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Tinto Maps #2 - 17th of May 2024 - Iberia

Hello everybody, and welcome to the second post of Tinto Maps! We’re really pleased about the great reception that the first one had last week, and also about the great feedback that we received. Just so you know, we have more than 70 action points from it that we will be implementing soon in the game.

Today we will be unveiling the map of Iberia in this super-secret project! So let’s start showing maps without further ado:

Countries:
Countries.jpg

The situation in 1337 shows a strong Crown of Castile under the rule of Alfonso XI, who has overcome the problems of his troublesome minority. To the east, we have the Crown of Aragon (it’s named that way, even if it currently doesn’t appear like that on the map), which is fighting for hegemony over the Mediterranean. An offspring of it is the Kingdom of Mallorca, ruled by a cadet branch of Aragon since half a century ago, that also has a couple of northern possessions centered on Perpignan and Montpellier. To the north, the Kingdom of Navarra is ruled by a French dynasty, its titular queen Jeanne, a member of the Capetian dynasty, being married to Philippe, Lord of Évreux. To the west, Portugal has a tense relationship with Castile, with a war being fought during 1336. To the south, the Nasrid dynasty holds power in Granada, backed by the Marinids of Morocco, who have a foothold in the peninsula centered around Algeciras and Ronda. And yes, Andorra is a starting country.

Locations:
Locations.jpg

Note: We are aware that there are some locations that could be added here and there, as this was one of the first maps that we created, and we weren’t completely sure about the location density we would like to have in the game. Some examples of possible locations that we’d like to add during a review would be Alicante, Tarifa, Alcobaça, Tordesillas, Monzón, or Montblanc. Also, you might notice that Zaragoza is named 'Saragossa'; this is not final, it's because we're using it as our testing location for the dynamic location naming system, as it has different names in Spanish (Zaragoza), Catalan (Saragossa), English (Saragossa), French (Saragosse), or Arabic (Saraqusṭa).

Provinces:
Provinces.jpg

Although it looks a bit like the modern provincial borders, take into account that those are based on the provincial reform of Francisco Javier de Burgos, which were also inspired by the cities/provinces that were accountable for the ‘Servicio de Millones’ during the reign of Philip II. Also, please, don't focus on the province names, the language inconsistency is because we were also using them as a testing ground.

Terrain:
Climate.jpg

Topograhpy.jpg

Vegetation.jpg

Iberia has one of the most complex terrain feature distributions in the entire world. We've also discussed this week that we're not very happy about the Vegetation distribution, which we'll be reworking, so feedback on this topic is especially very well received.

Cultures:
Cultures.jpg

Quite standard cultural distribution here, based on the different languages of Iberia (Asturleonese was still a language back in that time, although close to being opaqued by Castilian, after one century of joint ruling). The Andalusi represent not only the Muslim inhabitants of Granada and the Strait of Gibraltar but also the Mudéjar communities spread throughout much of the territory.

Religions:
Religion.jpg

The Sunni populations present here match the Andalusi pops of the previous map. Although it’s not shown in the map mode, there’s another important religious community in Iberia, the Sephardic Jews, who inhabit several cities and towns.

Raw Goods:
Raw Goods.jpg

This is also a map mode that we'll be revisiting next week, and feedback is also very welcomed. A curiosity: for the first time in a Paradox GSG, there is the Mercury resource in Almadén.

Markets:
Markets.jpg

This is the current distribution of markets, please take into account that it is based on the current gameplay status of the system and that it won’t necessarily be its final status. We tested in previous iterations having market centers in Lisbon and Burgos, but they weren’t working as we wanted; thus why we only have market centers in Sevilla and Barcelona. As the markets are dynamic, it might be possible to create new market centers, so a Portugal player might want to create a new market in Lisbon after some years (although having access to the market of Sevilla is juicy if you get enough merchant capacity on it).

Pops:
Pops.jpg


And that’s all for today! Next week we will be traveling to France! See you then!
 
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In this supposed era of early 1300s Portuguese and Galician weren't a different language or culture. In fact, one of the most used languages to write poems in the region was the Galician-Portuguese called "Cantigas". For example, the Castilian King Alfonso X the wise(1221–1284), wrote "Cantigas de Santa Maria" 420 poems written in this language.
Moreover, the influence of this culture spread over the frontier of Galicia into some parts of asturias as represented on the culture map, but also in the frontier with leon in an area known as "El bierzo".
This Galician-Portuguese culture later splited into Portuguese and galician, so my recommendation its (if possible) to merge the culture but have an option to split them in an organic way as ocurred in reality.
Also, there also existed at the time the "sefardies" which were the jews living in the iberian peninsula the were an important minority which controlled a vast amount of wealth and usually lent money to the aristocracy in their wars.
One more thing, the cathedral of santiago at this time was a very important monument for christianity and as such atracted a lot of "tourists" which lead to a spread of the most innovative ideas from that time in the region and across the now known as the French Way, that helped introduce the modern european ideas into castille.
I hope this could help to improve the game and keep the fantastic job you guys are doing.
 
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I would also put salt production in Tuy to represent the monastic sea salt sites that were recovered in the Arcade and Vigo area during this period.

Hello guys!
I think you should set up a marble province in Lugo, you would diversify production in Galicia and you would represent the important marble quarry of O Incio, which was still active at the time of the game.
Thanks for your efforts!
 
First things first, so let me congratulate Project Caesar and @Pavía for Tinto Maps talks. They truly are important. As this shows my home region, I believe theres space to improvements in Portugal

This is my personal opinion, but comparing Castilla with Portugal we see a disparaty in locations and provinces, and its easy to understand what I'm saying: in castille most of the provinces are given to the most important city, and in that province there are locations. In Portugal you have areas and in that areas important cities. By saying these just compare the provinces number and sizes of Portugal and Castille. (And i believe that this is also one reason why Lisboa market doenst work: too few locations and goods). I see that you've used the medieval administrative division of the XIV century. But if that if that is the criterium than provices of Castilla should be only its ''kingdoms'': Galicia, Asturias, Vizcaya, Castilla, Leon, Toledo, Murcia, Jaen, Cordoba, Sevilla.


So my first sugestion is to split Alentejo, Beira and Extremadura provinces in: Portalegre, Évora, Beja, Setúbal, Lisboa, Ribatejo, Beira Interior, Beira Litoral



Locations sugestion for provinces:

Portalegre: Portalegre, Nisa, Castelo de Vide, Avis, Crato/Alter do Chão,Elvas.

Évora: Évora, Estremoz, Monsaraz, Montemor-o-Novo.

Beja: Beja, Moura, Serpa, Mértola, Ourique

Setúbal: Setúbal, Alcácer do Sal, Sines/Santiago do Cacém, Odemira.

Algarve: Aljezúr, Lagos, Silves, Faro, Tavira, Alcoutim

Ribatejo: Santarém, Abrantes, Tomar, Coruche

Lisboa: Lisboa, Cascais, Torres Vedras, Alcobaça, Leiria

Beira Litoral: Coimbra, Esgueira, Lamego, Viseu, Tondela/Besteiros

Beira Interior: Castelo Branco, Guarda, Covilhã, Pinhel/Riba Coa, Trancoso, Sabugal

(if needed i can try and do some maps on Paint)


Olivenza in my opinion is a location of Badajoz province that was in Portuguese Realm. It was a important city in Portugal until the very end. I say that it should be in the Badajoz province because its in the left side of the Guadiana river, and it was necessary to built a important bridge to connect the city with Elvas and the Realm. Although there are cities today on that side of the margin (Mourão, Moura, Serpa), they are further south, and Portugal never had a complete control of the margin because it lacked control of Alconchel


With this said, I'd also split Badajoz location in Badajoz and Alburquerque (occuppied by the portuguese for nearly 100 if i recall, even improving the fort/castillo de Luna) and Jerez de los Caballeros in Jerez and Alconchel


Raw goods (will put some sources):
Portalegre - Wool
Nisa - Clay/Livestock
Castelo de Vide -Livestock
Avis – Wheat
Crato/Alter do Chão: Horses (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coudelaria_de_Alter) Yes, the foundation was only in 1748. So you could also replace with livestock
Elvas - Wheat
Évora -Wheat
Estremoz – Marble (Anticlinal de Estremoz – (http://home.dgeo.uevora.pt/~lopes/Artigos/artigo06.pdf) - One of the most important places in the World for marble production
Monsaraz – Wine/Wheat
Montemor-o-Novo – Olives/Livestock
Beja - Wheat
Moura – Olives/Wheat
Serpa – Livestock/Wheat
Mértola – copper (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mina_de_São_Domingos) There are others mines in the region, former mines and new mines
Ourique- Wheat/Livestock
Setúbal - Fish
Alcácer do Sal – Salt (https://atlas.cimal.pt/drupal/?q=pt-pt/node/152)
Sines/Santiago do Cacém - Sand
Odemira – Iron
Aljezúr - Fish
Lagos - Fish
Silves - Fruits
Faro Fish
Tavira - Salt (https://cm-castromarim.pt/site/conteudo/salinicultura-de-castro-marim)
Alcoutim – Tin (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parque_Mineiro_da_Cova_dos_Mouros)
Santarém - Legumes
Abrantes - Lumber
Tomar - Fiber crops
Coruche – Horses (https://www.cavalosorraia.pt/a-raca)
Lisboa - Fish
Cascais - Fish
Torres Vedras - Fruits
Alcobaça - Fruits
Leiria - Sand
Coimbra - Rice
Esgueira - Salt (https://salinasaveiro.com/passado/)
Lamego - Wine
Viseu – Lumber?
Tondela/Besteiros - Lumber
Castelo Branco – Fiber crops
Guarda - Wool
Covilhã - wool
Pinhel/Riba Coa - Livestock
Trancoso - Wine
Sabugal – Fruits


Regarding vegetagion:

Alentejo, Beira Baixa and Spanish Extremadura have a special and unique ecossystem: Montado/Dehesa. This is a agrosilvapasturil manmade landscape. Sparse trees, mostly Quercus spp, that produce acorns, cork, lumber, and permits the use of the soil for grains production, livestock creation, wine, fruits, legumes production, olives. Sparse with some Woods also, because in the hills its not that sparse, (https://montadodesobroecortica.pt/o-montado/o-territorio/) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehesa)
A map of distribution in Portugal: https://www.researchgate.net/figure...lentejo-region-Source-COS-2015_fig3_338108420
Portugal is a very treed country. Grassland in Beira region e far from true. It should be Woods and Forest mostly:

Regarding terrain: With this map what I want to show is 2 things: Covilhã should be moutains terrain and the terrain away from the coastline is very hilly. Its always up and down. True flatlands are not common.

So my sugestions:
Portalegre: Portalegre, Nisa, Castelo de Vide,- Hills; Avis, Crato/Alter do Chão,Elvas-Flatlands
Évora: Évora, Montemor-o-Novo, Monsaraz – Flatlands: Estremoz-Hills
Beja: Beja, Moura, Serpa: Flatlands; Mértola, Ourique-Hills
Setúbal: Setúbal, Alcácer do Sal, Sines/Santiago do Cacém- Flatlands Odemira: Hills
Algarve: Aljezúr, Silves, Alcoutim – Hills; Lagos, Faro- Flatlands; Tavira-Marsh
Ribatejo: Coruche: Farmlands; Santarém, Abrantes, Tomar: Hills
Lisboa: Lisboa, Cascais, Torres Vedras, Alcobaça: Hills; Leiria:Flatlands
Beira Litoral: Coimbra-Farmlands; Esgueira-Marsh, Lamego, Viseu, Tondela/Besteiros: Hills
Beira Interior: Castelo Branco-Flatlands; Covilhã: Mountains; , Pinhel/Riba Coa, Guarda: Plateau; Trancoso, Sabugal: Hills

Olivenza and Alburquerque: Flatlands

I'm not looking into Minho and Trás os Montes because above Douro I really cant tell much

Hope that this will help
 
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Where are counties of Urgell, Roussillon (claim), Barcelona (claim), Cerdanya and Empuries? Plus you added Andorra. It was vassal Foix and Urgell.
Screenshot_254.png
 
In this supposed era of early 1300s Portuguese and Galician weren't a different language or culture.
True, but this is complicated can of worms to deal with, since calling it simply "Portuguese" or "Galician" would be problematic for either side, and having "Galician-Portuguese" is anachronistic and opens precedent for a lot hyphenated word salads all over the map.

I think perhaps a better solution would be for more granular smaller culture groups, within larger culture groups.
 
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Im curious about the state of Madeira, the Açores and the Canaries. Though they were only colonized in the early 1400s, I wonder if their colonization is lead by events somewhat railroading it or if it is possible either Iberian power can fully take them over before another does.
I ask this because securing all three sets of islands would basically guarantee dominance for one nation in the first few decades of the Colonial game if not nearly a century. If the player makes a committed economic and military effort in securing such a crucial early footstep they should be rewarded by mechanics for having the foresight to do so and making sacrifices for it.
There will be mechanics for this, it won't be event-driven.
 
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I might be wrong but in history classes they taught us that during the middle ages the bastion of the "catalan" was in fact the kingdom of Valencia. As far as I know the aragonese golden age revolved around this place rather than the catalan bits in the north. Valencia became the first merchant and cultural node in the mediterranean until the XV century and important books as "Tirant lo Blanc" and others were written there. Catalonia got its piece during the development of the cloth industry far down the line becoming the new "cultural authority" . I wonder if this things will be represented in the game maybe changing the name to valencian market during this time period... Also valencians will be a bit pissed of as catalonians have been trying to rewrite history in its favor, anyways if i'm not mistaken there's a lot of evidence around this subject and the valencian heritage in the "catalonian culture".
 
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Magnificent maps! It’s only missing one detail for now, and it’s a location named “Falalalan” and with “Falalalera” culture somewhere in Navarran Pyrenees where the music that has tormented us by centuries was first sung.

Jokes aside, I have to say I cannot be happier for the enthusiasm put and the rigorous/accuracy that is being pursued in this Europa Uni... secret project and shown us in TT/TM. I have some feedback (mainly around La Rioja but also some in the rest of Iberia) from yesterday’s TM that I try to write it as tidy as possible to make things easier.

I am pleasantly surprised that Laguardia location (Rioja Alavesa) is being taken into account, I believe @Aldaron is from Bilbao and that might have something to do with it. And of course @Pavía and the rest of the team. Good job!

At the end of the post I leave some biography that I searched in case it helps.​


#1
Sierra de la Demanda Mountains between Calahorra and Ágreda locations and River Queiles.

Val river and then Queiles river flow eastwards from Ágreda to Tarazona. The Sierra de la Demanda mountains in their most eastern side are between Calahorra and Ágreda, and produce a natural barrier between these two locations. My point here is just aesthetic, since I believe the connection of Calahorra and Ágreda locations should still exist but representing a bit more of the actual mountains. The Moncayo mountain wasteland should also increase it’s size.

View attachment 1134890
In green the increased wasteland size.


#2
Pass from Logroño location to Aranda de Duero and Lerma thought Sierra de la Demanda

This is just positive feedback for what I think it’s an accurate representation of the pass from Logroño location to Aranda de Duero and Lerma locations though Najerilla river valley (Logroño -> Nájera -> Anguiano -> Viniegra -> Mansilla -> Villavelayo -> Canales de la Sierra) to the Castilian plateau. Although I would change that instead of Logroño-Aranda locations connection, it would be Logroño-Lerma connection because the connection is more direct and natural towards Lerma, and from there, then yes, to Aranda de Duero.

View attachment 1134891
I have colored Lerma a bit more to be the one location connected to Logroño, instead of Aranda.


#3
Climate, topography and vegetation of La Rioja and surroundings.

Climate in Logroño, Laguardia and Calahorra locations is all perfect, since it is in the limit of oceanic and cold arid, but it’s more towards Burgos and Álava oceanic than to the arid Zaragoza continuation of the Ebro valley. It's a closed and upper part of the Ebro valley, so clouds and rain get stuck more than say Zaragoza, where it's more open arid climate.

Topography is all perfect too, since both Logroño/Laguardia and Calahorra locations are very flat territories of the Ebro valley and in between sierra de la Demanda to the South (Sistema Ibérico mountains) and sierra de Toloño to the North (Montes Vascos mountains) it fairly flat.

About vegetation, I believe Logroño and Laguardia should have woods. Right now it is all cultivated lands around Logroño, Laguardia, Nájera and Santo Domingo de la Calzada, but there are accounts that these flatlands had woods at a much greater density, probably as a prolongation of the vegetation from the mountains that surround these locations as seen in pictures [5], [6] and [7] that i leave at the end of the post.

Calahorra, is a more open valley (farther from mountains and lower) should be grasslands or sparse, not woods. In the biography I leave a link [2] to a map of the Ministerio de Transición Ecológica where there is the distribution of forests from 2008 date, and even taking into account this is a map from now, there were a lot less cultivated land around these Logroño and Laguardia locations and in consequently more forest mass. As said, Laguardia and Logroño should be woods from this source, as a big part of their locations are occupied by “frondosas” vegetation. The opposite for Calahorra, that lacks that coverage of "frondosas". I hope it can be useful for the rest of actual Spain (wish it included Portugal too). BTW farmlands in Tudela is very accurate due to its famous fertile land.

View attachment 1134893
Laguardia and Logroño as woods, and then Calahorra as grasslands.


#4
Culture distribution around La Rioja.

It’s very accurate that there are Basque population in La Rioja in 1337. The majority of villages in Logroño location (Rioja Alta) have Basque toponym, and it is known that i.e. Nájera, Haro, Ezcaray… had great influence from Basque and Navarran nobles (Nájera even Kings, Kingdom of Nájera) so consequently Basque culture population presence in the game.

In fact, the first appearance of Spanish or “castellano” language is in the Monastery of San Millán, in Rioja Alta, in the form of annotations in Glosas Emilianenses [4], which also contains annotations in Basque along them.

By looking at the stripes I cannot compare density of Basque in Logroño location (Rioja Alta) and Calahorra location (Rioja Baja), but definitely Logroño had greater influence of Basque culture so it should have more of this population than Calahorra.

In the other hand, I would put Castilian stripes in Laguardia since it’s the same valley and Logroño and Laguardia are just a few kilometers away. There should be definitely some Castilian population in Laguardia by 1337 representing the mix of people around this border region.

View attachment 1134940
Some Castilians in Laguardia representing the mix of cultures around this part of the Ebro valley between Sierra de Toloño and Sierra de la Demanda.


#5
Trade goods distribution in La Rioja.

I find accurate that wine production in Logroño and Laguardia locations is present. It is estimated that since Roman times this region cultivated wine for own consumption, until Fifteen Century when started to have surpluses and were sold to other markets, mainly Basque Country, since further away regions had their own production centers near. It’s also correct that there is wheat production in Calahorra because the climate there is slightly change, so wheat grows better than wine.


#6
Province belonging of Logroño and Calahorra locations.

Historically, the term of La Rioja first appeared in the Eleventh Century to refer to the region that actually is Rioja Alta, which corresponds to Logroño location in the map. After some time, Rioja also ended being referred for Rioja Baja, which corresponds to Calahorra location in the map. The sources about province split between Burgos and Soria Provinces are correct for the Eighteen Century, but in reality the Ebro river and valley has a big impact and as Logroño (Rioja Alta) is mainly dependant to Burgos Province due to Castile, I would put also Calahorra to Burgos Province for a 1337 time and the rest of the game. They both are in general better connected to Burgos than to Soria, even from Calahorra, and its natural connections are along the Ebro valley to Rioja Alta and then Burgos. Moreover, taken into account wastelands added in feedback #1.

Other options are to include both locations (Logroño and Calahorra) into Navarra or make a new province named La Rioja having Logroño, Calahorra and Laguardia. Although, I think it’s more accurate to use the first option to make both part of Burgos, as shown here in this sketch.

View attachment 1134895
Calahorra location included in Burgos province together with Logroño location, instead of in Soria province.


#7
Name of the location of Logroño.

The name (or capital, I don’t know exactly how locations work) of the location of Logroño should be Nájera, more important than the first by this time of 1337, as can be seen in the bibliography [1] in the map of page 89, of number of windmills by location, being Nájera win by a lot in number against Logroño, that only has three. Logroño is my born city, but to be realistic at 1337 Nájera had more relevance mainly because of the Kings of Navarra, until the end of Fifteen Century, by when Logroño being a walled city was unsuccessfully sieged by the French in 1521. Apart from this, any of the following two options could be ideal only if they fit and/or are going to be used in other parts of the world:​
  • Name the location Nájera, and plan an event in the Fifteen Century that this location is renamed to Logroño. Could also work for many other locations in the world.​
  • But even better this other option; name Logroño to Rioja Alta, Calahorra to Rioja Baja, and Laguardia to Rioja Alavesa.​
If either of the two options are too much, just leave it as Logroño, since in about 100 years and for the rest of the game Logroño will overthrow Nájera as the main city in this location.

View attachment 1134896
Rioja (or Rioga) term has its first references in Logroño location around eleventh century, 200 year prior to the game start.


#8
Wastelands in Iberia.

I think that apart from the wastelands drawn around La Rioja in feedback #1, some of the other can be improved or even created new ones as I show in the following map compared to a physical map, and then explained by letters down below.

View attachment 1134897View attachment 1134898

a) Same as in feedback #1.​






b) As seen in bibliography [8] Serra da Estrela is the highest mountain range in continental Portugal, and it’s a natural communication barrier between Coimbra/Viseu and Guarda/Fundão. I would create a new location out of Guarda named Fundão, a town that became important after the expulsion of Jews from Castile and Aragon Crowns. The created wasteland would make the connection between those locations different and disconnected from some. I leave a zoom in here.​






c) As western Maestradgo is reflected (Sierra de Albarracín, the highest mount Pico Caimodorro,1936 m), it should be eastern Maestradgo (Sierra Turolense, the highest mount Pico de Peñarroya, 2028 m).​






d) Also part of Maestradgo and Catalan pre-coastal range, there should be a wasteland in Tortosa that impossibilities connection between this location and Alcañiz.​






e) This is just to improve and detail/granulate the Pyrenees, since right now I think they look too blocky. It’s just an operation to remove some part to resemble the real valleys than enter the wasteland, and improve a bit those valleys of Andorra, Vielha and Llívia.​



In red those parts to substack to resemble the valleys, and in green those to add to increase wasteland density inside the Pyrenees.




Here the referenced bibliography/links from above:
[1] A compilation about medieval history of La Rioja. García de Cortázar, José Ángel. "Estudios de Historia Medieval de La Rioja".​

[2] A forest map of Spain from data of 2008. It can help together with other sources the fores areas in Spain. I hope it included Portugal too.​

[3] Information about Basque derivation names of villages in La Rioja.​

[4] Glosas Emilianenses where first early attestations of both Proto-Spanish or Castilian and Basque.​

[5] Picture of actual Laguardia in the same game location, where you can see all the cultivated land, until the orography allows, when then there is a lot of woods and forest.​

[6] Picture of Labraza, very close to Laguardia where you can see all the cultivated land between woods, and the same as Laguardia until the orography allows, when then there is a lot of woods and forest.​

[7] Picture of Santo Domingo de la Calzada in Logroño game location, where you can see all the cultivated land, until the orography permits, when then there is a lot of woods and forest.​

[8] Serra da Estrela is the highest mountain range in continental Portugal and it’s a natural communication barrier between Coimbra/Viseu and Guarda/Fundão.


Very good job! Keep it up!​
Great and detailed feedback, thank you very much! Just one minor comment: by 1337, Logroño was already the most important town in La Rioja. I studied the towns of the region in my thesis (as they were part of the 'Merindad Mayor de Castilla'), and it had already surpassed Nájera as the main political and economic center in the 13th century. ;)
 
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Great and detailed feedback, thank you very much! Just one minor comment: by 1337, Logroño was already the most important town in La Rioja. I studied the towns of the region in my thesis (as they were part of the 'Merindad Mayor de Castilla'), and it had already surpassed Nájera as the main political and economic center in the 13th century. ;)

Will location names change if a place within that same location boomed historically a few decades or a century after the start date?
 
Amazing maps, I'm so looking forward to playing this game! Just a couple of questions and a few comments that I hope can help :)

Religions:
  • Is religion an "either/or" thing? Meaning, the province is either religion A or religion B? Or is it population-dependent? Meaning, more than one religion can co-exist in a location, and the one with the most followers is the dominant religion?
  • If it's the second, would the migration of pops between different locations impact your religion? It would be so much fun to see how different actions (like launching inquisitions, becoming a theocracy, building monasteries, etc) would affect religion distribution.
  • Also, in that case, a percentage of pops in capital cities of Iberia would follow Judaism, as an estimated 400.000 Sephardic Jews lived in Iberia during the 14-5th centuries. The history of Medieval Castille and Aragon with religions other than Catholicism is not the prettiest, but would be interesting to have related events. For example, the 50.000 Jews conversion to Catholicism as a consequence of the "Massacre of 1391" (Joseph Perez, Breve historia de la Inquisición en España, 2012). or an event in 1492 (with the final acts of the Reconquista in the capitulation of the Nasrid Emirate of Granada, and with the Alhambra decree) that could offer the possibility of ordering the expulsion or conversion of "pagans" (Muslims and Jews).
Locations map:
  • If the Catalan locations are based on the old "Catalan Counties", it may be more historically accurate to rename some of them. The names "Lleida", "Vic" and "Vilafranca del Penedès" are the cities or capitals of the regions. The region for "Lleida" would be "Urgell", for "Vic" would be "Osona", and for "Vilafrance del Penedès" it would be "Penedès". The name of "Manresa" stopped being used as a County in the 12th century, it may be more accurate for that region to be named "Cerdanya" instead.
  • However, if the Catalan locations are based on the Vegueries map, it would be more accurate to replace "Talarn" (city) for "Pallars" (vegueria), "Manresa" for "Berguedà". As with the counties, "Vic" should probably be "Osona", are Vilafranca del Penedès and Lleida would be correctly named. I'd agree to divide Tarragona to include Montblanc!!
  • It would be interesting to have some kind of event with the locations of Chinchilla and Villena, with the option of transferring Chinchilla to the Crown of Aragon as "Almansa" due to dynastic ties, and/or the culture of Villena changing to Portuguese. Why? In 1395 the area of Chinchilla was split from Villena and transferred as Almansa to the Crown of Aragon, within the Kingdom of Valencia. In 1996 Villena started receiving exiled Portuguese nobles (who had helped Enrique III against Juan I of Portugal) to the point that the local nobles were completely displaced (Aurelio Petrel Marín, "Entorno a la incorporación del Marquesado de Villena a la Corona de Castilla", page 79)
Terrain map:
  • You could consider changing Vilafranca del Penedès from Flatlands to Hills, as Barcelona and Tarragona are separated by the Garraf Massif. a mountain range up to 660m high with cliffs that reach the Mediterranean waters (Mapa Cartogràfic de Catalunya, May 22, 2010)
  • The Iberian Peninsula of the time was much densely covered in woods and forests compared to modern times. According to the article "Iberian Forests: Structure and Dynamics of the Main Forests in the Iberian Peninsula" (Pablo J. Hidalgo), originally 90% of the Iberian territory was covered in forests, and at present coverage is only 15%. Deforestation began in early medieval ages, so it shouldn't be 90% in this map, but definitely denser. I would suggest to slightly increase the woods coverage and slightly change some of the current wood areas to forests (specially in the northern regions like Galicia, Asturias and Basque Country).

Trade Map:
  • The locations of Chinchilla and Villena maybe should be within the Barcelona Market, as in the 1300s these areas were exempt from paying customs tax to the Kingdom of Valencia to promote trade. The economy of Chinchilla relied more on the trade with Valencia than with Murcia/Seville (Aurelio Petrel Marín, "Entorno a la incorporación del Marquesado de Villena a la Corona de Castilla", page 79).
  • I am SO HAPPY to see Salt in the area of Tarragona, as the nobles from Cardona were so rich due to the salt trade that they were known as the "kings without crown" :)
  • I am not sure I understand "Fish" as the main trade good in Barcelona. While fish was an important part of the economy, Barcelona (unfortunately) was one of the main ports of slave trade in Europe. The slaves were mostly taken in military campaigns from the southern shores of the Mediterranean (The Middle Ages Series: Slavery in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia, Phillips Jr). However, if we considered that slaves were not "produced" in Barcelona, then the oldest and most reputed goods being manufactured in the area were weapons (high quality swords and knives), leather worked in the Arab technique and high-quality locally-manufactured textiles (Catalan Commerce in the late Middle Ages, Maria Teresa Ferrer). Note that the textile industry started to be the main engine of economic activity in Barcelona starting on the 1300s, and was consolidated in the late 1300s and early 1400s. Another item instead of fish could be Naval Supplies, according to the same article the manufacture of tallow and pitch were used in the naval industry and was one of the products constantly present in the 13th century exports of Barcelona.
  • In the 14th Century, due to its climate the Kingdom of Valencia was an important producer of Oriental Spices (like cumin and anise seed) and sugar (Catalan Commerce in the late Middle Ages, Maria Teresa Ferrer), maybe one of the locations should represent this?

I hope this helps! You are doing such an amazing job with this game, I can't wait for release!!!
Religions:
1. Yes
2. Yes
3. There will be events related to the Sephardic minority.

Locations
1. We're basing the location naming on, well, locations.

Terrain
1. We know well el Massif del Garraf, as it's just around Sitges, where Paradox Tinto is located; I have to cross it everyday, as I don't live there. I understand what you mean, but given the level of detail (which is high, but not so much), Vilafranca del Penedès works much better as flatlands.
2. We might add some more vegetation here and there, we've identified some places where it's not as dense as it should be (e.g. modern Cantabria). But take into account that by the Late Middle Ages, much of the arable land had already been deforested.

Trade
1. We're not setting in the setup the locations in each market, only the market centers; the locations are then automatically and organically assigned, using the trade system calculations.
2. All the goods you suggest for Barcelona are manufactured, not raw materials. ;)
3. We may take into account your suggestions for Valencia.
 
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Thanks for the maps, they look really cool, about the vegetation levels, and I apologise if you have already covered this, but is it dynamic?
i.e. could it be improved by building additional irrigation canals, or rerouting rivers or perhaps decreased by something like deforestation.

If so then how useful would it be for something like food production to invest in changing vegetation levels?
 
First things first, so let me congratulate Project Caesar and @Pavía for Tinto Maps talks. They truly are important. As this shows my home region, I believe theres space to improvements in Portugal

This is my personal opinion, but comparing Castilla with Portugal we see a disparaty in locations and provinces, and its easy to understand what I'm saying: in castille most of the provinces are given to the most important city, and in that province there are locations. In Portugal you have areas and in that areas important cities. By saying these just compare the provinces number and sizes of Portugal and Castille. (And i believe that this is also one reason why Lisboa market doenst work: too few locations and goods). I see that you've used the medieval administrative division of the XIV century. But if that if that is the criterium than provices of Castilla should be only its ''kingdoms'': Galicia, Asturias, Vizcaya, Castilla, Leon, Toledo, Murcia, Jaen, Cordoba, Sevilla.


So my first sugestion is to split Alentejo, Beira and Extremadura provinces in: Portalegre, Évora, Beja, Setúbal, Lisboa, Ribatejo, Beira Interior, Beira Litoral



Locations sugestion for provinces:

Portalegre: Portalegre, Nisa, Castelo de Vide, Avis, Crato/Alter do Chão,Elvas.

Évora: Évora, Estremoz, Monsaraz, Montemor-o-Novo.

Beja: Beja, Moura, Serpa, Mértola, Ourique

Setúbal: Setúbal, Alcácer do Sal, Sines/Santiago do Cacém, Odemira.

Algarve: Aljezúr, Lagos, Silves, Faro, Tavira, Alcoutim

Ribatejo: Santarém, Abrantes, Tomar, Coruche

Lisboa: Lisboa, Cascais, Torres Vedras, Alcobaça, Leiria

Beira Litoral: Coimbra, Esgueira, Lamego, Viseu, Tondela/Besteiros

Beira Interior: Castelo Branco, Guarda, Covilhã, Pinhel/Riba Coa, Trancoso, Sabugal

(if needed i can try and do some maps on Paint)


Olivenza in my opinion is a location of Badajoz province that was in Portuguese Realm. It was a important city in Portugal until the very end. I say that it should be in the Badajoz province because its in the left side of the Guadiana river, and it was necessary to built a important bridge to connect the city with Elvas and the Realm. Although there are cities today on that side of the margin (Mourão, Moura, Serpa), they are further south, and Portugal never had a complete control of the margin because it lacked control of Alconchel


With this said, I'd also split Badajoz location in Badajoz and Alburquerque (occuppied by the portuguese for nearly 100 if i recall, even improving the fort/castillo de Luna) and Jerez de los Caballeros in Jerez and Alconchel


Raw goods (will put some sources):
Portalegre - Wool
Nisa - Clay/Livestock
Castelo de Vide -Livestock
Avis – Wheat
Crato/Alter do Chão: Horses (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coudelaria_de_Alter) Yes, the foundation was only in 1748. So you could also replace with livestock
Elvas - Wheat
Évora -Wheat
Estremoz – Marble (Anticlinal de Estremoz – (http://home.dgeo.uevora.pt/~lopes/Artigos/artigo06.pdf) - One of the most important places in the World for marble production
Monsaraz – Wine/Wheat
Montemor-o-Novo – Olives/Livestock
Beja - Wheat
Moura – Olives/Wheat
Serpa – Livestock/Wheat
Mértola – copper (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mina_de_São_Domingos) There are others mines in the region, former mines and new mines
Ourique- Wheat/Livestock
Setúbal - Fish
Alcácer do Sal – Salt (https://atlas.cimal.pt/drupal/?q=pt-pt/node/152)
Sines/Santiago do Cacém - Sand
Odemira – Iron
Aljezúr - Fish
Lagos - Fish
Silves - Fruits
Faro Fish
Tavira - Salt (https://cm-castromarim.pt/site/conteudo/salinicultura-de-castro-marim)
Alcoutim – Tin (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parque_Mineiro_da_Cova_dos_Mouros)
Santarém - Legumes
Abrantes - Lumber
Tomar - Fiber crops
Coruche – Horses (https://www.cavalosorraia.pt/a-raca)
Lisboa - Fish
Cascais - Fish
Torres Vedras - Fruits
Alcobaça - Fruits
Leiria - Sand
Coimbra - Rice
Esgueira - Salt (https://salinasaveiro.com/passado/)
Lamego - Wine
Viseu – Lumber?
Tondela/Besteiros - Lumber
Castelo Branco – Fiber crops
Guarda - Wool
Covilhã - wool
Pinhel/Riba Coa - Livestock
Trancoso - Wine
Sabugal – Fruits


Regarding vegetagion:

Alentejo, Beira Baixa and Spanish Extremadura have a special and unique ecossystem: Montado/Dehesa. This is a agrosilvapasturil manmade landscape. Sparse trees, mostly Quercus spp, that produce acorns, cork, lumber, and permits the use of the soil for grains production, livestock creation, wine, fruits, legumes production, olives. Sparse with some Woods also, because in the hills its not that sparse, (https://montadodesobroecortica.pt/o-montado/o-territorio/) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehesa)
A map of distribution in Portugal: https://www.researchgate.net/figure...lentejo-region-Source-COS-2015_fig3_338108420
Portugal is a very treed country. Grassland in Beira region e far from true. It should be Woods and Forest mostly:

Regarding terrain: With this map what I want to show is 2 things: Covilhã should be moutains terrain and the terrain away from the coastline is very hilly. Its always up and down. True flatlands are not common.

So my sugestions:
Portalegre: Portalegre, Nisa, Castelo de Vide,- Hills; Avis, Crato/Alter do Chão,Elvas-Flatlands
Évora: Évora, Montemor-o-Novo, Monsaraz – Flatlands: Estremoz-Hills
Beja: Beja, Moura, Serpa: Flatlands; Mértola, Ourique-Hills
Setúbal: Setúbal, Alcácer do Sal, Sines/Santiago do Cacém- Flatlands Odemira: Hills
Algarve: Aljezúr, Silves, Alcoutim – Hills; Lagos, Faro- Flatlands; Tavira-Marsh
Ribatejo: Coruche: Farmlands; Santarém, Abrantes, Tomar: Hills
Lisboa: Lisboa, Cascais, Torres Vedras, Alcobaça: Hills; Leiria:Flatlands
Beira Litoral: Coimbra-Farmlands; Esgueira-Marsh, Lamego, Viseu, Tondela/Besteiros: Hills
Beira Interior: Castelo Branco-Flatlands; Covilhã: Mountains; , Pinhel/Riba Coa, Guarda: Plateau; Trancoso, Sabugal: Hills

Olivenza and Alburquerque: Flatlands

I'm not looking into Minho and Trás os Montes because above Douro I really cant tell much

Hope that this will help
Another fantastic post! well done!
 
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Fair warning, I am no expert. If any wiser minds wish to correct me, I strongly encourage it.

View attachment 1134965

Here's my humble attempt. I split provinces that:
  • Were too large compared to neighbors;
  • Had an important place that should maybe appear in the map;
  • Just looked nicer at a glance.
The red letters are existing locations, the numbers are new provinces. So here's the list as labeled in the map:
  1. Braga: not much more explaining to do beyond what my fellow patriots have all reitirated, massively important city at the time.
  2. Ermelo: I just wanted a location here to make the border look nicer, but it seems the Ermelo was granted foral way back when the kingdom declared its independence. I also has a smaller name than most of the alternatives.
  3. Mirandela: Moncorvo was a bit too large, Mirandela fits nicely here and was granted foral in 1250, first fair in 1295.
  4. Figueira da Foz: to break up Coimbra, but also an important port for both fishing and shipbuilding in the region at the mouth of the Mondego river, which was navigable during the game's timeframe.
  5. Seia: important castle before the beggining of the game, but received multiple forais in the following centuries too.
  6. Sabugal: another important castle, guarding the frontier against the beloved neighbors to the east.
  7. Covilhã: as others have mentioned, extremely relevant during the time, many navigators and other figures hailed from here.
  8. Óbidos/Alcobaça: Either of these would fit here, Óbidos a walled city (even nowadays!) and Alcobaça an important monastery with its clerical lands. I would vouch more strongly for Alcobaça though.
  9. Sintra: important castle, foral in 1154, basically a playground for the elites to run away from the heat in Lisbon with multiple convents, estates and the such. Had a sephardite community at the time which might be worth representing.
  10. Sertã: Crato was stretched too thinly, and Sertã was also certainly relevant enough at the time anyway, so it fits the bill.
  11. Almeirim: splits up Santarém, but like Sintra was a playground for the elites in Lisbon (hunting and stuff), would even become the location of a royal palace until 1755's earthquake brings it down to rubble.
  12. Serpa: splits up Beja, important castle at the frontier.
  13. Mértola: splits up Ourique, was important even during muslim rule, in part thanks to its port in the Guadiana river.
  14. Mogadouro: splits up Moncorvo further, important castle at the frontier, given to the Templars at first and then to the Ordem de Cristo.
  15. Silves: Lagos was important, but so was Silves and its river port, especially during the age of discovery, even if its importance eventually waned with the centuries due to the silting of the Arade river which left Portimão as the main city in the area in modern times.
Some notes:
  • The borders of the provinces straddling the Tagus could coincide with the river, since we all love too see that, but also helps make the province borders look a bit less jarring.
  • Miranda do Douro, not Miranda de Douro.
  • Lisboa, not Lisbon, as you've already pointed out were fixing.
  • Viseu, Évora, maybe Viana do Castelo could maybe be split as well, but I'm not sure how.
  • Chaves has a weird shape but I couldn't quite figure out how to change that. Porto too has a weird finger poking at Vila Real.
  • I don't see the need for wastelands in the northern regions, the terrain might be rugged but aside from Serra da Estrela I don't really see an impassable zone anywhere to a degree that would justify it. I do agree that adding some mountain terrain is not out of question, though.
  • As others have noted, giving Olivença its own location would be funny, if not for the meme alone.
Borders aside, I won't bother describing climate as you have your own sources for that, though the additional provinces might help in matching it better to climate maps.

I can try looking for goods, but most of these provinces will have some kind of agrarian activity which you probably will want to balance to your taste. Three thoughts though:
  • Esgueira produces Olives, I'd vouch for Salt.
  • Moncorvo does have considerable deposits of Iron, it is marked as Tin in the map, though you may have your reasons for this.
  • Leiria is home to a monoculture of maritime pine which was initially used to protect against the coastline's advance, but would eventually become a big source of wood for the ships that let Portugal take to seaward expansion. I'd give it Lumber instead of Fish.
Also, I'd like to thank you for including Sado's and Tagus's estuaries in the physical map, as they are strangely absent in most Paradox titles. I don't even think they need their own sea zones (though I wouldn't mind it either), I just like to see them included.

This project truly looks like a labour of love, I can't congratulate you guys enough on the work you've put into this so far. If you any questions or doubts about what I wrote above, I'd be more than glad to help if I am able to. :)


Edit: As some have noted, indeed Olivença was the only major border change in Portugal's continental borders, and it should be included as a location.
Hello all, and congratulations to the devteam for what is shaping up to be every EU player's dream! Having been playing these masterpieces for 23 years (!!!), I can hardly wait for its release.
While mostly agreeing with the way the Iberian Peninsula, particularly Portugal, is being protrayed, I'd like to make a few suggestions regarding Locations (A), Climate (B), Topography (C), Vegetation (D) and Raw Goods (E)

A) Locations:
- there seems to be some inconsistency in the names of a few locs namely Esgueira, Castelo Branco, Chão de Couce and Pinhel. Esgueira might be better represented as Ílhavo, Santa Maria da Feira or, especially, Aveiro; though Aveiro only rose to prominence in the XV century, it seems odd getting stuck with Esgueira for 400 years. Castelo Branco was elevated to a town in the XVI century, while not being wrong per se as it was known before as Casto Leucum, it is not the most correct. Pinhel you may consider changing for Almeida, a vital border garrison. Chão de Couce could perhaps be changed to Figueiró, Ansião or Sertã (birthplace of Nun'Álvares Pereira).
- the fact that Alentejo, through its location of Crato, is extending North of the Tagus is "unholy" (Alentejo meaning beyond the Tagus). That geographical space should belong either to Beira or to Estremadura, Crato town itself is quite southwards of the in game represented location. The same can be said of the Guimarães panhandle (territory of Trás-os-Montes), Avis "snake" connecting Elvas border to the outskirts of Lisbon (with potential dire strategical consequences) and Moncorvo location that links Galiza with León (cutting off Bragança and Mirand do Douro). I suggest splitting Moncorvo, creating Mirandela or Torre de Moncorvo; Avis firmly in Alentejo with Coruche breaking off of it to the west, belonging to Estremadura. Guimarães must be split to allow Braga to be represented, one of the leading cities of the nation.
- between the locs of Chaves, Guimarães and Viana, the dense forest hills of Peneda-Gerês could be represented, maybe as Terras de Bouro
- Castelo Branco and Guarda locations are too large, consider adding a third loc in between them, along a northwest-southeast split, the southeastern part being flatter and drier, the northwestern part, wet forested hills, being in the foothills of the Montejunto-Estrela mountain range (western end of the Central System of the Iberian Peninsula).
- Coimbra can be landlocked by creating Figueira da Foz/Montemor as the orography changes drastically east and northeast of Coimbra (sharp imposing hills) to its west (a vast, wide and fertile plain along Mondego valley).
- as previously suggested Torres Vedras can give off in the south Cascais/Sintra, Leiria can give off Alcobaça to its south and Algarve could be split in four locations, adding Silves between Lagos and Faro.

B) Climate:
- the locations of Guarda and Northwestern Castelo Branco should be Oceanic, as per Serra da Estrela heights. Definitely not Mediterranean. Southeastern Castelo Branco is in the rain shadow of Serra da Estrela.

C) Topography:
- even though Coimbra's hinterlands could be described as hilly, as mentioned, to its west the terrain is flat and wide, therefore it is not accurate to represent it as hills. If the location can't be broken into Coimbra/Figueira, I'd suggest sticking to flatlands.
- Lisbon, Torres Vedras and the southern part of Leiria (Alcobaça) would probably be better represented as hills. West of Lisbon and South of Torres Vedras, the terrain rises sharply creating Serra de Sintra.
- the current loc of Castelo Branco could be described as a plateau, though its western part is quite hilly. Between Guarda and Castelo Branco it would be optimal to have a mountain loc, as previously stated.
- Esgueira/Aveiro/Ílhavo could be represented as marshy, as per Ria de Aveiro. Alcácer do Sal should definitely be marshy, as the low lying Sado valley was/is prone to stagnant waters.

D) Vegetation:
- it is not correct to represent the central locs of Beira as being grasslands.
- if any location in Portugal should have forest, especially in the in game ages, it wouldn't be Chão de Couce, but rather Guarda/Viseu (Montejunto-Estrela and Caramulo) and Northeastern Minho (Peneda-Gerês), corresponding to in game current locs of Viseu, Guarda and somewhere between Viana, Chaves and northern Guimarães. Serra de Sintra, west of Lisbon, could also be represented as forest.
- Lisbon, west Coimbra, Porto and the whole of Minho that isn't wooded/forested should be represented as farmland. If I'm not mistaken, the richest soils in Portugal (terra rossa) lie directly north of Lisbon, and farms (hortas) surrounded Lisbon until the late XIX century.

E) Raw Goods:
- Torres Vedras, wheat rather than olives. Zona Saloia supplying cereal to Lisbon.
- Santarém, flat farmland supplying wood? Much rather livestock, or cereal, definetely not much wood in Santarém. The same can be said for Porto, which could be better shown with medicaments or even fish.
- Coimbra could have medicaments, on account of harboring the country's general studies, a centre of learning since D. Afonso Henriques and the monks of Santa Cruz. D. Afonso Henriques himself was treated by the same monks after the disaster at Badajoz.
- Elvas loc could have stone as for the quarries of marble at Vila Viçosa, tho legumes is not wrong.
- Beja and Moura should be wheat all the way, wine was a minor production compared to the manpower devoted to cereal production in Alentejo. The same for Ourique.
- Avis (especially it's western part, campina do Tejo/Tagus and Sorraia flatlands) and Crato (coudelaria real de Alter do Chão/royal "horse center") could produce horses.
- Salt in Aveiro/Esgueira, if not, livestock (Marinhoa breed, they graze on the salty marshy soil south of Aveiro).
- Salt in Faro, fruits in Silves/interior of Algarve.
- Castelo Branco, especially it's southeastern part is olives all the way. I'd say livestock would be restricted to Penamcor area/northern part of Castelo Branco.
- Northern Minho (Viana) could have wine as main production (Vinho Verde).
- Serra da Estrela (Guarda/Castelo Branco/Viseu) and Gerês (Northern Guimarães/West Chaves) regions had (have, even if now much less) quite a few oak trees that would come in handy some one hundred years later...

My apologies for this huge "biblical" post, keep up with your amazing work!
Best wishes from old Aeminium
Very detailed posts, our CD Team will take a detailed look at them as well, thank you very much!
 
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Does this mean that at game start Portugal and Castile will start at war?
It may also start in a truce; we haven't made a final decision about this.

Portugal and Castile would fight together against the Marinid Sultanate in 1340 after reconciling, so this war about marriage could better be represented as an event (or more since this involves the birth of the House of Trastámara). Also, this was not just Portugal but also Afonso IV's allies in Castile opposing Alfonso XI of Castile.

Most of the action occurred in 1336, with the the Portuguese side losing the Battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota. The war came to a halt near the end of July of 1337, barely four months after the start date, so beginning with a truce is only a small offset.

This is just a brief thought on this brief albeit important war, and there are probably many more interesting things to come.


And for a small question, is the olive industry in Esgueira more important than the salt industry, or does the olives there represent the whole of the olive production in Beira, Minho and Trás-os-Montes? While olives are a pretty big thing in Portugal, Esgueira and Aveiro are known for salt, so I am merely curious.
 
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1 Since horses/elephants "requires units locally produced to be recruited" will we be stuck to the starting productions or can we replace some livestock for more beligerous animals when needed?
2 How will the game deal with horses in american colonies?
3 Will horses be the only production that requires an event/interaction? I assume that the native americans need to wait the europeans before creating a cavalary.
 
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First things first, so let me congratulate Project Caesar and @Pavía for Tinto Maps talks. They truly are important. As this shows my home region, I believe theres space to improvements in Portugal

This is my personal opinion, but comparing Castilla with Portugal we see a disparaty in locations and provinces, and its easy to understand what I'm saying: in castille most of the provinces are given to the most important city, and in that province there are locations. In Portugal you have areas and in that areas important cities. By saying these just compare the provinces number and sizes of Portugal and Castille. (And i believe that this is also one reason why Lisboa market doenst work: too few locations and goods). I see that you've used the medieval administrative division of the XIV century. But if that if that is the criterium than provices of Castilla should be only its ''kingdoms'': Galicia, Asturias, Vizcaya, Castilla, Leon, Toledo, Murcia, Jaen, Cordoba, Sevilla.


So my first sugestion is to split Alentejo, Beira and Extremadura provinces in: Portalegre, Évora, Beja, Setúbal, Lisboa, Ribatejo, Beira Interior, Beira Litoral



Locations sugestion for provinces:

Portalegre: Portalegre, Nisa, Castelo de Vide, Avis, Crato/Alter do Chão,Elvas.

Évora: Évora, Estremoz, Monsaraz, Montemor-o-Novo.

Beja: Beja, Moura, Serpa, Mértola, Ourique

Setúbal: Setúbal, Alcácer do Sal, Sines/Santiago do Cacém, Odemira.

Algarve: Aljezúr, Lagos, Silves, Faro, Tavira, Alcoutim

Ribatejo: Santarém, Abrantes, Tomar, Coruche

Lisboa: Lisboa, Cascais, Torres Vedras, Alcobaça, Leiria

Beira Litoral: Coimbra, Esgueira, Lamego, Viseu, Tondela/Besteiros

Beira Interior: Castelo Branco, Guarda, Covilhã, Pinhel/Riba Coa, Trancoso, Sabugal

(if needed i can try and do some maps on Paint)


Olivenza in my opinion is a location of Badajoz province that was in Portuguese Realm. It was a important city in Portugal until the very end. I say that it should be in the Badajoz province because its in the left side of the Guadiana river, and it was necessary to built a important bridge to connect the city with Elvas and the Realm. Although there are cities today on that side of the margin (Mourão, Moura, Serpa), they are further south, and Portugal never had a complete control of the margin because it lacked control of Alconchel


With this said, I'd also split Badajoz location in Badajoz and Alburquerque (occuppied by the portuguese for nearly 100 if i recall, even improving the fort/castillo de Luna) and Jerez de los Caballeros in Jerez and Alconchel


Raw goods (will put some sources):
Portalegre - Wool
Nisa - Clay/Livestock
Castelo de Vide -Livestock
Avis – Wheat
Crato/Alter do Chão: Horses (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coudelaria_de_Alter) Yes, the foundation was only in 1748. So you could also replace with livestock
Elvas - Wheat
Évora -Wheat
Estremoz – Marble (Anticlinal de Estremoz – (http://home.dgeo.uevora.pt/~lopes/Artigos/artigo06.pdf) - One of the most important places in the World for marble production
Monsaraz – Wine/Wheat
Montemor-o-Novo – Olives/Livestock
Beja - Wheat
Moura – Olives/Wheat
Serpa – Livestock/Wheat
Mértola – copper (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mina_de_São_Domingos) There are others mines in the region, former mines and new mines
Ourique- Wheat/Livestock
Setúbal - Fish
Alcácer do Sal – Salt (https://atlas.cimal.pt/drupal/?q=pt-pt/node/152)
Sines/Santiago do Cacém - Sand
Odemira – Iron
Aljezúr - Fish
Lagos - Fish
Silves - Fruits
Faro Fish
Tavira - Salt (https://cm-castromarim.pt/site/conteudo/salinicultura-de-castro-marim)
Alcoutim – Tin (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parque_Mineiro_da_Cova_dos_Mouros)
Santarém - Legumes
Abrantes - Lumber
Tomar - Fiber crops
Coruche – Horses (https://www.cavalosorraia.pt/a-raca)
Lisboa - Fish
Cascais - Fish
Torres Vedras - Fruits
Alcobaça - Fruits
Leiria - Sand
Coimbra - Rice
Esgueira - Salt (https://salinasaveiro.com/passado/)
Lamego - Wine
Viseu – Lumber?
Tondela/Besteiros - Lumber
Castelo Branco – Fiber crops
Guarda - Wool
Covilhã - wool
Pinhel/Riba Coa - Livestock
Trancoso - Wine
Sabugal – Fruits


Regarding vegetagion:

Alentejo, Beira Baixa and Spanish Extremadura have a special and unique ecossystem: Montado/Dehesa. This is a agrosilvapasturil manmade landscape. Sparse trees, mostly Quercus spp, that produce acorns, cork, lumber, and permits the use of the soil for grains production, livestock creation, wine, fruits, legumes production, olives. Sparse with some Woods also, because in the hills its not that sparse, (https://montadodesobroecortica.pt/o-montado/o-territorio/) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehesa)
A map of distribution in Portugal: https://www.researchgate.net/figure...lentejo-region-Source-COS-2015_fig3_338108420
Portugal is a very treed country. Grassland in Beira region e far from true. It should be Woods and Forest mostly:

Regarding terrain: With this map what I want to show is 2 things: Covilhã should be moutains terrain and the terrain away from the coastline is very hilly. Its always up and down. True flatlands are not common.

So my sugestions:
Portalegre: Portalegre, Nisa, Castelo de Vide,- Hills; Avis, Crato/Alter do Chão,Elvas-Flatlands
Évora: Évora, Montemor-o-Novo, Monsaraz – Flatlands: Estremoz-Hills
Beja: Beja, Moura, Serpa: Flatlands; Mértola, Ourique-Hills
Setúbal: Setúbal, Alcácer do Sal, Sines/Santiago do Cacém- Flatlands Odemira: Hills
Algarve: Aljezúr, Silves, Alcoutim – Hills; Lagos, Faro- Flatlands; Tavira-Marsh
Ribatejo: Coruche: Farmlands; Santarém, Abrantes, Tomar: Hills
Lisboa: Lisboa, Cascais, Torres Vedras, Alcobaça: Hills; Leiria:Flatlands
Beira Litoral: Coimbra-Farmlands; Esgueira-Marsh, Lamego, Viseu, Tondela/Besteiros: Hills
Beira Interior: Castelo Branco-Flatlands; Covilhã: Mountains; , Pinhel/Riba Coa, Guarda: Plateau; Trancoso, Sabugal: Hills

Olivenza and Alburquerque: Flatlands

I'm not looking into Minho and Trás os Montes because above Douro I really cant tell much

Hope that this will help
Another great post, thanks!
 
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