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Tinto Maps #23 - 18th of October 2024 - China

Hello, and welcome to another week of Tinto’s fun Maps. This week it will be a huge one, as we will take a look at the entirety of China. It is a really big area, but it didn’t make sense to split it into multiple parts to present it separately, so we are showing it all at once. So, without further ado, let’s get started.

Countries
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Obviously the territory is dominated by Yuán, with Dali as its vassal. They appear big, strong, and scary, but they will have their own fair share of problems for sure. I will not go into detail into the countries that can be seen further south, as we will talk about Southeast Asia in a future Tinto Maps.

Societies of Pops
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Quite a variety of peoples in Southwest China, as you will see later in the culture maps.

Dynasties
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Here we finally have managed to catch the full name of the Borjigin dynasty in all its glory.

Locations
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Before you ask, there are around 1800 locations in China proper, not counting impassables and barring possible counting errors.

Provinces
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Areas
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Terrain
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You will notice here that there are few locations assigned as "farmlands", that's because when we did this part of the map there was yet not a clear criteria on how we would be defining the farmlands and their placement here hasn't been reviewed yet.

Development
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As mentioned before, the harsh changes of development at the end of China proper is probably too strong right now and it’s something that will have to be reviewed, especially at the Liáodōng area.

Natural Harbors
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Cultures
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There is a lot of cultural variation in China, not only among the sinitic peoples (which have been divided according to their linguistical and dialectal differences) but also having many other types of non-sinitic peoples. The resulting pie chart for the cultures of the country is a wonder to see indeed. And even if Yuán itself is Mongolian, there are actually very few Mongolian people in the country, as only the ruling class would belong to it. That is one other source of further trouble for Yuán.

Religions
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Considering religion, there is also a lot of variation in the South West, and one thing you will notice is the clear lack of “Animism”. We have finally eliminated Animism as a religion from the game and have divided it into many multiple ones. Besides this, and some Muslim presence in some areas, there are other small pockets of religions that do not get to appear in the map, like Manichaeism, Nestorianism, Judaism and Zoroastrianism. And the elephant in the room is the Mahayana, that we have already mentioned that we have plans on dividing it, but more on it at the end.

Raw Materials
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A very resource rich region, which makes it understandable that China was able to basically be self-sufficient in terms of resources for long periods in history, and with many sources of highly appreciated resources like silk, tea, and even soybeans. Another interesting thing is the division on the preference of grain cultivation, with rice being more prominent in the south while the north tends to favor wheat and sturdy grains (millet, basically).

Markets
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Population
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Yes, there’s a lot of population in China, and with that many people and that many resources it obviously has a lot of potential. We have been following population census of 1351 and 1393, which allows us to have the most accurate values we can have.

Now, before closing off, let me turn back once again to the subject of religion, as it has already been pointed out that having a single Mahayana religion covering both China and Tibet (and parts of India) may not be the best both for accuracy and gameplay reasons, and we basically agree with it so we are planning on reworking a bit but it hasn’t been done in time for this Tinto Maps. However, as we are aware that you are not able to provide proper feedback unless we present you something, let me now share with you what are our plans with it. Please keep in mind that I will NOT go into details about their mechanics, and only talk about their distribution.

First of all, Tibetan Buddhism will be split and turned into its own religion. Although it “technically” is part of the Mahayana branch, it is true that its practices have distinguished it from Chinese Buddhism enough to represent it as its own religion, starting from the fact that they do not follow the same canon. The Mahayana that was present in India was already an outlier from start, so it will be made into its own religion.

That leaves out that the current “Mahayana” remaining in game will be Chinese Buddhism, that is, those following the Chinese Buddhist canon, and it will be present in China, Korea, and Vietnam. The question remains on what to call the religion, and several things have to be considered for that:

  1. The religion will already include blended into it Confucianism and Daoism besides Buddhism, so all three religions are included. That means it can’t be named either Confucianism or Daoism, as they have been bundled in. Buddhism was taken as the base name because, from the three, it was considered as the one mostly oriented towards the “religious” (Confucianism being more focused on administration and Daoism on rituals), and the most similar to what an organized religion would be outside of China.
    1. As a subpoint on that, and I can’t go into details for it yet, but there will also be options inside it to favor Buddhism over Confucianism or the opposite, so that is already covered too.
  2. As mentioned, it will be present not only in China but also in Korea and Vietnam (and any other country that may convert too, like for example Japan), so naming it something that’s too intrinsic to Chinese identity would not be ideal. That would mean that a term like Sānjiào, although good, would feel a bit out of place when playing for example as Korea (we know that the concept spread there too, but it was more prominent inside China and regardless having the name be directly in Chinese would be the main issue when playing outside China)

So, for now, the current name we are considering for the religion is directly “Chinese Buddhism”, or even leaving it as “Mahayana”, understanding that the main current of Mahayana is the version following the Chinese canon anyway. But feel free to suggest any alternative naming if you feel that there may be a better option we haven’t thought of, as long as it takes into consideration the previous points. And of course, let us know your feedback on the proposed representation and distribution too.

And that’s it for today, after a bit longer closing than usual. Next week we’ll be back a bit further east, taking a look at Korea and Japan. Hope to see you there!
 
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I believe Taiwan deserves some natural harbours, especially given that Kaohsiung is one of the busiest container ports in the world.
Modern day? Yeah. But during the timespan of the game it was Tainan with the excellent natural harbour. It was large enough the large European ships could enter and covered by sand dunes strong enough to be able to have 2 separate forts on them (plus a third inland on the other side of the water). The sandy part in the front of the picture here would have another fort. I can not scan the book, maybe the devs have access to it too, but the Atlas Blau van der Hem, vol XLI also has several maps of the bay. Note that the bay no longer exists, alluvial deposits have filled it in and thus modern satellite imaging is useless.
Yeah Kaohsiung/Takau wasn't much of a natural harbor during this time.

The relevant ports were

Taioan, lagoon ( = Fort Zeelandia, Anping) in the attachment above (in Siraya on the DD map), the entire lagoon silted and is now land. Developed into modern Tainan City
Lukang, river mouth (in Babuza), also inland now due to silting. Modern Lukang Township
Bangka, deep inside Tamsui river (in Ketagalan). Remained relevant throughout the Age of Sails. Modern Wanhua District
Tamsui, river mouth (in Basai or Kulun, can't really tell from the map). Declined due to Bangka being closer to Qing-era colonies, but otherwise fine for sail ships. Modern Tamsui District.
Keelung, sound (in Basai). Steep entrance covered by a tall island and ends in flat land. The best natural harbor in Taiwan. However it's completely surrounded by mountains, cutting it off from Taipei, so it was not economically significant until the discovery of coal nearby and train tunnels connecting it with Taipei. Modern Keelung City
 
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No pearls along the pearl river?
It wasn't named after literal pearls, but a large, round-ish red sandstone 3-4m tall that stood right in the middle of the river outside of Guangzhou city which was known as Haizhu (海珠, lit. sea pearl). In the 17th or 18th century a fort was built on it and it became known as the Dutch Folly in English. The fort was demolished and the island converted into a park during the early Republic, but by then it was a elongated flat island with the original rock no longer visible. In 1931, land reclamation filled the part of the river between the island and the city and it ceased to be the landmark of the Pearl River.
lossy-page1-2662px-Plan_of_the_City_of_Canton%2C_1860.tif.jpg

In 1960 the name Haizhu was resurrected as a new name for the Henan District (Honam on the map), but it doesn't contain the original Haizhu.
 
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Modern day? Yeah. But during the timespan of the game it was Tainan with the excellent natural harbour. It was large enough the large European ships could enter and covered by sand dunes strong enough to be able to have 2 separate forts on them (plus a third inland on the other side of the water). The sandy part in the front of the picture here would have another fort. I can not scan the book, maybe the devs have access to it too, but the Atlas Blau van der Hem, vol XLI also has several maps of the bay. Note that the bay no longer exists, alluvial deposits have filled it in and thus modern satellite imaging is useless.
The fact that the entire bay disappeared from natural causes completely invalidates it from being a (good) natural port. A good natural port doesn't have such problems.
 
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What would you think of just naming the religion "Chinese", and then possibly having further "Korean", "Japanese", etc religions?

It's obviously not perfect, but the precedent for naming religions after an ethnic group when there isn't an appropriate name is already in-game (see half of the new animist religions). It also seems like it would be an intuitive option, a lot of people in this thread have already been referring to it as "the Chinese religion/beliefs/etc" while debating which other name to give it.
I agree with the concept, I argued for it in the thread, but the names are a no. The reason many of these animist religions use their ethnic names is because most ethnic religions haven't been given names by their followers (especially outside Asia and Europe). Paradox is choosing using the ethnic names as a alternative to making up new names for perfectly valid reasons, it's a big job and also kind of disrespectful to give many of these groups names without their consent or even knowing. Yet the folk religions of East Asia do have names. Shinto, Musok, Shendao, i don't know about Vietnam honestly, but they probably have one too. If they split mahayana up, they shouldn't give it a placeholder filing cabinet name because there are already used names.
 
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We are studying all possible options, but we'd like to avoid something that is too verbose.
"Three Teachings" really doesn't sound more verbose than many religions already in game, and it's pretty clear and flavorful as it's just a translation of Sanjiao that works for all countries.


Even Sanjiao itself could work, it was also used in Korea, and Vietnam used tam giáo, obviously of the same origin.
 
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Yes, unfortunately it is quite small, and there are other mechanics that allow us to express its function. But we may review that.
I would strongly support the addition of Macau

1) Xiangshan location is quite large, more than twice the size of many neighboring locations. Splitting off its southern parts wouldn't cause any issues
2) Macau was one of the longest lasting and most successful European colonies in Asia. 442 years of Portuguese rule over a significant town and trading post, with a significant number of Portuguese settling seem to warrant more than just a building
3) It is small, yes, but other strategically vital or historically important locations across the world were enlarged, and as per 1), it would not be any challenge to do that here
4) Macau has been a province not only in EU4 but throughout EU3 as well. Increasing the density worldwide by 10-30 times (and in China by basically *50* times since early EU3), and cutting one of the most iconic and historically important places is just odd
 
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I would strongly support the addition of Macau

1) Xiangshan location is quite large, more than twice the size of many neighboring provinces. Splitting off its southern parts wouldn't cause any issues
2) Macau was one of the longest lasting and most successful European colonies in Asia. 442 years of Portuguese rule over a significant town and trading post, with a significant number of Portuguese settling seem to warrant more than just a building
3) It is small, yes, but other strategically vital or historically important locations across the world were enlarged, and as per 1), it would not be any challenge to do that here
4) Macau has been a province not only in EU4 but throughout EU3 as well. Increasing the density worldwide by 10-30 times (and in China by basically *50* times since early EU3, and cutting one of the most iconic and historically important places is just odd
I honestly think Macau should just be represented as an extraterritorial building owned by Portgual. Making it a location means it needs to be blown up in size, which implies that the Ming dynasty sold tens of thousands of peasants to the Portuguese which is not true. The land they gave to the Portguese had no value. In general trade concessions like this should be represented as buildings, not locations, because they exist for the benefit of both the trading power and the host country, not at the host country's expense.
 
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I honestly think Macau should just be represented as an extraterritorial building owned by Portgual. Making it a location means it needs to be blown up in size, which implies that the Ming dynasty sold tens of thousands of peasants to the Portuguese which is not true. The land they gave to the Portguese had no value. In general trade concessions like this should be represented as buildings, not locations, because they exist for the benefit of both the trading power and the host country, not at the host country's expense.
then make other such small locations like Gibraltar also buildings.
 
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Ming dynasty sold tens of thousands of peasants to the Portuguese which is not true
In 1622, the year of the great Dutch attack on Macau, there were six hundred Portuguese living in Macau. The Chinese population of the territory was estimated, by the Portuguese, to number around ten thousand people. Despite living in Macau, they were under Chinese jurisdiction, and answered to Chinese authorities (not to the Portuguese ones).

In fact, the fate of the continuation of Portuguese presence in the territory rested as much in a successful military defense against the Dutch as it did on the neutrality (or non hostility towards the Portuguese) of the Chinese population.

China didn't sell the land to Portugal, rather they allowed Portuguese (very conditional) settlement there - and I think some form of payment (ie. rent) was involved.
 
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Just and idea with no logic more to it than its to the east of India and Tibet "Eastern Mahayana". I think calling it Chinese Mahayana might be wrong since it is in Korea and Dai viet also.
Another Idea might be to call it whatever kingdom/empire brought it to china/korea/Dai viet at that time but that might be hard to track down.

Another point. The small island south west of Taiwan it looks wierd with the name Lloa connecting to Taiwan mainland either I think the island could be seperated as its own province which could be a cool strategic island to controll or perhaps just rotate that name so it stick to the Taiwan mainland.

I am curious about Gaizhou and its surrounding provinces in north eastern China bordering Korea why it has so few locations compared to rest of Eastern China.
 
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"Three Teachings" really doesn't sound more verbose than many religions already in game, and it's pretty clear and flavorful as it's just a translation of Sanjiao that works for all countries.


Even Sanjiao itself could work, it was also used in Korea, and Vietnam used tam giáo, obviously of the same origin.
What would you call its followers tho?Triple Teachians?the Teached?
 
Why is Hangzhou a better port compared to the adjacent Zhoushan or Ningbo? Hangzhou was (and is) the estuary of the Qiantang River, coupled with the shallow but wide expanse of the Hangzhou Bay, meant that there was significant silt buildup in Hangzhou harbours, ultimately making Hangzhou a poor port, in particularly for seafaring ships. On the other hand, the Zhoushan-Ningbo area had multiple deep-sea ports and are shielded from Pacific winds, due to the Zhoushan archipelago. Historically, during the Ming dynasty, Zhoushan was one of the most significant centres of smugglers and pirates, and only remained undeveloped due Ming policies (islands are quite difficult to control, especially complex archipelagos). To this day, Zhoushan is one of the most major seaports in the entire world. Why is Zhoushan a much worse seaport than Hangzhou?
 
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View attachment 1203655

Wait, Hong Kong (Jiulóng), but no Macau? :( How come?

Do I have to make my own Macau? With blackjack? And hookers?
The political status of Macau was actually complex in lieu of simply charactizing it as a colony, especially for the time before 1845 when Portuguese expelled Chinese officials in Macau. To put it simple, the city was basically self-governing under both Portugese and Chinese influence and the local-born European-orgin Macanese made full use of two powers to sustain their autonomy.

For Portugese, Macau is one of the most important trade post in Asia, or the only European trade post in China, nominally under sovereignty of the Crown and governance of Portuguese India but their control was very loose given the distance and the decline of their Empire. For Chinese Empire, Macau is a tiny foreign settlement under control of Xiangshan County and Xiangshan County sent officials to collect tax in Macau in Ming and Qing government.

A good example that proved this complexity would be British invasion of Macau in 1802 and 1808. At that time, Portugal was trapped in Napoloenic wars and British sent a fleet to garrison Macau with permission of the Portuguese Crown and governors. Macanese, however, refused the British garrisons and reported it to the Chinese government. Angered by British invasion, the emperor and his government ordered British to leave, asserting Macau was a Chinese territory and Portuguese government had no right to hand over its sovereignity to British.
 
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The political status of Macau was actually complex in lieu of simply charactizing it as a colony, especially for the time before 1845 when Portuguese expelled Chinese officials in Macau. To put it simple, the city was basically self-governing under both Portugese and Chinese influence and the local-born European-orgin Macanese made full use of two powers to sustain their autonomy.

For Portugese, Macau is one of the most important trade post in Asia, or the only European trade post in China, nominally under sovereignty of the Crown and governance of Portuguese India but their control was very loose given the distance and the decline of their Empire. For Chinese Empire, Macau is a tiny foreign settlement under control of Xiangshan County and Xiangshan County sent officials to collect tax in Macau in Ming and Qing government.

A good example that proved this complexity would be British invasion of Macau in 1802 and 1808. At that time, Portugal was trapped in Napoloenic wars and British sent a fleet to garrison Macau with permission of the Portuguese Crown and governors. Macanese, however, refused the British garrisons and reported it to the Chinese government. Angered by British invasion, the emperor and his government ordered British to leave, asserting Macau was a Chinese territory and Portuguese government had no right to hand over its sovereignity to British.

I am aware the status of the city was always complex. This wouldn't be a big issue if Hong Kong wasn't also clearly recreated in the game, despite the fact that it only became a colony in the same "Victoria" game period in which the Sino-Portuguese Unequal Treaty elevated Macau into an official Portuguese possession.

So I wouldn't mind Macau being out of Project Caesar. If Hong Kong was also out, that is. Just seems... unequal.
 
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