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Tinto Maps #8 - 28th of June 2024 - Russia

Hello, and welcome one more week to Tinto Maps! This week we’ll be taking a look at Russia!

As an introductory note, we’re just considering today the ‘Russian core’, which in 1337 comprised the different Russian Principalities, as far as the White Sea to the north, and the Ural Mountains to the east. The lands that would later be incorporated into the Russian Empire will be covered in future Tinto Maps (otherwise, we would have to cover like… 1/8th? of the land mass in just one DD).

Countries
Countries.png

Russia is divided into several Principalities in 1337. The dominant one probably is Muscovy, as its Grand Prince, Ivan I Danilovich ‘Kalita’ (‘Moneybag’) is also Prince of Nizhny Novgorod and Kostroma, and of Novgorod (by election, in this case). He also holds the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir, bestowed by the Khan of the Golden Horde, which makes him the ruler enforcing the ‘Tatar Yoke’ over other Russian Principalities (which in our game is represented through an IO; the coloring of the different countries is different tones of yellow as they are tributaries of the Yoke). The other main power in the region is the Grand Republic of Novgorod, with a completely different institutional structure, that allows them to pick their rulers. Their power comes from being the main trading power between the Baltic Sea and the Russian region, and it’s the overlord of two border countries, the Principality of Pskov, and the County of Oreshek, a buffer country in Karelia, as agreed with Sweden after a recent war. Several lands to the north and east are not owned by any country. As a final note, you may also see that Lithuania is the overlord of some of the principalities, some of them directly through Gediminid rulers (Polotsk or Vitebsk), while other over Rurikovich rulers (Smolensk or Rzhev).

Muscovy.png

Tatar Yoke.png

The starting diplomatic of Muscovy and the Tatar Yoke IO, for the sake of clarity.

Dynasties
Dynasties.png

Several branches of the House of Rurik rule over the Russian lands. Fun fact: we have 18 different branches portrayed in the game. The exceptions are a few principalities, and the ruler of Karelia, Prince Narimantas of the Lithuanian Gediminids. Also, the 'Cherdyn' and 'Vyatka' are randomly assigned dynasties, as we haven't been able to get the data for those countries on 1337.

Locations
Locations.png

We’re showing a less detailed region this week because, well, Russia is big. Feel free to ask for more detailed screenshots of specific areas, and I’ll try to provide them. We’re also showing some parts of the Steppe, Finland, and Kola, because of the scale of the map; take them as ‘unavoidable spoilers’, as we’ll talk more in-depth about them in future Tinto Maps.

Provinces
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The provinces of Russia. As usual, suggestions are welcomed!

Terrain
Climate.png

Topography.png

Vegetation.png

Terrain map modes. As discussed in previous Tinto Maps, we’ll read carefully your feedback, as we have plenty of room to polish them!

Cultures
Cultures.png

Cultures! As in other regions, we decided to have three different cultures in the Russian region, Novgorodian, Muscovite, and Severian. The design here is different than in the Ruthenian region, because Russia was more politically divided in the High Middle Ages, and would later be more culturally unified later on, while in Ruthenia, the situation would be the opposite. In any case, the four of them are East Slavic cultures, and we're open to feedback, of course. Apart from that, there are a bunch of different cultures bordering the region: Karelian, Pomor, Komi, Udmurt, etc. We might add some more minorities of these cultures, in the feedback pass after this DD. Also, take into account that the minorities over the Tatar lands (currently under the Kazani and Mishary cultures) are not yet done.

Religions
Religion.png

Eastern Orthodoxy is dominant in the region, although there are other religions in the area, as well; take ‘Animist’, ‘Tengrist’, and ‘Shamanist’ as wide categories, as we’d like to add a bit more granularity for them (although that will come later this year, don’t expect them to be added in the coming Tinto Maps, but maybe on the later ones). We’ve already seen some posts asking about Slavic Paganism; up until now, we’ve considered the Russian people to be Christianized, even if it was a more or less superficial process. If you’d like us to add this religion and some percentage of the population adhering to it, then I’d ask you for specific sources that could help us portray it (so, isolated references to it being followed here or there won’t be helpful, while academic sources saying ‘up to X% of the population was following Slavic rites’ might very much be).

Raw Materials
Raw Materials.png

Quite different resources to other regions previously shown, with plenty of Lumber, Fur, and Wild Game in this region. I’ve also extended a bit the screenshot to the east, so you can see the mineral richnesses of the Ural Mountains, with plenty of locations with Copper, Iron, Gold, and Lead, making it quite juicy to colonize.

Markets
Markets.png

The counter to the richness of the natural resources of the region is its integration into the different markets, which at the start of the game are centered around Novgorod, Moscow, and Kazan. Fully exploiting the economic possibilities of Russia will therefore require effort and patience.

Country and Location population
Country Population.png

Location Population SW.png

Location Population SE.png


Location Population NE.png

Location Population NW.png

Not many people inhabit the Russian core, approximately 6M in total. This poses a series of challenges regarding the expansion of any Russian country. Also, we've divided into 4 different maps of the location population of the region, to make it possible to visualize. A side note: you might note that the population of NW Novgorod and Karelia is calculated a bit differently. That's because Johan took care of drawing the Scandinavian map in an early stage of development, and the Content Design team took over the rest of Russia at a later stage when we had already refined a bit more our population calculation methods. This means that when we do the feedback pass after this Tinto Maps, in a few weeks, we'll homogenize the style, as well.

And this is all for today! We hope that you’ll find it interesting, and give us great feedback! Next week we’re traveling to Carpathia and the Balkans! See you!
 
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Good point on the issue of long-term climate change. Given the devs want to simulate the collapse of Norse Greenland, it would be great if the shift from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age could be fully represented everywhere, and not just a unique modifier to Greenland.
In the game, this can be realized through the production of warm clothes. This product should give bonuses for controlling the territory. From different raw materials (fur/ сloth/ silk) different amounts of warm clothes should be obtained (as with guns from some previous developer's diary). Plus the influence of technology, because no one needs warm clothes at the beginning of the game.
 
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Shevelov is a recognized researcher in his scientific field, and membership in a Ukrainian political organization in itself cannot refute his scientific research or testify to his bias. Because in this way we can get to the point that the French can study the history of the French language, the Czechs - the history of the Czech language, but only the history of the Ukrainian language can be studied by anyone, except the Ukrainians themselves, because they are by definition biased. There must be some scientific arguments for this. After all, Shevelov was objective when he criticized the works of Smal-Stotskiy, who proved the origin of Ukrainian directly from Proto-Slavic, but using the wrong methodology and out-of-context comparisons.

In general, I do not see anything implausible in the version supported by a part of linguists, that the various Slavic tribes in the vast territory from Novgorod in the north and the Carpathians in the south did not have a single common spoken language.

I do not doubt Zaliznyak's professionalism, but I do not know how closely he researched the medieval Slavic dialects in the territory of modern Ukraine (in comparison with Shevelov and other linguists who closely researched this topic). As far as I understand from the Russian Wikipedia article on the Old Novgorod dialect, which refers to Zaliznyak, according to his research, the Novgorod dialect developed separately and independently of the Old East Slavic language. This already contradicts the concept of the Old East Slavic language, which was supposedly the only one for all Eastern Slavs (for the people of Novgorod, as we can see, it was not).
Shevelov is widely recognized as Ukrainian language specialist (and he has my great respect for his research in this area of studies), but his collabarotion with OUN makes it really difficult to believe he has any ethos on works of general Slavic studies for understandable reasons. And your allegory is a bad example, because French can study French, but if a Nationalist French researcher from says Roman language was Celtic - it is beyond his authority on the metter until he proves it, or has more arguements to support himself. In this case theory is just a theory, and ethos of researcher plays a big role in how true we can consider this theory to be. Shevelov is really a good Ukrainian and even Belorussian language specialist, but his works on broader Slavic themes are not usually accepted outside of his tradition of "Common Russian"-deniers. It is simply another theory with its own arguments, which is mainly used by small non-mainstream group of Ukrainian linguists, who could not defeat arguements of another theories. Hope I made my position clear without pushing your position aside. Nimchuk is much better source for me with no to 0 bias.

Zaliznyak is a main researcher on the topic of developments of Slavic dialects, and it is really sad you were not able to study his works. As I said earlier, modern understanding of how Novgorod was different from other Rus' is mostly attributed to his works, and his general studies on the history and development of Russian using comparison methods (like Shevelov) show similarities on the entirity of Kievan Rus from Red Russia to Northeast with Novgorod being a bit separated.
He is also a main birch bark manuscript researcher. Using his comparative analysis he made a good effort in supporting his theories.
"The territory of Novgorod and Pskov was in the north-west, while the remaining part, which could either be called central, or central-eastern, or central-eastern-southern, comprised the territory of the future Ukraine, a substantial part of the future Russia, and the territory of Belarus … The Old Novgorodian dialect existed in the north-western part, while a somewhat more well-known classical variety of the Old Russian language united equally Kiev, Suzdal, Rostov, the future Moscow and the territory of Belarus"
"the Rostov-Suzdal-Ryazan language area did not significantly differ from the Kiev-Chernigov one. Distinctions emerged later, in a relatively recent, by linguistic standards, time, starting from the 14th–15th centuries"
But regarding Novgorod he also adds: "...north-western group of the East Slavs is a branch that should be regarded as separate already in the Proto-Slavic period"
He uses some facts to support the claim that Novgorodians did not consider themselfs to be Russians (as in Rus'), like did all East Slavic people. Only in 14th century the Novgorodians y start to call themself "Russians" in birch bark manuscripts.
 
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I'm worried about the population. This is a very huge number. The population in the 14th-15th centuries within the borders of the modern Moscow region ranged from 30 to 50 thousand. If we look at the game map, there are about 1,300 thousand people within these boundaries. Exceeds 26 times!!!
 
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I'm worried about the population. This is a very huge number. The population in the 14th-15th centuries within the borders of the modern Moscow region ranged from 30 to 50 thousand. If we look at the game map, there are about 1,300 thousand people within these boundaries. Exceeds 26 times!!!
You're not quite right. Population of North-Eastern Russia at the time was constantly rising and falling down. Moscow region was in fact growing really fast at the time, and at the start of 14th century made its way up as a re-settlement center from surrounding duchies and Southern Rus'.
Judging by secondary sources, North-Eastern Russia experienced fast agricultural recovery after Mongol Invasions, and its pre-war population was restored somewhat in 1300's, while decreasing hard after Black Death and restoring back around 1450, growing until 1600 and falling down due to the Time of Troubles, afterwards steadely growing through later history timeframe.
Using Kopanev's sources, he assumes population of Russian tsardom in 1550 reached around 9-10 millions. Excluding low populated conquests of Ivan the Terrible, such as Kazan and Astrakhan, population in the region at the time reached around 8 millions. Judging by year to year growth and assuming normal year to year % growth, in 1500 Russian population was around 7 million, and in 1400 was around 5 million.
Present population of around 4,5 millions is good enough before Black Death hits.
After Time of Trouble Russian region lost from 30% to 60% of its pre-trouble population and consisted of around 4-5 million people.

Judging by all means, it is not a bad population representation. Also, I did not mention neo-malthusian factors, which played big role in demographics. Growth of cities and decrease of farmland caused many troubles by itself, so gameplay-wise it might be better to adjust population down, or even rise it up depending on how bad Black Death and starting wars goind to exhaust the region.

Нефедов С. А. Демографически-структурный анализ социально-экономической истории России. Конец XV – начало XX века. -Екатеринбург: Издательство УГГУ, 2005. – 543 с.
История крестьянства России с древнейших времен до 1917 г. Т. 3. М., 1993. С. 17; Копанев А. И. Население Русского государства в XVI в.//Исторические записки. 1959. Т. 64. С. 237-244.
Готье Ю. А. Замосковный край в XVI веке. М., 1937. С. 115-116; Аграрная история Северо-Запада России XVII века. Л., 1989 (далее – АИСЗР. Т. IV). С. 11; Дегтярев А. Я. Русская деревня в XV-XVII веках. Очерки истории сельского расселения. Л., 1980. С. 170; Водарский Я. Е. Дворянское землевладение в России в XVII – первой половине XIX в. М.,1988. С. 54.
 
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Have you considered sub-dividing the climate even further?? I imagine that Belarus and Russia would have way more severe winters that for example Bohemia or Hungary, and yet they are all classified as 'Continental'.. I really want climate to be a significant factor in the game as it would have been historically.. Stuff like frozen rivers in the winter and a shorter growing season for crops are things which has historically played a big part in why Russia had a harder time developing than Western Europe.. I just feel like a complex climate system(coupled with complex terrain) would be very beneficial for the game..
 
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Modern Opole and 10th-16th century Opole are quite different in size and importance. Opole in the game time frame spreads further south and east, opposing modern Yurievo Opole. It should relatively be everything Russian to the south of where dense forests start. Its borderline in the North includes Vladimir-Moscow area, and its center should be based in Ryazan and Murom. Otherwise, historical Opole is traditionaly based on old Meryans land, which barely touches Ryazan and Murom, where Muroma people lived. I would say, main river flows in the area between Upper Volga and Oka plus everything until you reach Ryazan and Murom should be considered Opole at the time. Zalesye is more to the West and to the the East of this region, but two regions intercept in many cases.
Opole is a type of soil - fertile.
and the soil has not changed in the region since the 13th century.
So Opole is exactly the same as on the map above.
I have traveled around that region, Opole is clearly distinguished by its relief.
These fields and hills are beautiful. and around Opole there are swamps and mixed forests on poor soils.
 
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I would also like to provide data on the population. Perhaps someone has already done this in this thread, but just in case, I will contribute, and I apologize in advance for any repetition.

This information is taken from George Vernadsky's book "A History of Russia, Volume 3." Chapter III, part 8. I have summarized the essence and translated it into English:

"In the lands they conquered, the Mongols were quick to determine the paying capacity of the population by conducting a census. The Mongol censuses in Russia were carried out by order of the Great Khan, in agreement with the Khan of the Golden Horde. The population of a district, known in Mongol terminology as a 'tümen,' was approximately 200,000 people. After the 1270s, no general census was conducted.

The total revenue from taxes in Russia (excluding large cities) was estimated based on the number of tümen, which was initially established during the general censuses and considered constant. Large cities had to pay special taxes and therefore were not included in the tümen system.

A list of tümen in Western Russia appears in a decree of the Crimean Khan Mengli-Girey, written for the Polish King Sigismund I (1507). The same list, with some variations, was repeated in a letter from King Sigismund to the Crimean Khan Sahib-Girey (1540).

From these documents, we know of the existence of tümen named after the following cities and regions: 1. Kiev; 2. Vladimir-Volynsky; 3. Lutsk; 4. Sokal; 5. Podolia; 6. Kamenets (in Podolia); 7. Braslav (in Podolia); 8. Chernigov; 9. Kursk; 10. 'Tümen of Eholdea' (south of the Kursk region); 11. Lyubetsk (on the Oka River); 12. Okhura; 13. Smolensk; 14. Polotsk; 15-16. Ryazan (at least two tümen – Ryazan and Pronsk). To this list, regarding the first century of Mongol rule, should be added Galicia (ceded to Poland in 1349), which probably had three tümen: 17. Galicia; 18. Lviv; 19. Sanok. As for Eastern Russia, it is known that in 1360 the Grand Duchy of Vladimir consisted of 15 tümen; and during the reign of Tokhtamysh – of 17 tümen.

This figure does not include the Ryazan, Nizhny Novgorod, and Tver tümen. As we have just seen, the Grand Duchy of Ryazan paid for at least two tümen. The Grand Duchy of Nizhny Novgorod was counted as five tümen. Tver probably also consisted of five tümen. Tver was the strongest Russian principality after Moscow and could not include fewer tümen than Nizhny Novgorod.

Thus, we come to the conclusion that Eastern Russia had 27 tümen (15 in the Grand Duchy of Vladimir; two in Ryazan; five each in Nizhny Novgorod and Tver). Including 16 tümen in Western Russia, the total number would be 43. Assuming that on average each tümen comprised 200,000 people, the total population in all Russian tümen by 1275 was approximately 8,600,000 people."


As far as I know, these are the best data we have regarding the population of Russia in that era. And if we adhere to these figures, then the numbers presented in the diary clearly do not match them. For example, the Tver Principality should have at least 1,000,000 people. And the Moscow Principality, no less than 3,000,000 people. Which is probably too many :). Because in the game, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania has only 1.5 million people. But I just wanted to leave these numbers here in case they might be useful.
6 million for northeastern Rus' is an estimate of the population of the Russian kingdom under Ivan 4.
I will look for data on Mongolian censuses and their interpretation by historians.

But the declared 6 million for 1337 without southern fertile soils (south of Ryazan) is too much.
You can safely reduce by 25-40%.

What is 1 million in Tver? there is not even enough food for half of this population.

Similarly, 700 thousand in Nizhny Novgorod and Ryazan with 200 thousand in Smolensk raise deep doubts.

500 thousand in the Novgorod region - approximately yes for 1500.
 
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Thanks, appreciated!
- Polotskian (western half of warm green)
- Chernigovan (eastern half of warm green)
- Kyivan (light brown)
- Galician (yellow)

That just some random words, is there any sources for dividing Ruthenian culture into this 4 cultures. Ruthenian culture will be still break apart maybe in 1400-1500 so what is reason to add this weird cultures?
 
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on modernizing the ethnic map

We must remember that modern ethnic maps of small ethnic groups in Russia are not entirely correct.

For the peoples of the Volga region actively expanded their settlement areas already under Russian rule.
The Kazan Tatars participated in the Russian colonization program of Perm and the Urals, and Siberia.
The Chuvash and Mordovians actively populated both the middle Volga region and present-day Tatarstan.
The Tatars, who lived in Mordovia in the Middle Ages, moved to Bashkiria in the 18th century, etc.

To the north of the Tambov-Penza line, the Mordovians-Meshchera-Chuvash should live, interspersed with Tatars (Temnikov, Narovchat (Mokshi) - as places of settlement of the Tatar military-service nobility.

Drawing a large habitat for the Kazan Tatars-Bulgars is a controversial decision because
1) in 1337 - they are still very close to the Chuvash (like the Vladimir people to the Novgorod people) with the exception of faith.
2) Outside the small agricultural area near the rivers (Kazan-Bulgar-Suvar-Bilyar) - these are the lands of nomadic tribes (not Kazan Tatar-Bulgars).
The same Nogais also wandered from the Caspian Sea to Kazan in the 17th century (summer nomads).
3) Kazan Tatars are a religious community. Not ethnic. Mari, a Chuvash, an Udmurt who converted to Islam became a Tatar.


Comparison of military potentials with the population
Modern estimates of the military potential of the pre-Mongol Vladimir (Suzdal region) are 5-8 thousand horsemen (we do not take into account fantasies about the participation of militias with pitchforks).

According to the latest estimates, Dmitry Donskoy fielded up to 5 thousand riders on the Kulikovo Field, but most likely less - 3.5.
And his coalition included 60% of the territory of Vladimir (Suzdal region).

military potential of Novgorod in the 1270s (Battle of Rakovor) - 1000-1100 mounted men-at-arms (we do not take infantry into account, in Novgorod it was used ala Vikings - to move along rivers and collect tribute from northern tribes and territories)
 
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Did some rudimentary research on East Galindians, Wikipedia says they might have lived on to the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries but cites Russian language sources. Can someone check this out.
 
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It is off topic questions, but if Finland countries are not playable at the start of the game, will there be any Polynesian/Maori country playable? I personally would enjoy if there would be option to migrate from one island to another reinvade Taiwan or Duskinvade California.
 
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Terrain
Terrain map modes. As discussed in previous Tinto Maps, we’ll read carefully your feedback, as we have plenty of room to polish them!

Terrain leads me to some important questions:

- Are large rivers navigable or at least allow for expedited army movement? Novgorod was famous for its river pirates "Ushkuyniks" during the starting period of the game https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushkuyniks . River navigation was also very important for Yermak advancing into Siberia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Khanate_of_Sibir
- Will large rivers be impassable in some areas? Rivers like Volga should not be passable during summer in its wider areas (true for many other rivers also)
- Will there be a freezing mechanics for rivers and lakes? Specifically will it allow travel over them and battle? Historically it was common and there was an extremely famous battle on the lake https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_on_the_Ice (Heavy Calvary should have significant debuff on ice)
- Will Caspian allow for fleets? (have an idea on how to allow for that logically)
 
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I think you guys should strive to add more playable Northern Eurasian tags this time around. Basically one tribal tag for each culture, or more if they had states (the Mari, Mordvin, Komi and Udmurt had principalities, Tatars, Yakuts, Tuvans, Teleuts, Telengits and Khakas had khanates, Chukchi, Selkup some other groups resisted against Russians in an organized fashion). I CRAVE to play in the frozen north if possible. The same standard with Northern American tags basically, since the process here was very much similar down to foreign epidemics and colonization. Of course this is also a wish for the inclusion of Saami and Finnic tribes too, as well as Samoyeds of European Russia. A Finland releasable is far from enough, in terms of gameplay and immersion both.
 
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Sure. I considered breaking a bit more the map this week, already, but Russia was just on the border of what can be seen and what not, so I preferred to post just one map and offer more detailed ones if needed:
With reference to late Victor Temushev (Ви́ктор Никола́евич Те́мушев (белор. Віктар Мікалаевіч Цемушаў, a fabulous cartographer, one of 2 Temushev brothers), I'm slightly worried about your modelling of internal (in-fill) colonization. I'll try to describe 2 examples.

1) There was no Smolensk highway. Napoleon (if he invaded 400 yrs early) wouldn't have gone to Moscow in a straight line. BUT Napoleon did get to Moscow in a straight line. Transport routes changed over centuries (over timeframe of a game).
1a) Temushev provides examples from chronicles of armies using the river systems to travel around. IIRC, it was the reason for continued importance of small princedoms of the Upper Oka river. Like, if you start in 1337, this should be the preferred route for a century, maybe even two.
2) As you probably know, there was (and still is) a lot of empty space in this region. With enough granularity, some map cells have to be "wasteland".
2a) Temushev considers the definition of borders in the surviving acts & treaties. Sometimes, a river border is nice & neat, but many sections were described as "forest" or "marsh".
2b) Consequently, Temushev referenced a complaint by some Vyazma peasants: Mozhaysk settlers have cut through the border forest and poured over into what Vyazmans considered their side. In terms of your map, it means that Vetza (the province between Vyazma and Mozhaysk) has been a no man's land for some time but colonized later.
 
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You're not quite right. Population of North-Eastern Russia at the time was constantly rising and falling down. Moscow region was in fact growing really fast at the time, and at the start of 14th century made its way up as a re-settlement center from surrounding duchies and Southern Rus'.
Judging by secondary sources, North-Eastern Russia experienced fast agricultural recovery after Mongol Invasions, and its pre-war population was restored somewhat in 1300's, while decreasing hard after Black Death and restoring back around 1450, growing until 1600 and falling down due to the Time of Troubles, afterwards steadely growing through later history timeframe.
Using Kopanev's sources, he assumes population of Russian tsardom in 1550 reached around 9-10 millions. Excluding low populated conquests of Ivan the Terrible, such as Kazan and Astrakhan, population in the region at the time reached around 8 millions. Judging by year to year growth and assuming normal year to year % growth, in 1500 Russian population was around 7 million, and in 1400 was around 5 million.
Present population of around 4,5 millions is good enough before Black Death hits.
After Time of Trouble Russian region lost from 30% to 60% of its pre-trouble population and consisted of around 4-5 million people.

Judging by all means, it is not a bad population representation. Also, I did not mention neo-malthusian factors, which played big role in demographics. Growth of cities and decrease of farmland caused many troubles by itself, so gameplay-wise it might be better to adjust population down, or even rise it up depending on how bad Black Death and starting wars goind to exhaust the region.

Нефедов С. А. Демографически-структурный анализ социально-экономической истории России. Конец XV – начало XX века. -Екатеринбург: Издательство УГГУ, 2005. – 543 с.
История крестьянства России с древнейших времен до 1917 г. Т. 3. М., 1993. С. 17; Копанев А. И. Население Русского государства в XVI в.//Исторические записки. 1959. Т. 64. С. 237-244.
Готье Ю. А. Замосковный край в XVI веке. М., 1937. С. 115-116; Аграрная история Северо-Запада России XVII века. Л., 1989 (далее – АИСЗР. Т. IV). С. 11; Дегтярев А. Я. Русская деревня в XV-XVII веках. Очерки истории сельского расселения. Л., 1980. С. 170; Водарский Я. Е. Дворянское землевладение в России в XVII – первой половине XIX в. М.,1988. С. 54.
According to your sources, in 1646 the population of the Moscow state was estimated at 4.5-5 million. I think here it is very important to note what territories the Moscow state occupied in 1646 and that 300 years separate us from the date of interest. Therefore, yes, I don’t understand why there is such a huge population in this region on the game map.
 
I think this is what a cultural map should have looked like in 1337.
The Komi Permyak and Zyryans cover too much land in the north and the east . In the Principality of Perm they do not exist at all, they are replaced by the Udmurts
I think that instead of the name of the Kazani culture, it is better to use the name Bolgars, later we can give an event that will change the culture in the region.
The Khanty and Mansi once lived on both sides of the Ural Mountains, but many of them were assimilated into the Komi People in later years.
The Mari people inhabit a small area, they lived as far as Nizhny Novgorod
The Bashkirs should inhabit the lands that have the Mari culture in the south.
Mordvins do not exist on the map at all. They should be pagans with some influence of Islam and Christianity.
As for Vyatka Land this region should be culturally mixed.
CulturesRusia.png
 
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