient rights of the estates."
Less than a month later, in April 1537 AD, unrest also erupted in the province of Simbirsk, where peasants, disillusioned by rising taxation and serfdom obligations, rose in open revolt. Noble estates and tax offices were burned. Both rebellions posed a challenge to Spartokos XII, forcing him to divert military resources to internal conflicts, further deepening the crisis.
When the peasant uprising erupted in Simbirsk, Spartokos did not hesitate—he personally led the military campaign. Gathering 20,000 soldiers, he marched to crush the rebellion. By June, a confrontation occurred near the town of Velisk, where the peasant forces—undisciplined but numerous—initially halted the imperial advance. However, the experience and discipline of the imperial army ultimately prevailed.
Spartokos ordered a flanking maneuver and launched a frontal assault with heavy cavalry, shattering the peasant forces. Following the victory, the emperor did not settle for mere pacification.
To punish and deter future rebels, he imposed harsh reprisals—rebel leaders were publicly hanged, villages deemed supportive of the uprising were heavily fined and partially resettled, and permanent military garrisons were stationed in areas deemed prone to unrest.
Though order was restored, peasant loyalty was severely undermined, and tensions in the province remained high.
Meanwhile, the situation in Ikrat was equally dire. The rebellious nobility, capitalizing on chaos and poor harvests, mustered 15,000 men—many of them mercenaries and local fighters loyal to the anti-centralization factions.
Strategos Antigonos Melisurgos, a loyal companion of Droppidas II, was tasked with suppressing the revolt. Though commanding a force of 20,000, giving him numerical superiority, the terrain favored the rebels—the nobility knew Ikrat well and fortified positions near the strongholds of Kuma and Uyra.
In September 1537 AD, the decisive Battle of Ikrat took place. Melisurgos employed a feigned retreat to lure the enemy into a trap—a maneuver that succeeded, crushing the noble forces. After the battle, imperial troops besieged Kuma and Uyra. The sieges lasted weeks and were bloody, but the use of artillery eventually broke the defenders. Rebel leaders were sentenced to exile, execution, or confiscation of property.
Though both rebellions were crushed by November 1537 AD, the empire remained unstable. A harsh winter brought devastating famine, affecting many provinces of the Grand Duchy.
Starvation spread rapidly across rural and urban areas, triggering mass migrations and declining productivity. Despite financial strain, Spartokos XII ordered the release of treasury reserves to import grain from western regions and establish food depots.
While these measures did not entirely prevent tragedy, they earned the emperor some goodwill among the populace, who looked to the capital with both anxiety and hope for stability.
In 1538 AD, Spartokos XII responded to the famine and recurring peasant revolts by partially easing serfdom obligations. The reforms included reducing forced labor days, lowering natural taxes, and limiting corporal punishment.
This gesture of goodwill aimed not only to calm unrest but also to boost agricultural productivity, which had yet to recover from the disastrous harvests. While the peasantry welcomed the changes with relief, the nobility reacted with hostility.
By the summer of 1538 AD, the first signs of resistance emerged—local nobles in Majar, rallying around disgruntled families, assembled an 8,000-strong force. They declared the imperial reforms a threat to their ancient rights and freedoms. Spartokos acted swiftly, dispatching an army led by Antigonos Melisurgos.
In a short but intense campaign, the rebellion was crushed—the climactic Battle of Silvar Hills ended in a crushing defeat for the rebels. Their leaders were captured, and heavy fines and oaths of loyalty were imposed on the survivors.
Yet the greatest threat was still to come. In the autumn of 1538 AD, a far more serious rebellion erupted in Barnaul, quickly evolving into an organized conspiracy against the central authority. Nearly 50,000 people rose—a mix of rebellious nobles, disgruntled merchants, and others.
This revolt was anti-dynastic in nature, aiming to overthrow the Vamvaloudes dynasty and restore a magnate-dominated order. The rebels seized several strongholds, and their leaders proclaimed a provisional Barnaul Council. For Spartokos XII, this was the greatest test of his reign.
The civil war sparked by Lekun Dentoirs' conspiracy in Barnaul was the most devastating internal conflict during Spartokos XII's reign. It began in the autumn of 1538 AD and lasted until early 1540 AD, engulfing numerous provinces in Central Asia and Siberia.
Dentoirs, a powerful and experienced magnate from southern Barnaul, managed to assemble a surprisingly efficient and well-armed force composed of remnants of disgruntled nobility, deserting soldiers, and anti-imperial agitators. In the Battle of the Tura River in the spring of 1539 AD, his troops inflicted the first major defeat on the imperial forces, forcing Spartokos to retreat to Tobolsk.
In response, Spartokos XII gathered a new army and launched a prolonged campaign to reclaim the rebel-held territories. The decisive clash occurred in the summer of 1539 AD near Aley, where the royal army of 35,000 crushed Dentoirs' main forces in a bloody three-day battle. Despite their numerical disadvantage, the rebels fought with fanatical determination but were ultimately forced to retreat. The Battle of Aley became a turning point—the destruction of the rebel army opened the path to the heart of the rebellion: the city of Barnaul itself.
In the autumn of 1539 AD, the siege of Barnaul began. The city was heavily fortified, stocked with supplies, and defended by a garrison of over 12,000 soldiers. Spartokos XII opted for a strategy of attrition, cutting off the city from the outside world. The siege lasted through the winter and only ended in the spring of 1540 AD.
When the northern gates fell in March after relentless bombardment, imperial troops stormed the city. The street fighting was brutal—Barnaul was pacified, and the rebel leaders, including Dentoirs, were captured and executed.
The victory in Barnaul marked the end of the wave of rebellions that had plagued the Grand Duchy of Taurica since the death of Droppidas II. Spartokos XII proved himself not only a capable commander but also a resilient leader who prevented the collapse of the state.
Within a year of the rebellion's suppression, systematic restoration of order began—irregular troops were disbanded, administrative control was reasserted in the provinces, and the most rebellious regions were placed under direct military rule until 1541 AD. The emperor earned the reputation of "Restorer of Order," and his authority grew significantly.
Empress Sibel, born into the powerful Biryus Khan dynasty, demonstrated from the earliest days of her marriage to Spartokos XII a strong character, sharp intellect, and rare talent for effectively managing the court and imperial administration. Her role at the emperor's side was not merely ceremonial—she was a true co-ruler who could take charge in times of crisis.
While Spartokos led military campaigns in the field, Sibel maintained order in the capital, supervised officials, and managed wartime logistics. Her organizational skills kept the state functioning during its greatest internal turmoil.
Though their union was politically motivated, Spartokos and Sibel's relationship quickly evolved into a strong and enduring partnership. In the first years of their marriage, they welcomed a son, named Kephisodotos, to the joy of both the imperial elite and the common people.
The birth of an heir amid ongoing internal conflicts was seen as a symbol of hope and stability for the future of the Vamvaloudes dynasty. As the mother of the future ruler, Sibel gained even greater authority, and her voice carried increasing weight in matters of state.
One of the empress's most significant achievements was her sweeping administrative reform concerning the management of fiefdoms. Recognizing the danger posed by the autonomy of local elites and their frequent hostility toward the central authority, Sibel introduced the office of permanent imperial envoys.
These were loyal, well-educated officials, often from lower nobility or loyalist families, dispatched to major fiefdoms to observe, advise, report, and intervene if necessary.
Acting on behalf of the imperial chancellery, these representatives had direct access to the empress, emperor, or highest officials. Their presence in the fiefdoms significantly reduced the potential for plotting among local magnates, strengthened control over information flow, and allowed for quicker responses to potential unrest.
Though initially met with distrust by the traditional aristocracy, these reforms soon yielded stability and greater obedience to the central authority. Sibel's initiatives marked a major step toward building a more centralized and modern empire.
Despite the imperial army’s efforts and the steadfast leadership of Antigonos Melisurgos, successive uprisings drained the resources of the Grand Duchy of Taurica. Infrastructure in the rebellious regions was devastated, and trust in the central authority significantly weakened.
Many contemporary historians argue that Spartokos XII’s rule hung by a thread, with his authority—both in the capital and the provinces—eroding steadily.
Ultimately, this series of tragic and bloody events marked the beginning of an internal crisis that only intensified in 1537 AD. Later chroniclers would refer to this period as the "Crisis of the Early Vamvaloudes Dynasty."
Spartakos XII has done well to restore order within just a few years.
The victory in Barnaul marked the end of the wave of rebellions that had plagued the Grand Duchy of Taurica since the death of Droppidas II. Spartokos XII proved himself not only a capable commander but also a resilient leader who prevented the collapse of the state.
Within a year of the rebellion's suppression, systematic restoration of order began—irregular troops were disbanded, administrative control was reasserted in the provinces, and the most rebellious regions were placed under direct military rule until 1541 AD. The emperor earned the reputation of "Restorer of Order," and his authority grew significantly.
One of the problems with an empire so large is that a rebellion can occur just in one corner that is large enough to threaten the whole region, if not the whole empire.
And of course, going to that corner means everywhere else can have their own rebellion.
It does mean empire wide revolt is much harder to organise, but also can wear down a central regime unless they recover and prevent further unrest for as long as possible.
And of course, going to that corner means everywhere else can have their own rebellion.
It does mean empire wide revolt is much harder to organise, but also can wear down a central regime unless they recover and prevent further unrest for as long as possible.
It wouldn't be Taurica without a healthy number of revolts and "internal difficulties" 
This is actually all too true.It wouldn't be Taurica without a healthy number of revolts and "internal difficulties"
Spartokos XII (1541 AD - 1551 AD) – Part II
After the long period of internal conflicts and crisis had come to an end, Spartokos XII decided to devote all efforts to rebuilding the internal structures of the Grand Duchy of Taurica. The years 1541–1545 AD were a time of intense administrative work and economic reform, aimed at restoring stability, security, and public trust in state institutions.
The ruler, who proved himself not only an effective military leader but also a talented organizer, initiated numerous investments in the reconstruction of roads, cities, and border fortifications. He also sought to revive both domestic and foreign trade, which had suffered severe damage in the previous decade.
One of the most significant steps during this period was the establishment of the Central Bank of the Grand Duchy of Taurica. This institution, founded in 1542 AD, was tasked not only with stabilizing the currency and financing state investments, but also with serving as a tool to control the income of feudal lords, merchants, and magnates.
The bank, directly subordinate to imperial authority, was to issue official currency and grant loans under conditions set by central authorities. Its creation was part of a broader strategy of centralization and consolidation of power, aimed at subordinating financial institutions to the interests of the Vamvaloudes dynasty.
However, the creation of this new institution was met with criticism from certain members of the emperor’s advisory council, most notably Dikaios Iagaris—a powerful aristocrat and long-time counselor to the dynasty. Iagaris openly opposed the centralization of capital and argued that the new bank would become a tool of oppression against free merchants and traditional financial houses, which until then had enjoyed relative independence.
His stance not only undermined the emperor’s economic policy but was also perceived as an act of defiance in the broader context of restoring the throne’s authority. Spartokos XII, known for his ruthless intolerance of opposition to his rule, reacted swiftly and decisively. Iagaris was charged with betraying the state’s interests and attempting to sabotage the economic reform.
After a brief trial, widely regarded as a show trial, Dikaios Iagaris was executed in 1544 AD—a clear signal to the elite that the emperor would not tolerate resistance to his reconstruction program. Though controversial, Iagaris’s execution contributed to further consolidation of Spartokos's power and strengthened the position of the newly established central bank.
From 1541 to 1546 AD, Spartokos XII not only solidified his rule within the borders of the Grand Duchy of Taurica but also pursued an active and calculated diplomatic policy, particularly focused on the eastern frontiers of the empire. The regions of Siberia and Central Asia, dotted with smaller khanates and tribal domains, held immense strategic and commercial significance.
Spartokos understood that military expansion into these remote and fragmented territories would be costly and risky, so he opted for skillful diplomacy—based on bribery, dynastic marriages, autonomy guarantees, and the shrewd exploitation of internal disputes among local elites.
The first major success of this policy was the subjugation of the Khanate of Orgash in 1542 AD. A mission led by the experienced diplomat Leontios Tarponas was received with honor in the khanate’s capital. The Taurican delegation presented numerous gifts and offered a package of guarantees, including the preservation of local authority and military protection by the Grand Duchy in the event of external threats.
Additionally, a marriage was arranged between the local khan’s daughter and a relative of Spartokos, strengthening dynastic ties. As a result, Orgash recognized the Grand Duchy’s suzerainty and became an imperial fief.
In 1545 AD, Spartokos XII sent a similar mission to the Khanate of Shilka, located on the western shores of Lake Baikal. The khanate had long been plagued by internal instability due to clan rivalries and a contested succession following the death of the previous ruler.
The Taurican delegation, this time led by strategos Stephanos Kambanides, masterfully exploited this moment of weakness. By offering military support to one of the factions and lavish bribes to tribal leaders, Kambanides secured recognition of Spartokos XII’s overlordship by the new khan. The agreement allowed for limited autonomy, but taxes and military contingents were henceforth to be handed over to Taurica.
A particularly symbolic and significant event in this series of successes was the incorporation of the vassal state of Biryus in early 1546 AD. The ruler of Biryus, the elderly Khan Ulgudai, had long maintained close relations with the imperial court—his daughter was married to Spartokos XII.
On his deathbed, having no male heir, Ulgudai drafted a testament officially transferring his lands and people directly under the authority of the Grand Duchy. The entry of imperial troops into the capital of Biryus was unopposed, and the population accepted the new order with surprising calm—thanks to a long process of acclimatization and gradual integration.
The diplomatic missions dispatched by Spartokos XII were not only displays of power and influence but also proof of his skill in negotiation and long-term relationship-building. Many of these missions were prepared over months, involving teams of scholars, geographers, translators, and specialized officials.
Their actions were carefully documented, and every agreement meticulously recorded in the imperial chancery’s archives. This allowed Spartokos XII to consistently present himself not as a conqueror, but as a guarantor of order, a protector, and the rightful sovereign. As a result of these efforts, the borders of the Grand Duchy of Taurica significantly expanded eastward.
By the mid-1540s, news began to reach the capital of the Grand Duchy regarding significant economic and technological changes occurring in Europe. One of the most notable events of this period was a breakthrough in textile production methods, taking place in the Duchy of Agsburg. Artisans there, supported by local patrons, developed modern looms capable of faster and more precise weaving. These innovations not only increased production but also improved textile quality, which immediately enhanced the duchy’s export position in the markets of Western and Central Europe.
Reports of these changes sparked great interest at the court of Spartokos XII, who valued economic development in his own state. The first instructions were issued to imperial envoys in the West, instructing them to gather detailed information on new technologies and the possibilities of adapting them in the empire’s cities. The imperial chancery even considered inviting several masters from Agsburg to work in the duchy’s manufactories. Although the transfer of technology did not occur immediately, the very existence of such plans reflected Taurica’s growing interest in global industrial trends.
Alongside the news of innovations in Agsburg came more troubling reports from Western Europe and its overseas colonies. The geographic discoveries of recent decades—especially the new sea routes to India, the African coast, and the New World—had led to a massive increase in international trade.
However, these routes, poorly protected and often lacking permanent garrisons, became easy targets for pirates and privateers. Reports of attacks on merchant ships and plundering of coastal colonies became increasingly frequent.
From the perspective of the Empire, this threat seemed distant, but keen court observers noted that piracy began to affect the prices of certain imported goods, especially exotic spices, textiles, and precious metals. Spartokos XII ordered intensified monitoring of the situation in the ports of the Black Sea and began negotiations with certain trading states to safeguard the interests of Taurican merchants.
The age of exploration and colonization was increasingly impacting eastern empires, and Spartokos XII understood that the Empire’s role in this new era would depend on its ability to adapt and actively participate in the emerging global order.
A scandal that erupted at the imperial court in 1545 AD shook the Grand Duchy of Taurica’s court, though it did not directly affect the power structure. Empress Sibel, descended from the steppe khanate nobility, was caught by a young courtier performing ancestral veneration according to the old Turumic rituals—the traditional religion of her people. The ceremony, though symbolic and private, included incense burning and food offerings in a special prayer tent, which alarmed some more orthodox officials connected to the state religion—as well as simple folk.
News of the incident spread quickly among the populace and created a tense atmosphere. Part of the population perceived the Empress’s practices as a return to "barbarian" traditions and a potential threat to the religious unity of the state. Rumors circulated through Satyria, and some members of the imperial council began demanding an explanation.
Spartokos XII responded immediately and firmly. In a private decree, he declared that the rumors were exaggerated and unworthy of the court’s dignity, and that the Empress’s practices were merely a form of private family meditation, posing no challenge to the established religious order. The Emperor made it clear that any attempts to slander his wife would be treated as an attack on the unity of the dynasty and an effort to destabilize the state.
The Military Reform of Spartokos XII, carried out in the year 1547 AD, was the culmination of a multi-year process of transforming the army of the Grand Duchy of Taurica, which had begun as early as the end of 1541 AD. Following the experiences of internal civil wars and struggles with noble and peasant uprisings, the emperor was fully aware that maintaining stability in a vast and diverse state required not only administrative measures, but above all, a modern and loyal army.
Initially, the changes were organizational in nature—new recruitment principles were implemented, the chain of command was simplified, and special commissions were established to inspect the condition of garrisons. In the following years, the reform also encompassed technological changes. Spartokos XII ordered the purchase of large quantities of firearms, particularly arquebuses and wheel-lock pistols, which became the standard weaponry for the newly formed infantry and light cavalry regiments.
Each new unit was required to have standardized equipment, and officers underwent training in modern combat tactics. The light cavalry, previously armed mainly with bows and sabers, was now equipped with pistols, increasing its effectiveness at short range.
A notable element of the reform was the creation of a new type of heavy cavalry. These units, armed with long lances, sabers, rapiers, and pistols, were intended to serve as the strike force that would break through enemy lines. Their training took place in newly established military academies near Satyria and Tanais.
Alongside the development of heavy cavalry, the firearm infantry was also expanded. Arquebusiers, previously present only in a few select units, became the backbone of the imperial infantry. The use of modern formations such as tercio squares and firing lines was intended to ensure superiority over more traditionally equipped neighboring armies. To support the effectiveness of these formations, special ammunition depots and supply lines were established, operated by imperial logisticians.
An important aspect of the reform was the reorganization of logistics and provisioning. The imperial army transitioned from a model based on plunder and local levies to a more centralized supply system organized by the war chancellery. Every major campaign had to be approved along with a budget and supply plan. This meant that armies could operate more efficiently and independently of the whims of local communities.
As part of the reform, Spartokos XII also created an elite regiment of the Imperial Guard, permanently stationed in Satyria. Initially numbering 1,500 troops, this unit was not only ceremonial but also tasked with defending the imperial palace and capital in case of threat. These soldiers were recruited from the most loyal vassal families and the children of aristocracy, educated in a special program of military and ideological training.
The reform also included the expansion of fortifications and defense systems. Spartokos XII invested in the modernization of forts along the steppe borders. The fortresses were equipped with modern cannons cast in state foundries, and their permanent garrisons were reinforced. The experience of previous sieges and uprisings had shown that strong defensive infrastructure could determine the fate of an entire province.
Equally important was the introduction of a new command hierarchy. Generals and senior officers were required to undergo mandatory training at the War Academy, established in 1544 AD. Spartokos emphasized not only tactical skills but also loyalty to the dynasty. The reform limited the influence of local magnates on the army by centralizing command in the hands of the war chancellery and the emperor himself.
Finally, Spartokos XII ensured that the reform had a propagandistic dimension. Edicts praising the “new Imperial Army” were issued, military parades were organized in the capital, and a team of writers and artists was appointed to document the successes of the reform through songs, poems, and frescoes in palaces. The military reforms were not only a means of increasing the state's power but also a tool for building the ruler's authority as a reformer and strategist.
By the end of 1547 AD, the army of the Grand Duchy of Taurica had reached an unprecedented strength of 80,000 troops. It was not only the largest military force in the region but also one of the most modern and well-organized. Thanks to these reforms, Spartokos XII provided his state with a powerful instrument of foreign policy and internal security that would endure for generations.
The Campaign Against the Duchy of the Mugodzar Hills in March 1548 AD was the first test for the reformed army of the Grand Duchy of Taurica. Spartokos XII, wishing to verify the effectiveness of the reforms and demonstrate the strength of his rule, selected a small but strategically located target—the Duchy of the Mugodzar Hills, situated on the southern steppe border, known for its difficult terrain and local independence.
The emperor’s goal was swift and decisive action that would showcase the new army’s capabilities not only in terms of power but also mobility and discipline. The emperor personally commanded the main force, which numbered about 25,000 troops, including a significant portion of the new heavy cavalry and arquebusier regiments. The march began in the first days of March.
The success of this short campaign brought Spartokos XII not only prestige in the eyes of his neighbors but also enthusiasm among his own subjects. The reformed army proved capable of rapid military operations, effective fortress assaults, and offensive maneuvers in hostile terrain.
This campaign earned the nickname "lightning war" and was widely celebrated in chronicles, songs, and official propaganda decrees. It was a clear signal that the Grand Duchy of Taurica had entered a new era of imperial expansion.
The Summer Months of 1549 AD brought one of the most important events in the history of the Tauric Empire—the historic abolition of the election of the imperial throne and the formal establishment of a hereditary monarchy under the Vamvaloudes dynasty.
This decision was made at a grand assembly and imperial diet convened in Sporia, attended by all major vassals, princes, representatives of noble families, and hierarchs of Onomarchism. Spartokos XII, supported by the elite palace guard and a corps of loyal diplomats long embedded in the vassal states, used his political and military advantage to carry out this change without open conflict.
The diet began in a tense atmosphere. Some princes were inclined to support the change, but there were also many voices of opposition, especially from families whose power was rooted in the tradition of electing the emperor. Negotiations, debates, and behind-the-scenes agreements lasted for two weeks.
At a decisive moment, Spartokos XII appeared before the assembly with his young son and heir, Kephisodotos, at his side, declaring that the time of chaos and uncertainty was over. He emphasized the Vamvaloudes dynasty’s contributions to rebuilding the state, ending civil wars, and reforming the military and administration.
The emperor's speech, combined with the visible presence of the Imperial Guard around the assembly hall, convinced the undecided to support the proposed change. As a result, in late July 1549 AD, the Decree on the Hereditary Succession of the Imperial Crown was passed, abolishing the election system that had been in place since the late 14th century and establishing the imperial throne as hereditary, to be passed down to the descendants of Spartokos XII and his wife, Empress Sibel. The formal swearing-in ceremony of the decree took place in the imperial cathedral in the presence of clergy and nobility, and young Kephisodotos was officially recognized as heir to the throne.
Although many nobles lost their influence over the choice of the empire’s head, Spartokos XII ensured their loyalty by granting privileges, lands, and titles to those who supported the changes. Spartokos acted swiftly and decisively, aware that in such momentous times, he could not allow the authority of the crown to waver. Sibel, for her part, ensured the efficient management of documentation and communication with the vassals through the imperial chancellery.
The abolition of elections not only consolidated power in the hands of the Vamvaloudes dynasty but also marked a new chapter in the empire’s history—the beginning of an era of absolute monarchy, founded on dynastic law and modern administration. It was also a symbolically significant event: it ended nearly a quarter-millennium of electoral tradition. The Grand Duchy of Taurica and the entire empire began to be seen as one of the most stable states in the region.
The Mid-16th Century AD was marked not only by political and military transformations but also by the advent of a new era of communication—the age of print. This breakthrough began in Hibernia in the late 1540s, where scholars and craftsmen developed and introduced mechanical printing presses.
Although inspired by earlier experiments in other parts of the Continent, the invention gained real momentum only now, thanks to the expansion of workshops, the availability of parchment, and the reorganization of knowledge distribution channels. In a short time, the technology began to spread across the Western world, reaching even the Tauric court.
In the Tauric Empire, administrative and cultural reforms initiated by Spartokos XII created favorable conditions for the introduction of the printing press. In the 1550s, the first print shops were established in Satyria—initially focusing on reproducing legal documents, political treaties, and religious texts approved by the imperial chancellery. Printing became not only a tool of information but also of control: the state oversaw the content entering circulation, fearing the spread of rebellious ideas.
Spartokos XII, who had consistently strengthened the power of the state for years, died suddenly on February 11, 1551 AD during a military inspection in the southern provinces. A violent outbreak of dysentery swept through the military camp, affecting the crowded and fatigued soldiers. As always, reluctant to leave his men behind, the emperor remained with them until the end—at the cost of his own life. Despite the efforts of physicians and the rituals performed by priests, he could not be saved.
Spartokos XII died at not quite 34 years of age, but his reign went down in history as one of the most important—he brought stabilization, internal reforms, strengthened the Vamvaloudes dynasty, and carried out a fundamental reorganization of the state and its army. His sudden death did not shake the foundations of the empire he had built.
The throne, in accordance with the succession decree of 1549 AD, immediately passed to his son—the young Kephisodotos VII, who was fully prepared to assume power. Raised at court in an atmosphere of discipline, reform, and political responsibility, the young heir was seen as a fully competent successor.
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Brutality might not be helpful with convincing people to adopt your reforms, Spartokos...
However, the creation of this new institution was met with criticism from certain members of the emperor’s advisory council, most notably Dikaios Iagaris—a powerful aristocrat and long-time counselor to the dynasty. Iagaris openly opposed the centralization of capital and argued that the new bank would become a tool of oppression against free merchants and traditional financial houses, which until then had enjoyed relative independence.
His stance not only undermined the emperor’s economic policy but was also perceived as an act of defiance in the broader context of restoring the throne’s authority. Spartokos XII, known for his ruthless intolerance of opposition to his rule, reacted swiftly and decisively. Iagaris was charged with betraying the state’s interests and attempting to sabotage the economic reform.
After a brief trial, widely regarded as a show trial, Dikaios Iagaris was executed in 1544 AD—a clear signal to the elite that the emperor would not tolerate resistance to his reconstruction program. Though controversial, Iagaris’s execution contributed to further consolidation of Spartokos's power and strengthened the position of the newly established central bank.
That's obscenely large for an early modern army. Add up the levies and the rest of the Empire's troops, and the Empire might have more troops than the rest of Europe put together.
And the Empire becomes a bit more stable, and apparently has gotten a lot stronger and wealthier since the start of the Renaissance. Not bad, considering the civil wars and such. It's the begining of the end for the HRE though. Now active expansion and annexation westwards is also on the cards, rather than just eastwards.
Which means the rest of the great powers large and small of Europe, Asia and Africa cannot ignore Taurica anymore.
He died young, and his son may yet have a very lengthy reign. But hopefully the reign will be glorious as his father's.
Kephisodotos VII (1551 AD – 1564 AD)
Kephisodotos VII (aged 20), the eldest son of Spartokos XII, ascended the imperial throne upon his father's death in 1551 AD. His younger brother, Thrasykles, had died in childhood, making their uncle—also named Thrasykles—the next in line to the throne. His marriage to Antigone Evergetidiotis, a woman from the imperial aristocracy, did not produce a male heir, which raised early concerns about the stability of his reign. Despite the political nature of their union, the imperial couple was widely respected for their mutual loyalty and tactful public conduct.
The new emperor excelled in one area—military affairs—but even here, his capabilities were often overshadowed by chronic health problems. From an early age, Kephisodotos VII suffered from recurring bouts of an unspecified internal illness, marked by weakness, fever, and periodic limb paralysis, which prevented him from actively participating in military campaigns.
As a result, although he possessed strategic and theoretical skills, he was forced to rely on his generals, officers, and his uncle, who in practice controlled the armies of the Grand Duchy. This situation meant that the imperial army under his rule retained the structure and effectiveness inherited from Spartokos XII’s reforms but did not progress with the same momentum. Nevertheless, the new emperor continued his father's policies, implementing modest reforms and adjustments.
In administrative and diplomatic matters, Kephisodotos VII displayed only moderate competence. A lack of charisma, cautious decision-making, and reliance on advisors and his uncle defined his reign. Domestic affairs were marked by a period of stabilization following the turbulent rule of Spartokos XII.
However, the most significant aspect of his reign was his stance on religion—Kephisodotos was a devoted supporter of a new religious movement known as Onomism. Inspired by the ideas of reformation and humanism, Onomism promoted spiritual purity, criticism of priestly opulence, and a focus on personal connection with the divine being Omono.
The young emperor, raised in an atmosphere of intellectual renaissance, quickly adopted these views as his own. He supported the first Onomist preachers, defended them from accusations of heresy, and eventually began contemplating a reform of the entire ecclesiastical structure of the empire.
In terms of foreign policy, Kephisodotos VII continued the strategy initiated by the previous ruling Zoticid dynasty, focusing on strengthening the Tauric Empire’s influence in the Far East. One of the key components of this policy involved dynastic efforts to solidify ties with loyal vassals—especially the khanates of Ubsunur and Ogrash.
Between 1551 and 1553 AD, two arranged marriages took place between the emperor’s younger cousins and selected daughters of the khans of these regions. These unions were not only prestigious but also pragmatic—reinforcing the emperor’s legitimacy over these territories and placing members of the Vamvaloudes dynasty in strategic borderlands.
These marital alliances also served clear preventive-political functions. Though formally subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Taurica, both khanates maintained powerful local elites and traditions of independence. Through blood ties to the imperial house, Kephisodotos VII ensured greater influence within their internal structures and preempted potential rebellions or shifts in loyalty. Imperial diplomats conducting these negotiations acted under the authority of the imperial chancellery and were held in high esteem by the local populations.
The reform of the heavy cavalry carried out by Kephisodotos VII between 1550 and 1553 AD was an attempt not only to improve the armed forces but also to symbolically reinforce the strength of the imperial military. A newly formed unit, originating from the reforms of Spartokos XII, was named the Tauric Hussars. It was to be not only the empire’s most formidable military force but also its most loyal.
The formation was set at 20,000 riders—one-quarter of the empire’s standing army of 80,000. It was an elite and prestigious force. Recruitment was based on detailed selection. Candidates were drawn from among the most distinguished infantry and light cavalry soldiers who had proven themselves in recent campaigns.
A significant portion of the unit also consisted of sons of noble families—particularly those who had demonstrated unconditional loyalty to the Vamvaloudes dynasty. Thus, Kephisodotos VII was able to bind the military and political elite directly to his core armed forces. Including young aristocrats in the unit also served as a means to tether their future to the imperial court.
The Hussars’ equipment was impressive and costly. Each rider was equipped with reinforced half-armor with an 8 mm-thick central breastplate and a heavier helmet, often adorned with the imperial heraldry depicting a white griffin. The breastplate and backplate were complemented by vambraces. The traditional elongated shield was replaced by a circular nomadic kalkan.
The primary offensive weapon was a long, brittle lance, designed for a single devastating impact in the first stage of a charge. The equipment was further supplemented by a sabre for close combat and slashing enemy riders, a koncerz for piercing infantry opponents, and either a nadziak (war hammer) or a mace for hand-to-hand fighting after breaking enemy lines. One or two wheellock pistols were also carried—modern additions that enhanced close-range combat capabilities.
The Tauric Hussars received their own colors, banners, and command structure. At the head of the formation stood the Strategos of the Hussars, appointed by the emperor—his uncle Thrasykles—who reported directly to the War Council and the emperor himself.
Each regiment had its own contingent of craftsmen, armorers, and grooms, and was granted the privilege of autonomous training. Hussar training camps were established in the empire’s key fortresses, and every new member underwent six months of combat and tactical training, including organized cavalry phalanx combat.
The religious reform enacted by Emperor Kephisodotos VII in 1552 AD was one of the most controversial and groundbreaking events in the spiritual history of the Tauric Empire. After a year of intense preparations, consultations with philosophers and reformers, and the publication of numerous theological treatises promoting new ideas, the emperor officially declared the replacement of the old religious current—Onomarchism—with a new, centralized doctrine known as Onomism.
This was not only a symbolic break from past tradition but, above all, a fundamental restructuring of the empire’s religious authority, with the emperor himself becoming the sole spiritual leader.
According to the reform decree, the ecclesiastical hierarchy was reduced to an absolute minimum—the offices of High Priests, provincial Archonomachs, and regional synods were abolished. Henceforth, all priests, now called Nomions, were to be directly subordinate to imperial authority. Kephisodotos VII was proclaimed the spiritual representative of Omono—the central deity of unity, truth, and light—on earth.
Noncompliance with the new doctrine was officially deemed both heresy and treason. Such offenses were punished severely, and the decree mandated imperial courts to swiftly and mercilessly enforce the will of the throne.
Simultaneously, an unprecedented campaign of temple property confiscation began. Dozens of defiant temples were closed, their assets seized, and some redistributed to local rural or urban communities—an effort aimed at garnering support from the lower social strata.
Former temple estates were divided among loyal officials, soldiers, and free peasants. In this way, the emperor not only curtailed the power of the old priestly elites but also created new, loyal property structures closely tied to the new faith and the state apparatus.
To prevent further attacks on the newly established clergy, Kephisodotos VII issued the Edict for the Protection of Nomions, which guaranteed the personal and material inviolability of Onomist clergy who swore loyalty to the emperor. Nomions became both religious ministers and state officials.
This edict marked a turning point in the empire’s history—from then on, religion was directly tied to the authority of the throne, and the Onomist Church became the ideological arm of the central government. The reform sparked massive unrest in many parts of the empire. Demonstrations and resistance occurred—especially in regions where Onomarchic clergy enjoyed strong popular support.
Nevertheless, thanks to the earlier strengthening of the army and the presence of loyal garrisons, the emperor managed to swiftly suppress scattered centers of rebellion. Moreover, the new doctrine was actively promoted through print—numerous pamphlets, sermons, and Onomist treatises were distributed in vernacular languages, increasing awareness and support for the reform among the common people.
Within just a year of implementing the reform, the Tauric Empire had transformed into one of the first fully centralized theocratic states. Onomism, based on the ideals of rationality, spiritual unity, and loyalty to the monarch, became not only the state religion but also the ideological foundation of a new era.
The campaign against the Beiting Khanate between 1555 and 1558 AD was one of the first tests for the reformed imperial army of the Tauric Empire. Kephisodotos VII, despite his frail health, was the initiator of the expedition and saw it as an opportunity both to showcase the new formation of the Hussaria and to demonstrate military strength to the khanates of Central Asia.
Command of the expedition was entrusted to his uncle, the experienced warrior Thrasykles, who set out with a 40,000-strong army eastward, toward the frontier near Lake Balkhash—a region encompassing the key territories of the Beiting Khanate, inhabited by nomadic peoples renowned for their exceptional cavalry.
The first phase of the campaign began in the summer of 1555 AD and involved swift cavalry raids on the khanate’s border settlements and outposts. Thanks to its technological advantage—heavy armor, lances, and needle-fire pistols—the Hussaria effectively neutralized the enemy’s mobility advantage, forcing Beiting’s forces to retreat from the southwestern region.
Thrasykles employed a strategy of deep raids and encirclement, aided by effective reconnaissance and a scouting system, which enabled successes with minimal losses. In the Battle of the Turgai Valley in early 1556 AD, the imperial army secured a decisive victory, crushing the main nomadic forces in open battle—a rarity in this campaign.
The second phase of the campaign, lasting throughout 1556 and 1557 AD, focused on capturing and securing key strategic points—including river crossings, springs, and trade routes linking Beiting with other regional khanates. Thrasykles, supported by engineers and a logistical corps, established fortified camps and conducted local negotiations with tribes that were not loyal to the khan.
This campaign was marked by high administrative effectiveness—the territories were not only conquered but also swiftly integrated and adapted to imperial rule. During this time, the imperial army also seized considerable spoils, and many captives were later resettled as laborers in distant colonies. The final stage of the conflict brought about the gradual weakening of the Beiting Khanate, which, after three years, was no longer capable of continuing the war.
In April 1558 AD, peace was concluded under which Beiting ceded the provinces of Narym, Argyn, Tobykty, and Nadym, located along the western shore of Lake Balkhash. Though led by a governor, the expedition solidified the imperial army’s reputation as the dominant force in the region, and the Hussaria earned recognition not only as a ceremonial elite but also as a formidable battlefield force.
In 1557 AD, amid the campaign against the Beiting Khanate, one of the most symbolic and peaceful territorial expansions of the Tauric Empire in the 16th century occurred—the incorporation of the Tofalar Khanate. This vassal state, situated on the western shore of Lake Baikal, had been under nominal imperial suzerainty for several decades but retained considerable political autonomy and maintained its own local power structures.
Thanks to long-term diplomatic efforts, cultural exchange, and dynastic ties, the imperial administration gradually gained influence among the Tofalar elite, culminating in 1557 AD when the local aristocracy agreed to fully incorporate their lands into the structures of the Grand Duchy of Taurica.
The process of incorporation occurred without the use of force—an uncommon event in Tauric expansion history—and was preceded by a diplomatic mission dispatched by Kephisodotos VII himself. The mission included officials loyal to the crown and clergy promoting the new doctrine of Onomism, aimed at strengthening ideological unity in the newly annexed region.
In exchange for recognizing full imperial suzerainty, the local elites received guarantees for the preservation of their privileges and lands, as well as the promise of representation in the imperial council. The annexation of the Tofalar Khanate became a model for peaceful territorial expansion, demonstrating the effectiveness of soft power.
The late 1550s brought noticeable changes to the economy and culture of Europe, driven by the increasing influx of exotic goods from the so-called New World. As maritime trade routes intensified and colonialism developed, European markets began to see previously unknown agricultural products—among which maize and tomatoes became especially popular.
Initially met with caution, these crops quickly found applications in both cuisine and agriculture, revolutionizing local farming systems. Their high yields and resistance to poor soil conditions led them to displace traditional crops, particularly in southern and eastern Europe.
Leading the way was the Kingdom of Memoriana, one of the most active colonizers of the New World. Thanks to a well-organized system of transport and trade, Memoriana efficiently introduced new goods to the continent—not only as luxury items but as elements of everyday life.
Through its ports and merchant outposts, it distributed exotic spices, plants, and seeds among royal courts and urban merchants. The impact of this trade extended far beyond economics—it also sparked new botanical studies and agricultural experiments, heralding the gradual decline of the traditional agrarian order in many parts of Europe.
The death of Kephisodotos VII in 1564 AD marked the end of a short but turbulent era in the history of the Tauric Empire. Long plagued by health issues, the emperor never enjoyed full strength, and his frail body could not withstand the demands of prolonged rule.
Although his achievements—especially in the religious and military spheres—left a lasting impact, his untimely death at the age of only 34 came as a surprise to the court and the state. The court physicians identified the cause of death as the rupture of a gastric ulcer, which occurred suddenly and left no room for effective intervention.
The lack of a direct heir to Kephisodotos VII, and the earlier death of his younger brother, meant that the question of succession required swift resolution. Facing the threat of destabilization, the imperial throne and the title of Grand Duke of Taurica were assumed by his uncle—an experienced commander and member of the Vamvaloudes dynasty—Thrasykles.
His coronation took place on May 12, 1564, and was accepted with little opposition, thanks largely to his prior military accomplishments and his stature among the aristocracy and military commanders.
Thrasykles II was already a well-known figure both on the battlefield and in political circles, which enabled a smooth transfer of power. For many, he embodied stability following the brief yet intense reign of Kephisodotos VII.
The reign of Kephisodotos VII (1551–1564 AD) is regarded by many chroniclers and scholars as the twilight of the Tauric Renaissance, which had driven the cultural and intellectual flourishing of the Grand Duchy of Taurica and the wider empire for nearly half a century.
By the end of Spartokos XII’s reign and in the early years of his son’s rule, the spirit of the Renaissance—characterized by admiration for antiquity, scientific reform, and rationalist thought—still lingered in academies, temples, and court chancelleries. However, by the 1550s, there was a palpable sense of exhaustion with the era, largely due to shifting political priorities, the growing influence of orthodox religious movements, and increasing pressure for ideological centralization and discipline.
The religious reforms of Kephisodotos VII, which centralized the clergy and placed it directly under the emperor’s authority, significantly restricted artistic and intellectual freedom. Many scholars, philosophers, and poets—who had once benefited from the patronage of temples and local nobles—lost their sources of support, as the new clerical elites rarely showed interest in promoting art or science.
Academies that had flourished in the first half of the century came under stricter supervision, and their curricula were subordinated to new ethical and ideological norms. Printing presses, though still active, published fewer philosophical or humanist works, focusing instead on practical or religious texts.
On the other hand, the technical legacy of the Renaissance endured. Inventions in cartography, military engineering, and agronomy developed during the height of the Tauric Renaissance continued to be used in both military campaigns and state administration. However, they were no longer accompanied by the spiritual and cultural enthusiasm of earlier decades. Among the elites and scholarly classes, conformity and pragmatism prevailed, while independent thought was pushed to the margins.
The age of expression, bold reinterpretations of the past, and enthusiastic exploration of new fields of knowledge gave way to a new, more utilitarian and hierarchical order. The symbolic end of the Tauric Renaissance was also marked by a generational shift. Many great patrons, artists, and thinkers of the previous era had died or withdrawn from public life, leaving no worthy successors among the younger generations.
Additionally, the rise of religious rigor, the development of Onomism as a dogmatic system, and the military priorities of the empire under Kephisodotos VII diverted the state’s attention from supporting the arts and humanities. As a result, the end of his reign in 1564 AD is widely recognized as the closing point of the Tauric Renaissance, which gave way to a new era—defined by different values and challenges.
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He needs to have a son otherwise Taurica will be heading towards another new dynasty not long after adopting religious reforms (i.e. a risk that they get overturned).
The emperor has succesful made another east west split in his own empire, that is going to be a feature for another century at best and till the present day at worst. Especially if the religious difference are used later on as the excuse for the inevitable seizing of the western vassals to direct control of the empire.
Still, Taurica continues to be massive, probably the largest state in the world by now, stable so long as the Emperors have heirs, and technologically advanced. They'll be the strongest power in the world until the industrialisation period, provided they don't have a lot of internal issues.
Still, Taurica continues to be massive, probably the largest state in the world by now, stable so long as the Emperors have heirs, and technologically advanced. They'll be the strongest power in the world until the industrialisation period, provided they don't have a lot of internal issues.
I would not be surprised if the harvest of this religious reformation proved to be very bitter in time.