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Tinto Maps #23 - 18th of October 2024 - China

Hello, and welcome to another week of Tinto’s fun Maps. This week it will be a huge one, as we will take a look at the entirety of China. It is a really big area, but it didn’t make sense to split it into multiple parts to present it separately, so we are showing it all at once. So, without further ado, let’s get started.

Countries
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Obviously the territory is dominated by Yuán, with Dali as its vassal. They appear big, strong, and scary, but they will have their own fair share of problems for sure. I will not go into detail into the countries that can be seen further south, as we will talk about Southeast Asia in a future Tinto Maps.

Societies of Pops
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Quite a variety of peoples in Southwest China, as you will see later in the culture maps.

Dynasties
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Here we finally have managed to catch the full name of the Borjigin dynasty in all its glory.

Locations
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Before you ask, there are around 1800 locations in China proper, not counting impassables and barring possible counting errors.

Provinces
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Areas
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Terrain
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You will notice here that there are few locations assigned as "farmlands", that's because when we did this part of the map there was yet not a clear criteria on how we would be defining the farmlands and their placement here hasn't been reviewed yet.

Development
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As mentioned before, the harsh changes of development at the end of China proper is probably too strong right now and it’s something that will have to be reviewed, especially at the Liáodōng area.

Natural Harbors
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Cultures
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There is a lot of cultural variation in China, not only among the sinitic peoples (which have been divided according to their linguistical and dialectal differences) but also having many other types of non-sinitic peoples. The resulting pie chart for the cultures of the country is a wonder to see indeed. And even if Yuán itself is Mongolian, there are actually very few Mongolian people in the country, as only the ruling class would belong to it. That is one other source of further trouble for Yuán.

Religions
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Considering religion, there is also a lot of variation in the South West, and one thing you will notice is the clear lack of “Animism”. We have finally eliminated Animism as a religion from the game and have divided it into many multiple ones. Besides this, and some Muslim presence in some areas, there are other small pockets of religions that do not get to appear in the map, like Manichaeism, Nestorianism, Judaism and Zoroastrianism. And the elephant in the room is the Mahayana, that we have already mentioned that we have plans on dividing it, but more on it at the end.

Raw Materials
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A very resource rich region, which makes it understandable that China was able to basically be self-sufficient in terms of resources for long periods in history, and with many sources of highly appreciated resources like silk, tea, and even soybeans. Another interesting thing is the division on the preference of grain cultivation, with rice being more prominent in the south while the north tends to favor wheat and sturdy grains (millet, basically).

Markets
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Population
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Yes, there’s a lot of population in China, and with that many people and that many resources it obviously has a lot of potential. We have been following population census of 1351 and 1393, which allows us to have the most accurate values we can have.

Now, before closing off, let me turn back once again to the subject of religion, as it has already been pointed out that having a single Mahayana religion covering both China and Tibet (and parts of India) may not be the best both for accuracy and gameplay reasons, and we basically agree with it so we are planning on reworking a bit but it hasn’t been done in time for this Tinto Maps. However, as we are aware that you are not able to provide proper feedback unless we present you something, let me now share with you what are our plans with it. Please keep in mind that I will NOT go into details about their mechanics, and only talk about their distribution.

First of all, Tibetan Buddhism will be split and turned into its own religion. Although it “technically” is part of the Mahayana branch, it is true that its practices have distinguished it from Chinese Buddhism enough to represent it as its own religion, starting from the fact that they do not follow the same canon. The Mahayana that was present in India was already an outlier from start, so it will be made into its own religion.

That leaves out that the current “Mahayana” remaining in game will be Chinese Buddhism, that is, those following the Chinese Buddhist canon, and it will be present in China, Korea, and Vietnam. The question remains on what to call the religion, and several things have to be considered for that:

  1. The religion will already include blended into it Confucianism and Daoism besides Buddhism, so all three religions are included. That means it can’t be named either Confucianism or Daoism, as they have been bundled in. Buddhism was taken as the base name because, from the three, it was considered as the one mostly oriented towards the “religious” (Confucianism being more focused on administration and Daoism on rituals), and the most similar to what an organized religion would be outside of China.
    1. As a subpoint on that, and I can’t go into details for it yet, but there will also be options inside it to favor Buddhism over Confucianism or the opposite, so that is already covered too.
  2. As mentioned, it will be present not only in China but also in Korea and Vietnam (and any other country that may convert too, like for example Japan), so naming it something that’s too intrinsic to Chinese identity would not be ideal. That would mean that a term like Sānjiào, although good, would feel a bit out of place when playing for example as Korea (we know that the concept spread there too, but it was more prominent inside China and regardless having the name be directly in Chinese would be the main issue when playing outside China)

So, for now, the current name we are considering for the religion is directly “Chinese Buddhism”, or even leaving it as “Mahayana”, understanding that the main current of Mahayana is the version following the Chinese canon anyway. But feel free to suggest any alternative naming if you feel that there may be a better option we haven’t thought of, as long as it takes into consideration the previous points. And of course, let us know your feedback on the proposed representation and distribution too.

And that’s it for today, after a bit longer closing than usual. Next week we’ll be back a bit further east, taking a look at Korea and Japan. Hope to see you there!
 
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Apart from existing religion, should Yao/Mien people became Daoism or some kind of Chinese religion as they had converted into Daoism by the 13th Century, with the efforts from Song Dynasty, and their religious language is Chinese.
 
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Talking about the religion issue of China Empire, the secularization based on Confucianism is a better way to understand the situation, as there are only a few era the religion play a similar role as Abraham Religion has been playing in most place of the world, in the field of grassroots governance, public ideology shaping etc..
After Confucianism became the mainstreaming ideology of China Empire, the empire divided the worships into two categories: Zhengsi (正祀, decency worship or pro-autocratic-monarchy worship) and Yinsi (淫祀, uncivilized worship or anti-the-authority worship). For Zhengsi, the empire recognizes them, protects their temple, tolerates their ceremony and even convert place believing in Yinsi to Zhengsi. The basic kind of Zhengsi include ancestor worship, worship to Confucius together with the distinguished scholars of Confucianism, historical hero worship, wildly spreading folk beliefs etc. Meanwhile, animism, witchcraft and new born local folk beliefs are tend to be defined as Yinsi by the Empire, and then be suppressed by Confucianism bureaucrats. As for self-making religions like Taoism, Buddhism, Christianity, Zoroastrian Manichaeism, Islam etc., their are at a embarrassed place: if a particular religion controls less social wealth and exists in the Empire for a longer time , the clerics have less interested in politics and the temples pay more on social relief, this religion (usually a sect like Quanzhen, Zhengyi, Chinese Buddhism, Nestorianism) can gain a status close to Zhengsi, if the religion does opposites against what listed above, it will be seen as YInsi and be destroyed. There also a gray area between Zhengsi and Yinsi.
TO REFLECT THE RELIGION PATTERN IN CHINA EMPIRE, (perhaps we can call it as Confucianism Secularization), we need a game mechanics based on EU4's Confucianism: integrate (provide more buffs, less debuffs), anti (provide debuffs) and tolerates (provide less buffs, more debuffs).
Above.
My view on Confucianism is that neo-Confucianism is totally different from Han Dynasty Confucianism. Neo-Confucianism is very secularized and use religions as tool to build their government, which also means government had the authority to control religions for their best interest. This utilitarianism in religions is described by early Jesuits as Atheism. For example, the Sinicitization of Yuannan was along with spread of Islam in 1253. Court members of Ming Dynasty were converted to Roman Catholicism for protection from Manchu invasion. Qing Dynasty used Tibetan Buddhism as their means of control over Mongolia and Tibet.

Modern studies in Confucianism, or rather those research conducted after 1949, especially those based on so-called "Mandate of Heaven", constructed alternative narrative of politico-religious understanding under a stereotyped anti-communism framework, which is very different from original understanding of Conducianism since early modern times. The conceptualized "Mandate of Heaven" can be very important in Han Dyansty Confucianism, but Neo-Confucianism is somehow Atheism according to early early Jesuit missionaries because neo-Confucianists did not really believe in the relationship between human and nature, or Mandate of Heaven, which was introduced by Han Dynasty Confucianism. If you search the Cambridge of History of China, you will find the whole volumes of Yuan and Ming dynasties, the word "Mandate of Heaven" only appeared 3 times each volume, while in the volume of Han Dynasty more than 25 times in one volume. At laest by the time of Neo-Confucianism (since 12th Century), "Mandate of Heaven" was not only the central theory of Confucianism.
Confucianism’s atheism was therefore deemed the corrupted form of an ancient monotheism... The coexistence of the three Chinese religions was a kind of imposture that used religion as a means of government. That specific imposture was due to a non-religion, to the Confucian atheism of the ruling class... Catto, M. (2020)
Early Confucianism understanding of Mandate of Heaven is either religious or politcal but an objetive observation as modern western scholars discussed today:
For example, A. C. Graham explains Confucius' knowing heaven's mandate as “a calm recognition that personal fortune and the rise and fall of good government are ultimately beyond man's control, and that to be at peace it is enough to have done one's best” (1989, pp. 17–18)
In this understanding, Tian, the force beyond human control, could be both mythical and empirical but generally agnostic, which makes the difference between Han Dynasty Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism, as well as those with early Confucianism. Early Confucianism argued that the force of Tian is from the people, which believed that "Men are the masters of shen (gods) 民神之主也” (Liang 1996: 33–44)" (Zuozhuan, BC 706). The god's power or the natural force beyond human understanding is from the people. The first account of Mandate of Heaven also clarified how the Heaven's mandate was sourced from the people, which justified the Zhou conquest of Shang Dynasty in c. 1046 BC.
Heaven has compassion upon the people. What the people desire, Heaven will be found to give effect to. Aid me, the One man, to cleanse forever (all within) the four seas. ’天矜于民,民之所欲,天必從之。爾尚弼予一人,永清四海。(Shangshu, p. 35)
Further, against Han Dynasty Confucianism's mythical teaching, neo-Confucianism believed that the world is made from Li (理, reason; logic; truth; science), and either heaven or gods are products of Li. This is why neo-Confucianism is called "理学" (study of Li) and the modern term "bachelor of science" was still translated as "理学士" (bachelor of study of Li). That's why Jesuits critized the neo-Confucianism teaching of Zhu Xi, the most influential master of neo-Confucianism, as dangerous natural scientist, because he believed Li, the ultimate force of the world, existed in everything and we can learn it through gewu(格物, study of things). Zhang Zai, one of the founders of Neo-Confucianism, claimed that
Although the Heaven and Earth creation of thunders and plants seem strange to human, we are not strange about them because we know about their formation; likewise, strange though the human creation of pottery, mentalwork, and vehicles seem against the natural formation, we are not strange about them because we know the theory behind them... The current discourse on ghosts and spirits claims that they are shapeless, like heaven and earth, and their actions are said to resemble those of humans. But how could it be that the spirit of a dead person possesses the power of both heaven and humanity? 天地之雷霆草木至怪也,以其有定形故不怪,人之陶冶舟车亦至怪也,以其有定理故不怪。……今之言鬼神,以其无形则如天地,言其动作则不异于人,岂谓人死之鬼反能兼天人之能乎?
In Zhang's theory, the superspiritual powers come from either human force or natural force and serve no connection between these two powers, which is against traditional understanding of Mandate of Heaven that supernatural powers will punish or award humans for their governance. Wang Anshi, Chancellor of Song Dynasty in the 11th century, asserted that "Floods and droughts are natural occurrences, and even the virtuous rulers Yao and Shun could not avoid them. 水旱常数,尧汤不免". Likewise, Liu Ji, one of founding minsters of Ming Dynasty, denied that natural disasters are warnings from the Heaven:
Can heaven truly bring blessings or calamities upon people? To love what is good and to hate what is evil is the will of heaven. Blessings come to the good, and misfortune falls upon the evil, which is the way of heaven. However, those who do good are not always blessed, and those who do evil are not always punished, for this would go against the will of heaven. If heaven were able to bestow blessings or calamities upon people, would it not be contradicting its own nature by exhausting its way? Therefore, it is clear that heaven cannot bring blessings or calamities upon people. 天乌能降祸福于人哉?好善而恶恶,天之心也。福善而祸恶,天之道也。为善者不必福,为恶者不必祸,天之心违矣。使天而能降祸福于人也,而岂自戾其心以穷其道哉?天之不能降祸福于人亦明矣。
Futhurmore, Zhang Juzheng, Chancellor of Ming Dynasty in 16th century and teacher of Wanli Emperor, refused to acknoloedge Heaven had any human-like mind to punish or bless the dynasty; instead he asserted that "the Dao of Heaven does not have a heart 天道无心" and refuted those who tried to prove "the relationship between heaven and humanity thourgh unplausible assosication and assumption 牵合推测,以验天人之际". This also explained why so many revolts still want to restore Ming Dynasty even though Manchu conquered China after 200 years and led to revolutions even though Ming lost the Mandate of Heaven because of disasters.

It is worrying that many modern Sinology studies seem to put Mandate of Heaven in the center of Confucianism or even modern China history, regardless of neo-Confucianism and later Communism impact. It has made the Mandate of Heaven a stereotype in popular teaching of Chinese history, far more from what it should deserve in history. Mandate of Heaven as a divine rights was an invention of Dong Zhongshu in Han Dynasty, and as this comment attempted to prove, the meaning of Mandate of Heaven had evolved over time, from a mythical basis towards a more empirical understanding. Neo-Confucianism understanding of Mandate of Heaven is totally different from its original meaning after over 1000 years; neo-Confucianism believed in a world where Heaven is indefferent to humans, while the reputation and popularity of the dynasty, instead of natural disasters, is more determinant in retaining the Mandate of Heaven.

I am very worried about another replica of EU4 mandate of heaven DLC based on totally western-biased, ahistorical, anachronistic understanding of Confucianism and Mandate of Heaven. Please respect neo-Confucianism as mainstream ideology and its development in Mandate of Heaven.
 
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About Liaodong's ethnicity, it is rather complex.
View attachment 1220768
On Kingdom of Shenyang
As the map shows, we have Liaodong peninsula under Chinese army, Kingdom of Shenyang under a union with Goryeo and Liaoyang Province under Mongol-appointed Hong Pok-wŏn family, who known in Korean scripts "hated his motherland".

In 1266, Kublai Khan established Shenyang as a location for Goryeo POW. In 1308, Prince Wang Wŏn of Goryeo was awarded Kingdom of Shenyang for his military service, who inherited the Kingdom of Goryeo in the same year as Chungseon of Goryeo. After retirement, he transfered Shenyang to his niece Wang Ko, and Goryeo to his second son, Chungsuk of Goryeo. In 1345, Chungmok of Goryeo inherited Shenyang again.

On Chinese population in Liaodong
There are two possible sources of Chinese in Liaoyang Province. According to History of Yuan (HoY), the government issued new official regulation stating: "(For higher officers' promotions), Jurchen and Khitans are treated like Chinese; Jurchen born and raised in Chinese regions are to be treated like Chinese." Therefore, highly Sinicized Jurchens and Khitans living in the cities were considered Chinese under Yuan Dynasty.

Aslo from HoY, in 1284, 1289, and 1293, the government dispatched 1272 households, 1000 men, and 1360 households of newly surrended troops to build Tuntian ("military-agricultural colonies") in Jinzhou and Fuzhou, around south end of Liaodong Peninsula. A modern source (in Chinese) estimated about 18k Chinese migrated in Liaodong Peninsula. The same source also confirmed that 8 of 9 last Yuan military leaders stationed in Liaodong were Chinese, who later surrended to Ming Dynasty.
Sub-Division of Mandarin Dialects Regarding Historical Tone Categories

Beijing MandarinNortheastern MandarinJiaoliao MandarinJilu MandarinCentral Plains MandarinLanyin MandarinSouthwestern MandarinJianghuai Mandarin
Historical Unvoiced Entering Tones (古清入)mixedmixed, but more departing tonesRising toneYin level toneYin level toneDeparting toneYang level toneEntering tone
Historical Semi-Voiced Entering Tones (古次浊入)Departing toneDeparting toneDeparting toneDeparting toneYin level toneDeparting toneYang level toneEntering tone
Historical Fully Voiced Entering Tones(古全浊入)Yang level toneYang level toneYang level toneYang level toneYang level toneYang level toneYang level toneEntering tone
This is the table about criteria of Mandarin subdivisions from Encyclopedia of China, from which we can construct the history of subdivision of Mandarin based on their features.
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The map shows how Mandarin evolved during 11-14th century.
  • In the 11th century, most of mandarin-speaking areas were under Northern Song Dynasty where the language was standardized based on Bianliang dialect, while Beijing-adjacent areas may speak slightly differently from standard Mandarin.
  • When Jurchen occupied northern China in the 12th century, mandarin in the mountainous north and Song territory in the south were more conservative than that in the north plains. The mandarin in the mountainous north later became Jin dialect and the southern mandarin later became Jianghuai dialect.
  • During Yuan Dynasty, southern Mandarin spread to Sichuan in the late Yuan Dynasty, where it was strongly influenced by local Bashu dialect, while the "northern mandarin" in the northeast became more innovative under Mongol influence.
  • My personal oppinion on Lanyin and Beijing Mandarin: they formed in early Ming Dynasty with clear evident influence from Jianghuai Mandarin. For Lanyin Mandarin, it is more conservative than Zhongyuan Mandarin, which can be abnormal given its multi-lingual location under Tangut, Tibetan, and Uygur influences; only an overwhelming influence from other conservative Mandarin dialects can explain this conservativeness (e.g. massive migration for military garrisons). For Beijing Mandarin, it is clear that the Ming Dynasty Beiing Mandarin was different from that descibed in the book of Zhongyuan Yinyun (中原音韵) druing Yuan Dynasty, while Jiaoliao Mandarin preserve most of phonological features of Yuan Dynasty Beijing Mandarin; Yuan Dynasty Beijing Mandarin and Jiaoliao Mandarin were the same dialect but those in Ming Dynasty were different.
Conclusions:
  1. Bashu dialects survived in 1337 but was soon replaced by southern Mandarin from Jianghuai plains. The spread was under strong influence of local dialects and distinguished it from original Jianghuai Mandarin.
  2. Dongbei, Jilu, Jiaoliao Mandarins did not exist in 1337 but they are together as a unified dialect in Yuan dynasty. Liu (1995) called this group of Mandarin dialects as "northern Mandarin"/"Beifang Mandarin" (北方官话) while as you see, the term "northern Mandarin" is actually ambiguous.
  3. Lanyin Mandarin is closer to Zhongyuan Mandarin but we had no clue they existed in Yuan Dynasty. (I will explain the ethnic distribution of Gansu Province in the later post. )
Recommendations:
  1. Make Mandarin dialects as a whole to avoid category changes.
  2. Make northern Mandarin as Zhongyuan Mandarin while keep the southern Jianghuai Mandarin.
  3. Redesign culture distrbution based on something other than languagues. (Yan, Shangdong, Zhongyuan, Jianghuai, proposed )
Futher research on the southern boundary of Mandarin in Hubei Province: - based on Zhang (1999) and Mou (2016)

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This map is intended to present pre-Xinan Mandarin distribution of dialect. Xinan Mandarin was dveloped from Jianghuai Dialect and formed in mid-Ming Dynasty.

First of all, the native language in Hunan and Hubei is Chu Chinese, which is known over two thousands years ago. Linguist Yuen Ren Chao often described the Huangxiao dialects of Jianghuai Mandarin (Chu-Gan-Jianghuai Mix) is typical Chu language for its preservation of ancient lanugae. Also, Xiang was developed from Southern Chu dialect. However, in modern Xinan Dialect, Chu only played a less important role in its composition. Jianghuai is the main source of Xinan Manadrin instead of Chu. Therefore, in the north of Yangtze, 50+% population must be Jianghuai-speaking.

Second, a considerable Bashu-speaking population lived in the major cities along Yangtze River for business. Bashu people occupied the upper Yangtze basin and mountainous section of the river, infusing their language wtih native Chu language.

Third, the north part of Chu modern Ebei Xinan Mandarin, including Jianghuai language island in the west, now is a mix of Zhongyuan, Chu, and Bashu dialect (风烟犹楚蜀,音语带周秦; translate: the landscape is similar to Chu and Bashu while their language sounds like Zhongyuan).

Lastly, Gan language may be removed from the existing map but we don't really know the language before its migration. A plausible arguement is that the regional langugae before is native Chu language.
 
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Quote from Marco Polo's Travels:
Concerning the Great Province of Tangut.
After you have travelled thirty days through the Desert, as I have described, you come to a city called Sachiu, lying between north-east and east; it belongs to the Great Kaan, and is in a province called Tangut.{1} The people are for the most part Idolaters, but there are also some Nestorian Christians and some Saracens. The Idolaters have a peculiar language, and are no traders, but live by their agriculture.{2} They have a great many abbeys and minsters full of idols of sundry fashions, to which they pay great honour and reverence, worshipping them and sacrificing to them with much ado. For example, such as have children will feed up a sheep 204in honour of the idol, and at the New Year, or on the day of the Idol’s Feast, they will take their children and the sheep along with them into the presence of the idol with great ceremony. Then they will have the sheep slaughtered and cooked, and again present it before the idol with like reverence, and leave it there before him, whilst they are reciting the offices of their worship and their prayers for the idol’s blessing on their children. And, if you will believe them, the idol feeds on the meat that is set before it! After these ceremonies they take up the flesh and carry it home, and call together all their kindred to eat it with them in great festivity [the idol-priests receiving for their portion the head, feet, entrails, and skin, with some part of the meat]. After they have eaten, they collect the bones that are left and store them carefully in a hutch.{3}
And you must know that all the Idolaters in the world burn their dead. And when they are going to carry a body to the burning, the kinsfolk build a wooden house on the way to the spot, and drape it with cloths of silk and gold. When the body is going past this building they call a halt and set before it wine and meat and other eatables; and this they do with the assurance that the defunct will be received with the like attentions in the other world. All the minstrelsy in the town goes playing before the body; and when it reaches the burning-place the kinsfolk are prepared with figures cut out of parchment and paper in the shape of men and horses and camels, and also with round pieces of paper like gold coins, and all these they burn along with the corpse. For they say that in the other world the defunct will be provided with slaves and cattle and money, just in proportion to the amount of such pieces of paper that has been burnt along with him.{4}
But they never burn their dead until they have [sent 205for the astrologers, and told them the year, the day, and the hour of the deceased person’s birth, and when the astrologers have ascertained under what constellation, planet, and sign he was born, they declare the day on which, by the rules of their art, he ought to be burnt]. And till that day arrive they keep the body, so that ’tis sometimes a matter of six months, more or less, before it comes to be burnt.{5}
Now the way they keep the body in the house is this: They make a coffin first of a good span in thickness, very carefully joined and daintily painted. This they fill up with camphor and spices, to keep off corruption [stopping the joints with pitch and lime], and then they cover it with a fine cloth. Every day as long as the body is kept, they set a table before the dead covered with food; and they will have it that the soul comes and eats and drinks: wherefore they leave the food there as long as would be necessary in order that one should partake. Thus they do daily. And worse still! Sometimes those soothsayers shall tell them that ’tis not good luck to carry out the corpse by the door, so they have to break a hole in the wall, and to draw it out that way when it is taken to the burning.{6} And these, I assure you, are the practices of all the Idolaters of those countries.
However, we will quit this subject, and I will tell you of another city which lies towards the north-west at the extremity of the desert.
Sachiu refers to Shazhou; Tangut Province was merged into Gansu Province.
Of the Province of Camul.
Camul is a province which in former days was a kingdom. It contains numerous towns and villages, but the chief city bears the name of Camul. The province lies between the two deserts; for on the one side is the 210Great Desert of Lop, and on the other side is a small desert of three days’ journey in extent.{1} The people are all Idolaters, and have a peculiar language. They live by the fruits of the earth, which they have in plenty, and dispose of to travellers. They are a people who take things very easily, for they mind nothing but playing and singing, and dancing and enjoying themselves.{2}

And it is the truth that if a foreigner comes to the house of one of these people to lodge, the host is delighted, and desires his wife to put herself entirely at the guest’s disposal, whilst he himself gets out of the way, and comes back no more until the stranger shall have taken his departure. The guest may stay and enjoy the wife’s society as long as he lists, whilst the husband has no shame in the matter, but indeed considers it an honour. And all the men of this province are made wittols of by their wives in this way.{3} The women themselves are fair and wanton.

Now it came to pass during the reign of Mangu Kaan, that as lord of this province he came to hear of this custom, and he sent forth an order commanding them under grievous penalties to do so no more [but to provide public hostelries for travellers]. And when they heard this order they were much vexed thereat. [For about three years’ space they carried it out. But then they found that their lands were no longer fruitful, and that many mishaps befell them.] So they collected together and prepared a grand present which they sent to their Lord, praying him graciously to let them retain the custom which they had inherited from their ancestors; for it was by reason of this usage that their gods bestowed upon them all the good things that they possessed, and without it they saw not how they could continue to exist.{4} When the Prince had heard their petition his reply was “Since ye must needs keep your shame, keep it then,” 211and so he left them at liberty to maintain their naughty custom. And they always have kept it up, and do so still.

Now let us quit Camul, and I will tell you of another province which lies between north-west and north, and belongs to the Great Kaan.
Camul refers to Hami.
Of the Province of Chingintalas.
Chingintalas is also a province at the verge of the Desert, and lying between north-west and north. It has an extent of sixteen days’ journey, and belongs to the Great Kaan, and contains numerous towns and villages. There are three different races of people in it—Idolaters, Saracens, and some Nestorian Christians.{1} At the northern extremity of this province there is a mountain in which are excellent veins of steel and ondanique.{2} And you must know that in the same mountain there is a 213vein of the substance from which Salamander is made.{3} For the real truth is that the Salamander is no beast, as they allege in our part of the world, but is a substance found in the earth; and I will tell you about it.
Everybody must be aware that it can be no animal’s nature to live in fire, seeing that every animal is composed of all the four elements.{4} Now I, Marco Polo, had a Turkish acquaintance of the name of Zurficar, and he was a very clever fellow. And this Turk related to Messer Marco Polo how he had lived three years in that region on behalf of the Great Kaan, in order to procure those Salamanders for him.{5} He said that the way they got them was by digging in that mountain till they found a certain vein. The substance of this vein was then taken and crushed, and when so treated it divides as it were into fibres of wool, which they set forth to dry. When dry, these fibres were pounded in a great copper mortar, and then washed, so as to remove all the earth and to leave only the fibres like fibres of wool. These were then spun, and made into napkins. When first made these napkins are not very white, but by putting them into the fire for a while they come out as white as snow. And so again whenever they become dirty they are bleached by being put in the fire.
Now this, and nought else, is the truth about the Salamander, and the people of the country all say the same. Any other account of the matter is fabulous nonsense. And I may add that they have at Rome a napkin of this stuff, which the Grand Kaan sent to the Pope to make a wrapper for the Holy Sudarium of Jesus Christ.{6}
We will now quit this subject, and I will proceed with my account of the countries lying in the direction between north-east and east.
Alternative form of Qocho Tarim
Of the Province of Sukchur
On leaving the province of which I spoke before,{1} you ride ten days between north-east and east, and in all that way you find no human dwelling, or next to none, so that there is nothing for our book to speak of.
At the end of those ten days you come to another province called Sukchur, in which there are numerous towns and villages. The chief city is called Sukchu.{2} The people are partly Christians and partly Idolaters, and all are subject to the Great Kaan.
The great General Province to which all these three provinces belong is called Tangut.
Over all the mountains of this province rhubarb is found in great abundance, and thither merchants come to buy it, and carry it thence all over the world.{3} [Travellers, however, dare not visit those mountains with any cattle but those of the country, for a certain plant grows there which is so poisonous that cattle which eat it lose their hoofs. The cattle of the country 218know it and eschew it.{4}] The people live by agriculture, and have not much trade. [They are of a brown complexion. The whole of the province is healthy.]​
Sukchur refers to Suzhou. Idolaters refers to Buddhists.
Of the City of Campichu.

Campichu is also a city of Tangut, and a very great and noble one. Indeed it is the capital and place of government of the whole province of Tangut.{1} The people are Idolaters, Saracens, and Christians, and the latter have three very fine churches in the city, whilst the Idolaters have many minsters and abbeys after their fashion. In these they have an enormous number of idols, both small and great, certain of the latter being a good ten paces in stature; some of them being of wood, others of clay, and others yet of stone. They are all highly polished, and then covered with gold. The great idols of which I speak lie at length.{2} And round about them there are other figures of considerable size, as if adoring and paying homage before them.
Now, as I have not yet given you particulars about the customs of these Idolaters, I will proceed to tell you about them.You must know that there are among them certain religious recluses who lead a more virtuous life than the rest. These abstain from all lechery, though they do not indeed regard it as a deadly sin; howbeit if any one sin against nature they condemn him to death. They have an Ecclesiastical Calendar as we have; and there are five days in the month that they observe particularly; and on these five days they would on no account either slaughter any animal or eat flesh meat. On those days, moreover, they observe much greater abstinence altogether than on other days.{3}
Among these people a man may take thirty wives, more or less, if he can but afford to do so, each having wives in proportion to his wealth and means; but the first wife is always held in highest consideration. The men endow their wives with cattle, slaves, and money, according to their ability. And if a man dislikes any one of his wives, he just turns her off and takes another. They take to wife their cousins and their fathers’ widows (always excepting the man’s own mother), holding to be no sin many things that we think grievous sins, and, in short, they live like beasts.{4}
Messer Maffeo and Messer Marco Polo dwelt a whole year in this city when on a mission.{5}
Now we will leave this and tell you about other provinces towards the north, for we are going to take you a sixty days’ journey in that direction.
Campichu refers to Ganzhou
Of the City of Etzina.
When you leave the city of Campichu you ride for twelve days, and then reach a city called Etzina, which is towards the north on the verge of the Sandy Desert; it belongs to the Province of Tangut.{1} The people are Idolaters, and possess plenty of camels and cattle, and the country produces a number of good falcons, both Sakers and Lanners. The inhabitants live by their cultivation and their cattle, for they have no trade. 224At this city you must needs lay in victuals for forty days, because when you quit Etzina, you enter on a desert which extends forty days’ journey to the north, and on which you meet with no habitation nor baiting-place.{2} In the summer-time, indeed, you will fall in with people, but in the winter the cold is too great. You also meet with wild beasts (for there are some small pine-woods here and there), and with numbers of wild asses.{3} When you have travelled these forty days across the Desert you come to a certain province lying to the north. Its name you shall hear presently.
Etzina refers to Khara Khoto.
Of the City of Caracoron.
Caracoron is a city of some three miles in compass. [It is surrounded by a strong earthen rampart, for stone is scarce there. And beside it there is a great citadel wherein is a fine palace in which the Governor resides.] ’Tis the first city that the Tartars possessed after they issued from their own country. And now I will tell you all about how they first acquired dominion and spread over the world.{1}
Originally the Tartars{2} dwelt in the north on the borders of Chorcha.{3} Their country was one of great plains; and there were no towns or villages in it, but excellent pasture-lands, with great rivers and many sheets of water; in fact it was a very fine and extensive region. But there was no sovereign in the land. They did, however, pay tax and tribute to a great prince who was called in their tongue Unc Can, the same that we call Prester John, him in fact about whose great dominion all the world talks.{4} The tribute he had of them was one beast out of every ten, and also a tithe of all their other gear.
Now it came to pass that the Tartars multiplied exceedingly. And when Prester John saw how great a people they had become, he began to fear that he should have trouble from them. So he made a scheme to distribute them over sundry countries, and sent one of his Barons to carry this out. When the Tartars became aware of this they took it much amiss, and with one consent they left their country and went off across a desert to a distant region towards the north, where Prester John could not get at them to annoy 227them. Thus they revolted from his authority and paid him tribute no longer. And so things continued for a time.
Caracoron refers to Karakorum
Of the Kingdom of Erguiul, and Province of Sinju.
On leaving Campichu, then, you travel five days across a tract in which many spirits are heard speaking in the night season; and at the end of those five marches, towards the east, you come to a kingdom called Erguiul, belonging to the Great Kaan. It is one of the several kingdoms which make up the great Province of Tangut. The people consist of Nestorian Christians, Idolaters, and worshippers of Mahommet.{1}
There are plenty of cities in this kingdom, but the capital is Erguiul. You can travel in a south-easterly direction from this place into the province of Cathay. Should you follow that road to the south-east, you come to a city called Sinju, belonging also to Tangut, and subject to the Great Kaan, which has under it many towns and villages.{2} The population is composed of Idolaters, and worshippers of Mahommet, but there are some Christians also. There are wild cattle in that country [almost] as big as elephants, splendid creatures, covered everywhere but on the back with shaggy hair a good four palms long. They are partly black, partly white, and really wonderfully fine creatures [and the hair or wool is extremely fine and white, finer and whiter than silk. Messer Marco brought some to Venice as a great curiosity, and so it was reckoned by those who saw it]. There are also plenty of them tame, which have been caught young. [They also cross these with the common cow, 275and the cattle from this cross are wonderful beasts, and better for work than other animals.] These the people use commonly for burden and general work, and in the plough as well; and at the latter they will do full twice as much work as any other cattle, being such very strong beasts.{3}
In this country too is found the best musk in the world; and I will tell you how ’tis produced. There exists in that region a kind of wild animal like a gazelle. It has feet and tail like the gazelle’s, and stag’s hair of a very coarse kind, but no horns. It has four tusks, two below and two above, about three inches long, and slender in form, one pair growing upwards, and the other downwards. It is a very pretty creature. The musk is found in this way. When the creature has been taken, they find at the navel between the flesh and the skin something like an impostume full of blood, which they cut out and remove with all the skin attached to it. And the blood inside this impostume is the musk that produces that powerful perfume. There is an immense number of these beasts in the country we are speaking of. [The flesh is very good to eat. Messer Marco brought the dried head and feet of one of these animals to Venice with him.{4}]
The people are traders and artizans, and also grow abundance of corn. The province has an extent of 26 days’ journey. Pheasants are found there twice as big as ours, indeed nearly as big as a peacock, and having tails of 7 to 10 palms in length; and besides them other pheasants in aspect like our own, and birds of many other kinds, and of beautiful variegated plumage.{5} The people, who are Idolaters, are fat folks with little noses and black hair, and no beard, except a few hairs on the upper lip. The women too have very smooth 276and white skins, and in every respect are pretty creatures. The men are very sensual, and marry many wives, which is not forbidden by their religion. No matter how base a woman’s descent may be, if she have beauty she may find a husband among the greatest men in the land, the man paying the girl’s father and mother a great sum of money, according to the bargain that may be made.
Erguiul refers to Liangzhou, which the map did not include; Sinju refers to Xiningzhou, or Xining Prefecture
Of the Kingdom of Egrigaia.
Starting again from Erguiul you ride eastward for eight days, and then come to a province called Egrigaia, containing numerous cities and villages, and belonging to Tangut.{1} The capital city is called Calachan.{2} The people are chiefly Idolaters, but there are fine churches belonging to the Nestorian Christians. They are all subjects of the Great Kaan. They make in this city great quantities of camlets of camel’s wool, the finest in the world; and some of the camlets that they make are white, for they have white camels, and these are the best of all. Merchants purchase these stuffs here, and carry them over the world for sale.{3}
We shall now proceed eastward from this place and enter the territory that was formerly Prester John’s.
Egrigaia refers to Yinchuan (Tangut name: Irqai, Äriqaya and Egrigaia)
Concerning the Province of Tenduc, and the Descendants of Prester John.
Tenduc is a province which lies towards the east, and contains numerous towns and villages; among which is the chief city, also called Tenduc. The king of the province is of the lineage of Prester John, George by name, and he holds the land under the Great Kaan; not that he holds anything like the whole of what Prester John possessed.{1} It is a custom, I may tell you, that these kings of the lineage of Prester John always obtain to wife either daughters of the Great Kaan or other princesses of his family.{2}

In this province is found the stone from which Azure is made. It is obtained from a kind of vein in the earth, and is of very fine quality.{3} There is also a great manufacture of fine camlets of different colours from camel’s hair. The people get their living by their cattle and tillage, as well as by trade and handicraft.

The rule of the province is in the hands of the Christians, as I have told you; but there are also plenty of Idolaters and worshippers of Mahommet. And there is also here a class of people called Argons, which is as much as to say in French Guasmul, or, in other words, sprung from two different races: to wit, of the race of the Idolaters of Tenduc and of that of the worshippers of Mahommet. They are handsomer men than the other natives of the country, and having more ability, they come to have authority; and they are also capital merchants.{4}

You must know that it was in this same capital city 285of Tenduc that Prester John had the seat of his government when he ruled over the Tartars, and his heirs still abide there; for, as I have told you, this King George is of his line, in fact, he is the sixth in descent from Prester John.

Here also is what we call the country of Gog and Magog; they, however, call it Ung and Mungul, after the names of two races of people that existed in that Province before the migration of the Tartars. Ung was the title of the people of the country, and Mungul a name sometimes applied to the Tartars.{5}

And when you have ridden seven days eastward through this province you get near the provinces of Cathay. You find throughout those seven days’ journey plenty of towns and villages, the inhabitants of which are Mahommetans, but with a mixture also of Idolaters and Nestorian Christians. They get their living by trade and manufactures; weaving those fine cloths of gold which are called Nasich and Naques, besides silk stuffs of many other kinds. For just as we have cloths of wool in our country, manufactured in a great variety of kinds, so in those regions they have stuffs of silk and gold in like variety.{6}

All this region is subject to the Great Kaan. There is a city you come to called Sindachu, where they carry on a great many crafts such as provide for the equipment of the Emperor’s troops. In a mountain of the province there is a very good silver mine, from which much silver is got: the place is called Ydifu. The country is well stocked with game, both beast and bird.{7}

Now we will quit that province and go three days’ journey forward.
Teduc refers to Tiande Jun in Bayannuur.
1734450239860.png

Summary of account in Marco Polo's Travels
City NameNative namein-game nameReligionTrade GoodPeople
SachiuShazhouShazhouBuddhists, Nestorians, and MuslimsCrops or LivestockUse Chinese funeral customs.
CamulKumul or HamiHamiBuddhistsFruitsUnique language - Uygur?
ChingintalasChijinzhanYumenBuddhists, Muslims, and NestoriansAsbestos, IronMixed races - The Ming Dynasty set up the Chijin Mongol Garrison here.
CampichuGanzhouGanzhouBuddhists, Muslims, and NestoriansWools, CamelsUse a Chinese city name
EtzinaKhara KhotoKhara KhotoBuddhistsCamels, FalconUse a Tangut city name
CaracoronKarakorumKarakorum-capital cities of Mongols
ErguiulLiangzhouLiangzhouBuddhists, Nestorians, MuslimsYaksUse Tangut city name
SinjuXiningXiningBuddhists, Muslims, NestoriansDeer MuskUse the Chinese City name; it seems somehow Tibetan transliteration
EgrigaiaEgrigaia or XingqingNingxiaBuddhists, NestoriansLivestock, WoolsUse a Tangut city name
TeducTiandeBayannuurNestorians, Buddhists, MuslimsAzure stone, camletsUse a Chinese city name; Mix-race Christian rule; The rulers - Argons should be Ongut Tribe of Mongols
SukchurSuzhouSuzhouBuddhists, NestoriansRhubarbUse a Chinese city name
Note: I corrected Chingintalas as some scholars believed it refers to Qocho-Tarim while some Chijin Talas of Yumen. It makes sense in terms of described location.
 

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From Zhang (1993)
Han Dynasty Dialects (BC 2 c. - AD 3 c.)
Screenshot 2024-12-17 at 5.23.45 PM.png

Late Tang - Northern Song Dialects. (mid eight c. - early 12 c.)
Screenshot 2024-12-17 at 5.49.38 PM.png

PS: the latter is similar to this historical map from Britannica.
1734496656420.png
 
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Cities recorded Hui Muslim settlement in the Yuan Dynasty, according to Yang (2003)
  1. Karakorum
  2. Beijing - 2953 households in 1264
  3. Shangdu
  4. Tiande (in Bayannur), Qianmalin (in Wanquan), Hongzhou, Xuande
  5. Pingyang & Taiyuan (in Shanxi)
  6. Dongping Fu Lu (in Shandong)
  7. Zhending (in Beizhili)
  8. Bianliang - 186 households in 1289
  9. Jianghuai Region
  10. Yangzhou
  11. Xi'an
  12. Hanzhong
  13. Etzina
  14. Shazhou
  15. Ganzhou
  16. Liangzhou
  17. Xining
  18. Sichuan
  19. Hangzhou - 40k of 850k households in 1321
  20. Nanjing - 176 households
  21. Zhenjiang - 59 households, 310 men
  22. Ningbo - 21 households
  23. Quanzhou - notably the Shia Persian population
  24. Guangzhou
  25. Jianchang
  26. Kunming - Muslim majority (suspicious)
  27. Dali
  28. Xichang

From Jiang (1982)
On Nestorian (and Catholicism)
Nestorians in China Proper went extinct in the Huichang persecution of Buddhism in 845. It was recorded that 2,000 - 3,000 Nestorian priests were forced to abandon their religion. In the early 9th Century, the Patriarch Timothy reported that most Nestorians went to India. In 987, Najran from Bagdad reported only one Nestorian during his visit to China.

However, four tribes of Mongols - Kerait, Naiman, Merkits, and Ongut - were converted to Nestorianism. Sorhahtani, the mother of Kublai Khan, was a Nestorian Christian. Güyük Khan's mother and Hulegu Khan's wife were also Nestorians from the Tribe of Kerait. Kerait was converted to Nestorianism by the 12th Century. Toghrul of Keraits was also believed to be a prototype of Prester John.

Apart from Mongols, Uygurs were the second largest group following Nestorianism. Bar Sawma and his father, Siban, were sent to Beijing for a mission in the early 13th Century. Markos from Huoshan, Shanxi Province, became a discipline of Bar Sawma and later became a father. In 1278, they made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and visited the Church in Baghdad, where Markos was appointed the metropolitan bishop of Kitai in Beijing in 1280.

Mar Sargis, a Nestorian doctor from Samarkand, was appointed Darughachi of Zhenjiang in 1278. He built seven Nestorian churches in Jiangzhe Province: four in Zhenjiang, two in Dantu, and one in Hangzhou. The Nestorian Church established three provinces in Yuan Dynasty China, including Ong (Ongut Mongols), Tangut (Western Xia), and Kitai (Northern China) Provinces. Kitai province claimed over 30k followers.

In 1289, John of Montercorrino was sent as a papal ambassador to China. He began the mission in 1294 and established the first Catholic church in 1303. In his letter of 1305, he claimed over 6,000 people were converted to Catholicism. Andrew of Perugia mentioned that John converted the Buddhists and Nestorian Alans from Eastern Europe. Andrew established another church in Quanzhou. The total number of followers in Beijing and Quanzhou may amount to about 30k, mostly non-Chinese.

On Jewish
Matteo Ricci discovered Kaifeng Jews in the early 17th Century. Kaifeng Jews knew only "Israel" but not "Jews," and they did not know Jesus Christ at all. They mention a larger Jewish community in Hangzhou, confirmed by medieval travels such as Marco Polo, Ibn Battuta, and the Catholic father P.M. Cibot. Other cities recorded Jewish communities included Ningbo, Ningxia, Yangzhou, Nanjing, Beijing, Quanzhou
 
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Apologies for not posting this in this thread, but here's a suggestion I made arguing that Xiamen Island should be a unique location

https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/foru...men-island-and-zhoushan-as-locations.1710883/

The famous warlord Koxinga ruled a maritime trading empire during the mid-1600s whose capital was on Xiamen Island, and he was able to resist the Qing dynasty for over a decade partly because he had a large island to use as a base. So I think its historical importance is easy to demonstrate.
 
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Impassable Zones Proposal:

Yellow are existing zones, red are my proposed zones. Black are proposals to delete existing zones. Lakes are marked in blue.

View attachment 1223351

This is based on SulphurAeon's terrain map, and an atlas of China in 1913. Of course, this is a long time after the start date, but at this time, most of China was barely affected by industrialisation, so this map should probably give a good idea of the roadways and routes that existed in Ancient China.

https://collections.lib.uwm.edu/digital/collection/agdm/id/27761/rec/2

In particular, from studying military campaigns in the 17th century, I can relate that the impassable regions depicted on the borders between Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Guangdong reflect the flow of military campaigns in the Ming-Qing wars and the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. The warlord Geng Jingzhong invaded Jiangxi from Fujian in two routes, one in the north into Guangxin, and one in the south into Ganzhou.

It can also be noted that the Manchu invasion of China exclusively used three passes over the Great Wall to enter the Beijing region (as well as retreat from it it after raids south of the wall, which they did multiple times) and did not use any of the others. These were also the main passes used during the Ming dynasty, for example in the Tumu Crisis. These have been left open on the map and the terrain around them blocked off.


The impassable zone on the border between China and Vietnam reflects the 2000 years of recorded history where all recorded Chinese invasions of Vietnam and Vietnamese invasions of China went through one of three places, from Yunnan along the Red River, through Friendship Pass, and along the coast.


So this would help give a very nice historical flavour to wars.

On the other hand, this is a relatively "generous" distribution of impassable regions, so I would certainly welcome feedback if people think there might be too many.

View attachment 1210558
I know I am late but I absolutely love this post, just commenting so that in the feedback the Devs see it again! Impassable terrain like this is so important, especially for warfare in china where passes and how they direct the flow of wars are so important. Seeing China without the clusterfuck in the southeast, or the passes by Beijing, or the more heavily restricted travel in the country in general is just sad! If the map was made with impassables like this it'd add so much flavor and spice for the region, and really reflect how the geography has shaped strategy historically.
 
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  • Table 7-2: Regional Household Data in the Yuan Dynasty (1270)​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Zhongshu Sheng1270
    Dadu Lu1270147,590401,350192,00077%
    Shangdu Lu127041,062118,19169,00060%
    Xinghe Lu12708,97339,49514,00064%
    Yongping Lu127013,51935,30012,680107%
    Dening Lu1270
    Jingzhou Lu1270
    Qinxian Lu1270
    Jining Lu1270
    Yingchang Lu1270
    Quanning Lu1270
    Ningchang Lu1270
    Shajing Lu1270
    Baoding Lu127075,182139,04075,460100%
    Zhendin Lu1270134,986240,670175,00077%
    Shunde Lu127030,501124,465
    Guangping Lu127014,45669,082
    Zhangde Lu127035,24688,206
    Daming Lu127066,363145,000
    Huaicheng Lu127034,993170,92620,000175%

    Table 7-2: Continued​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Lu'an Lu127022,119127,21791,00087%
    Hejian Lu127079,266168,53691,00087%
    Dongping Lu127047,531123,25750,00089%
    Dongchang Lu127033,102125,406
    Jinan Lu127010,54559,81831,00034%
    Caozhou Lu127037,153195,355
    Weizhou Lu127017,31664,23350,00034%
    Gaoyangzhou Lu127019,10423,12133,00056%
    Taizhou Lu12709,54010,79533,00028%
    Dengzhou Lu127024,424156,95233,00074%
    Enzhou Lu127013,47347,34919,50054%
    Guanzhou Lu12705,69723,040
    Yidu Lu127077,164212,502100,00077%
    Jining Lu127063,289164,885100,00063%
    Hanzhou Lu127021,530123,18541,00053%
    Ningyangzhou Lu12705,71315,74316,80034%
    Daming Lu127045,945128,496
    Zhengding Lu127075,404155,32180,00094%
    Pingyang Lu1270120,630270,121143,00084%
    Hening LuMore than 1 million households before and after the Mongol rule

    Liaodong Province​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Liaoyang Lu12523,70833,23140,0009%
    Guangning Lu13304,595
    Dading Lu125246,006448,19386,00053%
    Dongjing Lu13305,183
    Shenyang Lu13304,367

    Table 7-2: Continued​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Huaiyuan Province
    Fengde Fu129020,02499,95860,000–80,00025–30%
    Ying Lu1290
    Suzhou Lu1290
    Macheng Lu1290
    Shangluo Accounting Office1290
    Xialuo Accounting Office1290
    Sixteen Registration Offices1290

    Zhejiang Province​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Hangzhou Lu1290360,8501,834,710
    Huizhou Lu1330254,345
    Jiaxing Lu1290426,6562,245,742221,927190%
    Pingjiang Lu1290466,1582,433,700466,100100%
    Changzhou Lu1290209,7321,020,011211,65299%
    Zhenjiang Lu1290103,315623,644
    Jiading Lu1290103,481504,264
    Songjiang Fu133016,393

    Jiangxi Province​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Jiangzhou Lu129053,821300,17754,12599%
    Qianzhou Lu1290241,457511,113
    Raozhou Lu1290108,567543,600
    Fuzhou Lu1290221,1181,077,540
    Shaoxing Lu1290151,234521,588
    Wenzhou Lu1290187,403497,848
    Taizhou Lu1290196,4151,003,833
    Chuzhou Lu1290132,754493,692
    Ningbo Fu1290232,5381,162,690
    Yanzhou Lu1290157,471824,304157,460100%
    Haozhou Lu1290680,2354,036,570290,226234%

    Table 7-2: Continued​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Jizhou Lu1290214,5381,072,690226,37995%
    Taiping Lu129076,202446,371
    Cizhou Lu129068,547366,567
    Xingtai Lu1290132,290662,258
    Guangde Lu129056,513339,780
    Hezhou Lu133026,035
    Fuzhou Lu1290799,6943,875,127298,571268%
    Jianzhou Lu1290127,254569,626
    Quanzhou Lu129089,060455,545
    Xinghua Lu129067,739352,534
    Zhenwu Lu129064,127248,761
    Yanping Lu129089,825435,869
    Xunzhou Lu129041,423238,12741,66499%
    Haozhou Lu129021,695101,306

    Jiangxi Province​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Longxing Lu1290371,4361,485,744
    Jian'an Lu1290444,0832,220,415
    Ruizhou Lu1290144,572722,302
    Raozhou Lu1290198,563992,815
    Linjiang Lu1290158,348791,740
    Hangzhou Lu1290218,4551,092,275
    Jiangzhou Lu129083,977503,852
    Fenghuang Lu129095,678478,390
    Ganzhou Lu129071,287285,148
    Ji'an Lu129092,223553,338
    Nan'an Lu129050,611303,666
    Nanshi Lu129025,078128,900
    Guangxin Lu1290170,2161,021,296172,28499%
    Xunzhou Lu129019,584176,256
    Huizhou Lu129019,80399,015

    Table 7-2: Continued​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Shangxian Lu129010,79253,960
    Huai'an Lu129063,650445,550
    Deqing Lu129012,70532,997
    Guanling Lu129033,33855,429
    Yindezhou Lu12902,000–3,000
    Meizhou Lu12902,47814,8554,00062%
    Qingyuan Lu129019,37396,865
    Fengzhou Lu12902,07710,742
    Xinzhou Lu129011,31667,896
    Guizhou Lu12906,35625,65520,00032%
    Lingzhou Lu12904,1547,14122,00019%
    Qianzhou Lu12901,6588,290

    Hubei Province​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Wuchang Lu1290114,632617,118
    Yuezhou Lu1290137,508787,743
    Changde Lu1290206,4251,026,042
    Xiangyang Lu1290209,9891,111,543
    Chenzhou Lu129083,223115,945
    Tanzhou Lu129048,63279,545
    Xingzhou Lu129050,952407,616
    Zhaoqing Fu129014,48640,866
    Yangzhou Lu12907,49210,964
    Jianning Lu129026,59465,955
    Daming Lu1290603,5011,081,010
    Hengzhou Lu1290113,373207,523

    Table 7-2: Continued​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Wufeng Lu129077,207356,863
    Guizhou Lu129065,057102,204
    Xiangyangzhou Lu129036,642177,202
    Suizhou Lu129025,311110,010
    Changning Lu129018,43169,402
    Jingjiang Lu1290210,8521,352,678
    Nanfeng Lu129010,54224,520
    Shouxian Lu12905,20010,910
    Juzhou Lu12909,24830,08915,00062%
    Liuzhou Lu129019,14330,69428,00069%
    Qingjiang Tixing Si129026,53750,253
    Pingle Fu12907,06733,820
    Duzhou Lu12909,05351,528
    Rongzhou Lu12902,9997,854
    Xiangzhou Lu129019,55892,126
    Songzhou Lu12906,24838,879
    Hengzhou Lu12904,09831,4765,69272%
    Rongzhou Lu129021,39339,334
    Tengzhou Lu12904,29511,128
    Hezhou Lu12908,67639,235
    Guizhou Lu12908,89120,81110,88082%
    Sibinzhou Lu12904,22918,510
    Taiping Lu12905,31922,186
    Tianzhou Lu12902,99118,901
    Lai'an Lu1290
    Zhen'an Lu1290
    Leizhou Lu129089,535125,310
    Huazhou Lu129019,74952,317
    Gaozhou Lu129014,67543,493
    Qianzhou Lu129013,55961,39317,28078%
    Cangzhou Lu12905,99811,686

    Table 7-2: Final Section​

    Route/ProvinceYearRegistered Households (A)Population (II)Estimated Households (B)Ratio (A to B, %)
    Qianning Anfusi129075,837128,184
    Nanning Jun12909,62723,652
    Wanzhou Jun12905,3418,686
    Jiyang Jun12901,4395,735
    Dingyuan Fu1290
I found a table from 中国人口史 Demographic History of China (vol. 3, in Chinese) that record province-level population data. The source A is from 元史 History of Yuan's records and the source B is alternative sources for reference. The population is modern estimate based on the household counts. The table above is a unrevised OCR result and the original copy is listed as below.

View attachment 1224234View attachment 1224235View attachment 1224236View attachment 1224237View attachment 1224238View attachment 1224239View attachment 1224240

Data from the First Image: Population Density by Administrative Division in the 26th Year of Hongwu (1393)​

Units:​

  • Area: Square kilometers (km²)
  • Population: 10,000 people
  • Population Density: People per km²
This table is from Vol 4 of the same book.

Capital Region (京师)

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Ying Tian Fu9183140.170.6210.7229.4
Zhenjiang Fu361652.00.052.0144.4
Changzhou Fu646546.70.046.772.3
Suzhou Fu8627235.55.0240.5278.8
Songjiang Fu4214122.60.1123.7291.0
Total32,731629.677.7706.9220.0

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Yangzhou Fu20,56079.45.084.441.1
Huai’an Fu29,02374.16.781.127.9
Xuzhou Fu10,29021.61.723.322.6
Total59,873175.113.4188.531.5

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Fengyang Fu57,15042.718.861.510.8
Hezhou and Lihu Fu747310.41.712.116.2
Luzhou Fu24,27043.10.043.117.8
Anqing Fu14,86043.01.744.730.1
Total103,753139.222.2161.415.6

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Chizhou Fu10,30019.91.721.621.0
Taiping Fu31472.90.02.99.2
Guangde Fu35216.00.06.017.0
Ningguo Fu11,50059.31.761.053.0
Huizhou Fu14,03019.51.721.215.1
Total39,068188.95.1192.348.6

Zhejiang Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Hangzhou Fu7774108.13.7111.8143.8
RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Huzhou Fu6219120.00.3120.3193.4
Jiaxing Fu3276163.82.0165.8506.1
Shaoxing Fu9402133.53.0136.5145.1
Ningbo Fu6337159.30.4159.7252.0
Jinhua Fu9824128.01.0129.0131.3
Wenzhou Fu11,10189.15.094.184.9
Taizhou Fu11,27098.75.0103.792.0
Yanzhou Fu829153.30.053.364.3
Chuzhou Fu18,14069.70.069.738.4
Quzhou Fu927953.70.053.757.9
Total100,9131084.229.71113.9110.4

Jiangxi Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Nanchang Fu22,100111.41.7113.151.2
Ganzhou Fu15,45092.10.092.159.6
Ji'an Fu63508.50.08.513.4
Nan'an Fu517719.60.019.637.9
Ruizhou Fu548242.00.042.076.6
Raozhou Fu878138.30.138.443.8
Linjiang Fu561055.30.055.398.8
Jiujiang Fu10,390120.20.0120.2116.0
Jianchang Fu24,360171.80.0172.870.9
Ji'an Fu836651.30.051.361.7
Guangxin Fu14,07043.60.243.831.1
Xingguo Fu32,2208.60.28.82.7
Nan'an Fu69667.50.07.510.8
Total165,322804.18.0812.149.1

Fujian Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Fuzhou Fu22,74363.48.471.831.6
Jianning Fu18,43069.03.372.339.2
Tingzhou Fu810323.61.725.331.2
RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Yanping Fu17,78056.02.058.032.6
Xinghua Fu380832.03.335.392.7
Zhangzhou Fu17,96041.03.347.326.3
Quanzhou Fu12,32053.03.356.345.7
Zhangzhou Fu19,34029.12.031.116.1
Total120,484370.127.3397.433.0

Guangdong Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Guangzhou Fu36,192116.812.1128.935.6
Chaozhou Fu20,39844.82.046.822.9
Nanhai Fu47888.70.39.018.8
Shaozhou Fu32,67656.52.458.918.0
Meizhou Fu37,74014.02.016.04.2
Shantou Fu17,97010.30.010.35.7
Gaozhou Fu14,01814.20.314.510.3
Leizhou Fu16,7909.71.711.46.8
Lianzhou Fu805329.11.730.838.2
Qinzhou Fu33,90057.50.758.217.2
Total222,525361.623.5385.117.3

Guangxi Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Guilin Fu19,26038.65.043.622.6
Wuzhou Fu27,61026.80.327.19.8
Liuzhou Fu31,13025.91.727.68.9
Qinzhou Fu11,8207.00.07.05.9
Nanning Fu17,1717.23.310.56.1
Taiping Fu91724.90.04.95.3
Pingle Fu20,5003.00.03.01.5
Juyuan Fu27,9908.20.08.22.9
Other Areas58,31725.00.025.04.3
Total222,970146.610.3156.97.0

Huguang Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Changsha Fu42,46053.73.056.713.4
RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Yuezhou Fu10,00021.81.723.523.5
Changde Fu32,34624.36.030.39.4
Hengzhou Fu23,49030.57.738.216.3
Lingzhou Fu12,97014.00.014.010.8
Shuizhou Fu29,01437.90.037.913.1
Baoqing Fu21,59014.12.516.67.7
Changzhou Fu24,06016.20.416.66.9
Qianzhou Fu10,9207.40.07.46.8
Yongshun/Other Areas12,0918.00.08.06.6
Frontier and Miscellaneous Areas47,59432.00.232.26.8
Total266,535250.032.2282.210.6
RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Wuchang Fu18,97032.03.335.318.6
Hanyang Fu36205.00.05.013.8
Huangzhou Fu20,50074.03.377.337.7
Xiangyang Fu14,7207.00.37.35.0
Jingzhou Fu44,9408.73.312.02.7
Shizhou Fu57,31042.55.748.28.4
Shimen Fu18,75014.02.016.08.5
Total178,810183.217.9201.1

Beiping Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Beiping Fu48,73136.022.258.211.9
Shui Ping Fu11,3607.63.310.99.6
Hejian Fu21,40038.00.038.017.8
Baoding Fu16,45038.00.038.023.1
Zhen Ding Fu27,28080.01.781.729.9
Shun De Fu627517.00.017.027.1
Guang Ping Fu529721.00.021.039.6
Da Ming Fu11,97029.00.029.024.2
Total148,763266.627.2293.819.7

Shandong Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Jinan Fu32,450110.05.0115.035.4
RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Dongchang Fu12,57011.01.712.710.1
Guangping Fu38,970105.01.5106.527.3
Qingzhou Fu30,910188.03.7191.762.0
Yanzhou Fu15,73085.04.389.356.8
Dengzhou Fu18,34092.04.296.252.5
Total148,970591.020.4611.441.0

Henan Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Kaifeng Fu14,460133.78.5142.232.0
Xuzhou Fu606021.31.723.038.0
Henan Fu25,95062.10.062.123.9
Ruining Fu46549.10.39.420.2
Yingde Fu991113.21.714.915.0
Nanyang Fu40,01428.03.331.47.8
Huaiqing Fu33,94021.53.324.87.3
Total164,989291.125.3316.419.2

Shanxi Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Taiyuan Fu59,81092.19.4101.517.0
Datong Fu30,85017.725.042.713.8
Zezhou Fu58829.50.09.516.1
Jizhou Fu465724.00.024.052.0
Linfen Fu527010.20.310.519.9
Yuncheng Fu864547.11.749.056.7
Xianyang Fu961837.01.038.039.5
Pingyang Fu37,710147.91.2149.139.7
Total162,442386.038.1424.126.1

Shaanxi Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Xi’an Fu57,100136.011.8147.825.9
Fengxiang Fu13,88024.00.024.017.3
Yan’an Fu66,96041.08.349.37.4
Total137,940201.020.1221.116.0

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Qingyang Fu20,8109.01.710.75.1
Pingliang Fu36,48019.01.720.75.7
Jinglu Fu50,60025.03.328.35.6
Linxia Fu37,7405.03.38.32.2
Hanzhong Fu50,6506.01.77.71.5
Total334,220265.031.8296.88.9

Sichuan Region

RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Chengdu Fu37,25022.115.537.610.1
Mianzhou Fu43,1206.50.06.51.5
Baoning Fu33,7405.01.76.72.0
Shunqing Fu17,8306.50.06.53.7
Jiading Fu16,8206.00.06.03.6
Yazhou Fu29723.30.03.311.1
Chongqing Fu54,62036.41.738.17.0
Luzhou Fu74609.61.711.315.1
Xuzhou Fu14,03019.51.721.215.1
Jiadingzhou Fu12,4606.80.06.85.5
Total240,302126.820.6147.46.1

Border and Peripheral Areas

(R.M.C = regional military commission)
RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Taiwan36,00010.00.010.02.8
Bozhou27,81312.00.012.04.3
Guizhou RMC71,87630.028.358.38.1
Yunnan362,20984.036.0120.03.3
Guizhou Censorate33,28112.01.713.74.1
Mahu Tusi52,08612.00.012.02.3
Sichuan RMC45,8303.70.03.70.8
Long’an Tusi22,6630.00.00.00.0
Songpan Garrison38,8400.07.77.72.0
Tibet1,880,74080.00.080.00.4
Beshbalik1,919,57530.00.030.00.2
Anding Garrisons454,4754.00.04.00.1
Total3,946,588277.773.7351.40.1
RegionArea (km²)Civil PopulationMilitary PopulationTotal PopulationPopulation Density
Shaanxi RMC81,7695.018.523.52.9
Taozhou & Minzhou Garrisons35,6101.03.34.31.2
Ningxia RMC29,1001.80.92.70.9
Mongolia4,212,13236.00.036.00.1
Beiping RMC162,7980.045.045.02.8
Liaodong68,14410.040.050.07.3
Nurgan RMC3,000,00050.090.7140.70.05
Total5,258,553103.8198.4302.20.5
I just cleaned up the tables
Prefecture-YChinese-YProvince-YYear-YHousehold-YPopulation-YPrefecture-MChinese-MProvince-M
Civilian-M​
Military-M​
Baoding Lu​
保定​
Zhongshu​
1270​
75182​
139040​
Baoding Fu​
保定​
Beiping​
380,000.0​
0.0​
Dadu Lu​
大都​
Zhongshu​
1270​
147590​
401350​
Beiping Fu​
北平​
Beiping​
360,000.0​
222,000.0​
Daming Lu​
大名​
Zhongshu​
1270​
66363​
145000​
Daming Fu​
大名​
Beiping​
290,000.0​
0.0​
Guangping Lu​
广平​
Zhongshu​
1270​
14456​
69082​
Guangping Fu​
广平​
Beiping​
210,000.0​
0.0​
Hejian Lu​
河间​
Zhongshu​
1270​
79266​
168536​
Hejian Fu​
河间​
Beiping​
380,000.0​
0.0​
Shunde Lu​
顺德​
Zhongshu​
1270​
30501​
124465​
Shunde Fu​
顺德​
Beiping​
170,000.0​
0.0​
Yongping Lu​
永平​
Zhongshu​
1270​
13519​
35300​
Yongping Fu​
永平​
Beiping​
76,000.0​
33,000.0​
Zhendin Lu​
真定​
Zhongshu​
1270​
134986​
240670​
Zhending Fu​
真定​
Beiping​
800,000.0​
17,000.0​
Fuzhou Lu​
福州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
799694​
3875127​
Fuzhou fu​
福州​
Fujian​
634,000.0​
84,000.0​
Jianzhou Lu​
建宁​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
127254​
569626​
Jianning Fu​
建宁​
Fujian​
690,000.0​
33,000.0​
Quanzhou Lu​
泉州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
89060​
455545​
Quanzhou Fu​
泉州​
Fujian​
530,000.0​
33,000.0​
Shaowu Lu​
邵武​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
64127​
248761​
Shaowu Fu​
邵武​
Fujian​
236,000.0​
17,000.0​
Tingzhou Lu​
汀州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
41423​
238127​
Tingzhou Fu​
汀州​
Fujian​
291,000.0​
20,000.0​
Xinghua Lu​
兴化​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
67739​
352534​
Xinghua Fu​
兴化​
Fujian​
320,000.0​
33,000.0​
Yanping Lu​
延平​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
89825​
435869​
Yanping Fu​
延平​
Fujian​
560,000.0​
20,000.0​
Zhangzhou Lu​
漳州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
21695​
101306​
Zhangzhou Fu​
漳州​
Fujian​
440,000.0​
33,000.0​
Chaozhou Lu​
潮州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
63650​
445550​
Chaozhou Fu​
潮州​
Guangdong​
448,000.0​
20,000.0​
Meizhou​
梅州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
2478​
14855​
Chaozhou Fu​
高州​
Guangdong​
142,000.0​
3,000.0​
Gaozhou Lu​
高州​
Huguang​
1290​
14675​
43493​
Gaozhou Fu​
高州​
Guangdong​
142,000.0​
3,000.0​
Huazhou Lu​
化州​
Huguang​
1290​
19749​
52317​
Gaozhou Fu​
高州​
Guangdong​
142,000.0​
3,000.0​
Lianzhou Lu​
连州​
Huguang​
1290​
72309​
126105​
Guangzhou Fu​
广州​
Guangdong​
1,168,000.0​
121,000.0​
Guangzhou Lu​
广州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
170216​
1021296​
Guangzhou Fu​
广州​
Guangdong​
1,168,000.0​
121,000.0​
Guiyangzhou​
桂阳​
Jiangxi​
1290​
6356​
25655​
Guangzhou Fu​
广州​
Guangdong​
1,168,000.0​
121,000.0​
Lianzhou​
连州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
4154​
7141​
Guangzhou Fu​
广州​
Guangdong​
1,168,000.0​
121,000.0​
Xunzhou Lu​
循州​
Huguang​
1290​
13559​
61393​
Huizhou Fu​
惠州​
Guangdong​
140,000.0​
20,000.0​
Huizhou Lu​
惠州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
19803​
99015​
Huizhou Fu​
惠州​
Guangdong​
140,000.0​
20,000.0​
Xunzhou​
循州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
1658​
8290​
Huizhou Fu​
惠州​
Guangdong​
140,000.0​
20,000.0​
Leizhou Lu​
雷州​
Huguang​
1290​
89535​
125310​
Leizhou Fu​
雷州​
Guangdong​
291,000.0​
17,000.0​
Lianzhou Lu​
廉州​
Huguang​
1290​
5998​
11686​
Lianzhou Fu​
廉州​
Guangdong​
97,000.0​
17,000.0​
Nanxiong Lu​
南雄​
Jiangxi​
1290​
10792​
53960​
Nanxiong Fu​
南雄​
Guangdong​
87,000.0​
3,000.0​
Jiyang Jun​
三亚​
Huguang​
1290​
1439​
5735​
Qiongzhou Fu​
琼州​
Guangdong​
575,000.0​
7,000.0​
Nanning Jun​
儋州​
Huguang​
1290​
9627​
23652​
Qiongzhou Fu​
琼州​
Guangdong​
575,000.0​
7,000.0​
Qianning Anfusi​
乾宁​
Huguang​
1290​
75837​
128184​
Qiongzhou Fu​
琼州​
Guangdong​
575,000.0​
7,000.0​
Wan'an Jun​
万宁​
Huguang​
1290​
5341​
8686​
Qiongzhou Fu​
琼州​
Guangdong​
575,000.0​
7,000.0​
Shaozhou Lu​
韶州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
19584​
176256​
Shaozhou Fu​
韶州​
Guangdong​
103,000.0​
0.0​
Yingdezhou​
英德​
Jiangxi​
1290​
Shaozhou Fu​
韶州​
Guangdong​
103,000.0​
0.0​
Deqing Lu​
德庆​
Jiangxi​
1290​
12705​
32997​
Zhaoqing Fu​
肇庆​
Guangdong​
565,000.0​
24,000.0​
Fengzhou​
封州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
2077​
10742​
Zhaoqing Fu​
肇庆​
Guangdong​
565,000.0​
24,000.0​
Nan'enzhou​
南恩​
Jiangxi​
1290​
19373​
96865​
Zhaoqing Fu​
肇庆​
Guangdong​
565,000.0​
24,000.0​
Xinzhou Lu​
新州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
11316​
67896​
Zhaoqing Fu​
肇庆​
Guangdong​
565,000.0​
24,000.0​
Zhaoqing Lu​
肇庆​
Jiangxi​
1290​
33338​
55429​
Zhaoqing Fu​
肇庆​
Guangdong​
565,000.0​
24,000.0​
Jingjiang Lu​
静江​
Huguang​
1290​
210852​
1352678​
Guilin Fu​
桂林​
Guangxi​
386,000.0​
50,000.0​
Quanzhou Lu​
全州​
Huguang​
1290​
41645​
240519​
Guilin Fu​
桂林​
Guangxi​
386,000.0​
50,000.0​
Liuzhou Lu​
柳州​
Huguang​
1290​
19143​
30694​
Liuzhou Fu​
柳州​
Guangxi​
259,000.0​
17,000.0​
Rongzhou​
融州​
Huguang​
1290​
21393​
39334​
Liuzhou Fu​
柳州​
Guangxi​
259,000.0​
17,000.0​
Xiangzhou​
象州​
Huguang​
1290​
19558​
92126​
Liuzhou Fu​
柳州​
Guangxi​
259,000.0​
17,000.0​
Yizhou​
宾州​
Huguang​
1290​
6248​
38879​
Liuzhou Fu​
柳州​
Guangxi​
259,000.0​
17,000.0​
Hengzhou​
横州​
Huguang​
1290​
4098​
31476​
Nanning Fu​
南宁​
Guangxi​
72,000.0​
33,000.0​
Nanning Lu​
南宁​
Huguang​
1290​
10542​
24520​
Nanning Fu​
南宁​
Guangxi​
72,000.0​
33,000.0​
Pingle Fu​
平乐​
Huguang​
1290​
7067​
33820​
Pingle Fu​
平乐​
Guangxi​
30,000.0​
0.0​
Qingyuan Anfusi​
庆远​
Huguang​
1290​
26537​
50253​
Qingyuan Fu​
庆元​
Guangxi​
82,000.0​
0.0​
Taiping Lu​
太平​
Huguang​
1290​
5319​
22186​
Taiping Fu​
太平​
Guangxi​
49,000.0​
0.0​
Rongzhou​
容州​
Huguang​
1290​
2999​
7854​
Wuzhou Fu​
梧州​
Guangxi​
268,000.0​
3,000.0​
Tengzhou​
藤州​
Huguang​
1290​
4295​
11218​
Wuzhou Fu​
梧州​
Guangxi​
268,000.0​
3,000.0​
Wuzhou Lu​
梧州​
Huguang​
1290​
5200​
10910​
Wuzhou Fu​
梧州​
Guangxi​
268,000.0​
3,000.0​
Yulinzhou​
郁林​
Huguang​
1290​
9053​
51528​
Wuzhou Fu​
梧州​
Guangxi​
268,000.0​
3,000.0​
Guizhou​
贵州​
Huguang​
1290​
8891​
20811​
Xunzhou Fu​
浔州​
Guangxi​
70,000.0​
0.0​
Hezhou​
贺州​
Huguang​
1290​
8676​
39235​
Xunzhou Fu​
浔州​
Guangxi​
70,000.0​
0.0​
Xunzhou Lu​
浔州​
Huguang​
1290​
9248​
30089​
Xunzhou Fu​
浔州​
Guangxi​
70,000.0​
0.0​
Lai'an Lu​
来安​
Huguang​
1290​
Guangxi/Else​
广西其他​
Guangxi*​
250,000.0​
0.0​
Siming Lu​
宁明​
Huguang​
1290​
4229​
18510​
Guangxi/Else​
广西其他​
Guangxi*​
250,000.0​
0.0​
Tianzhou Lu​
田州​
Huguang​
1290​
2991​
18901​
Guangxi/Else​
广西其他​
Guangxi*​
250,000.0​
0.0​
Zhen’an Lu​
镇安​
Huguang​
1290​
Guangxi/Else​
广西其他​
Guangxi*​
250,000.0​
0.0​
Henan Fu Lu​
河南​
Henan​
1252​
9502​
65751​
Henan Fu​
河南​
Henan​
621,000.0​
0.0​
Huaiqing Lu​
怀庆​
Zhongshu​
1270​
34993​
170926​
Huaiqing Fu​
怀庆​
Henan​
213,000.0​
17,000.0​
Bianliang Lu​
汴梁​
Henan​
1252​
30018​
184367​
Kaifeng Fu​
开封​
Henan​
1,337,000.0​
85,000.0​
Guide Fu​
归德​
Henan​
1330​
23317​
Kaifeng Fu​
开封​
Henan​
1,337,000.0​
85,000.0​
Nanyang Fu​
南阳​
Henan​
1252​
692​
4893​
Nanyang Fu​
南阳​
Henan​
281,000.0​
33,000.0​
Runing Fu​
汝宁​
Henan​
1330​
7075​
Runing Fu​
汝宁​
Henan​
215,000.0​
33,000.0​
Weihui Lu​
卫辉​
Zhongshu​
1270​
22119​
127217​
Weihui Fu​
卫辉​
Henan​
112,000.0​
17,000.0​
Zhangde Lu​
彰德​
Zhongshu​
1270​
35246​
88206​
Zhangde Fu​
彰德​
Henan​
132,000.0​
17,000.0​
Wugang Lu​
武冈​
Huguang​
1290​
77207​
356863​
Baoqing Fu​
宝庆​
Huguang​
148,000.0​
20,000.0​
Sizhou Anfusi​
思州​
Huguang​
Bianliu Wei​
边六卫​
Huguang​
200,000.0​
101,000.0​
Changde Lu​
常德​
Huguang​
1290​
206425​
1026042​
Changde Fu​
常德​
Huguang​
243,000.0​
60,000.0​
Chalingzhou​
茶陵​
Huguang​
1290​
36642​
177202​
Changsha Fu​
长沙​
Huguang​
537,000.0​
30,000.0​
Tianlin Lu​
天临​
Huguang​
1290​
603501​
1081010​
Changsha Fu​
长沙​
Huguang​
537,000.0​
30,000.0​
Mianyang Fu​
沔阳​
Henan​
1290​
17766​
30955​
Chengtian Fu​
长沙​
Huguang​
537,000.0​
30,000.0​
Chenzhou Lu​
郴州​
Huguang​
1290​
61259​
95119​
Chenzhou​
郴州​
Huguang​
110,000.0​
7,000.0​
Guiyang Lu​
桂阳​
Huguang​
1290​
65057​
102204​
Chenzhou​
郴州​
Huguang​
110,000.0​
7,000.0​
Chenzhou Lu​
辰州​
Huguang​
1290​
83223​
115945​
Chenzhou Fu​
辰州​
Huguang​
180,000.0​
33,000.0​
Yuanzhou Lu​
沅州​
Huguang​
1290​
48632​
79545​
Chenzhou Fu​
辰州​
Huguang​
180,000.0​
33,000.0​
Anlu Fu​
安陆​
Henan​
1290​
14665​
33554​
De'an Fu​
德安​
Huguang​
70,000.0​
3,000.0​
De'an Fu​
德安​
Henan​
1290​
10923​
36218​
De'an Fu​
德安​
Huguang​
70,000.0​
3,000.0​
Suizhou​
随州​
Henan​
1290​
15966​
52064​
De'an Fu​
德安​
Huguang​
70,000.0​
3,000.0​
Hanyang Fu​
汉阳​
Huguang​
1290​
14486​
40866​
Hanyang Fu​
汉阳​
Huguang​
50,000.0​
0.0​
Changningzhou​
常宁​
Huguang​
1290​
18431​
69402​
Hengzhou Fu​
衡州​
Huguang​
740,000.0​
33,000.0​
Hengzhou Lu​
衡州​
Huguang​
1290​
113373​
207523​
Hengzhou Fu​
衡州​
Huguang​
740,000.0​
33,000.0​
Huangzhou Lu​
黄州​
Henan​
1290​
13878​
36879​
Huangzhou Fu​
黄州​
Huguang​
740,000.0​
33,000.0​
Qizhou Lu​
蕲州​
Henan​
1290​
9190​
249321​
Huangzhou Fu​
黄州​
Huguang​
740,000.0​
33,000.0​
Jingzhou Lu​
靖州​
Huguang​
1290​
26594​
65955​
Jingzhou​
靖州​
Huguang​
100,000.0​
17,000.0​
Jingmenzhou​
荆门​
Henan​
1290​
29471​
165435​
Jingzhou Fu​
荆州​
Huguang​
425,000.0​
57,000.0​
Xiazhou Lu​
峡州​
Henan​
1290​
37291​
93947​
Jingzhou Fu​
荆州​
Huguang​
425,000.0​
57,000.0​
Zhongxing Lu​
中兴​
Henan​
1290​
170682​
599224​
Jingzhou Fu​
荆州​
Huguang​
425,000.0​
57,000.0​
Guizhou Lu​
归州​
Huguang​
1290​
7492​
10964​
Jingzhou Fu​
荆州​
Huguang​
425,000.0​
57,000.0​
Kui Lu​
夔州​
Sichuan​
1290​
20024​
99958​
Shizhou Wei​
施州​
Huguang​
140,000.0​
20,000.0​
Wuchang Lu​
武昌​
Huguang​
1290​
114632​
617118​
Wuchang Fu​
武昌​
Huguang​
320,000.0​
33,000.0​
Xingguo Lu​
兴国​
Huguang​
1290​
50952​
407616​
Wuchang Fu​
武昌​
Huguang​
320,000.0​
33,000.0​
Xiangyang Lu​
襄阳​
Henan​
1330​
5090​
Xiangyang Fu​
襄阳​
Huguang​
87,000.0​
33,000.0​
Yongshun Anfusi​
永顺​
Sichuan​
Yongshun Anfusi and Baoing Anfusi​
永顺、宝靖​
Huguang​
80,000.0​
0.0​
Daozhou Lu​
道州​
Huguang​
1290​
78018​
100989​
Yongzhou Fu​
永州​
Huguang​
379,000.0​
20,000.0​
Qiyang Xian​
祁阳​
Huguang​
1290​
25311​
110010​
Yongzhou Fu​
永州​
Huguang​
379,000.0​
20,000.0​
Yongzhou Lu​
永州​
Huguang​
1290​
55666​
105864​
Yongzhou Fu​
永州​
Huguang​
379,000.0​
20,000.0​
Lizhou Lu​
澧州​
Huguang​
1290​
209989​
1111543​
Yuezhou Fu​
岳州​
Huguang​
218,000.0​
17,000.0​
Yuezhou Lu​
岳州​
Huguang​
1290​
137508​
787743​
Yuezhou Fu​
岳州​
Huguang​
218,000.0​
17,000.0​
Fuzhou Lu​
抚州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
218455​
1092275​
Fuzhou Fu​
抚州​
Jiangxi​
1,202,000.0​
3,000.0​
Ganzhou Lu​
赣州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
71287​
285148​
Ganzhou Fu​
赣州​
Jiangxi​
366,000.0​
20,000.0​
Qianshan Lu​
铅山​
Jiangzhe​
1330​
26035​
Guangxin Fu​
广信​
Jiangxi​
486,000.0​
2,000.0​
Xinzhou Lu​
信州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
132290​
662258​
Guangxin Fu​
广信​
Jiangxi​
486,000.0​
2,000.0​
Ji'an Lu​
吉安​
Jiangxi​
1290​
444083​
2220415​
Ji'an Fu​
吉安​
Jiangxi​
1,718,000.0​
0.0​
Jianchang Lu​
建昌​
Jiangxi​
1290​
92223​
553338​
Jianchang Fu​
建昌​
Jiangxi​
513,000.0​
3,000.0​
Nanfeng Lu​
南丰​
Jiangxi​
1290​
25078​
128900​
Jianchang Fu​
建昌​
Jiangxi​
513,000.0​
3,000.0​
Jiangzhou Lu​
江州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
83977​
503852​
Jiujiang Fu​
九江​
Jiangxi​
85,000.0​
0.0​
Linjiang Lu​
临江​
Jiangxi​
1290​
158348​
791740​
Linjiang Fu​
临江​
Jiangxi​
553,000.0​
0.0​
Nan'an Lu​
南安​
Jiangxi​
1290​
50611​
303666​
Nan'an Fu​
南安​
Jiangxi​
75,000.0​
3,000.0​
Longxing Lu​
龙兴​
Jiangxi​
1290​
371436​
1485744​
Nanchang Fu​
南昌​
Jiangxi​
1,114,000.0​
17,000.0​
Nankang Lu​
南康​
Jiangxi​
1290​
95678​
478390​
Nankang Fu​
南康​
Jiangxi​
196,000.0​
0.0​
Raozhou Lu​
饶州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
680235​
4036570​
Raozhou Fu​
饶州​
Jiangxi​
921,000.0​
0.0​
Ruizhou Lu​
瑞州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
144572​
722302​
Ruizhou Fu​
瑞州​
Jiangxi​
429,000.0​
0.0​
Yuanzhou Lu​
袁州​
Jiangxi​
1290​
198563​
992815​
Yuanzhou Fu​
袁州​
Jiangxi​
383,000.0​
17,000.0​
Yijinai Lu​
亦集乃​
Gansu​
Khara Khoto​
Mongolia​
0.0​
0.0​
Dening Lu​
德宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Olon Süme​
Mongolia​
0.0​
0.0​
Wulahai Lu​
兀剌海​
Gansu​
Uriankhai​
Mongolia​
0.0​
24,300.0​
Anqing Lu​
安庆​
Henan​
1290​
35106​
219490​
Anqing Fu​
安庆​
Nanzhi​
431,000.0​
0.0​
Changzhou Lu​
常州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
209732​
1020011​
Changzhou Fu​
常州​
Nanzhi​
467,000.0​
0.0​
Jiangyin Zhou​
江阴​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
53821​
300177​
Changzhou Fu​
常州​
Nanzhi​
467,000.0​
0.0​
Chizhou Lu​
池州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
68547​
366567​
Chizhou Fu​
池州​
Nanzhi​
199,000.0​
17,000.0​
Anfeng Lu​
安丰​
Henan​
1290​
17992​
97611​
Fengyang Fu​
凤阳​
Nanzhi​
427,000.0​
188,000.0​
Guangde Lu​
广德​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
56513​
339780​
Guangdezhou​
广德​
Nanzhi​
60,000.0​
0.0​
Luzhou Lu​
庐州​
Henan​
1290​
31746​
229457​
Hezhou and Liu'an​
和州、滁州​
Nanzhi​
104,000.0​
17,000.0​
Huai'an Lu​
淮安​
Henan​
1290​
91022​
54377​
Huai'an Fu​
淮安​
Nanzhi​
741,000.0​
67,000.0​
Huizhou Lu​
徽州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
157471​
824304​
Huizhou Fu​
徽州​
Nanzhi​
195,000.0​
17,000.0​
Luzhou Lu​
庐州​
Henan​
1290​
31746​
229457​
Luzhou Fu​
庐州​
Nanzhi​
431,000.0​
0.0​
Ningguo Lu​
宁国​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
232538​
1162690​
Ningguo Fu​
宁国​
Nanzhi​
593,000.0​
17,000.0​
Songjiang Fu​
松江​
Jiangzhe​
1330​
16393​
Songjiang Fu​
松江​
Nanzhi​
1,226,000.0​
1,000.0​
Pingjiang Lu​
平江​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
466158​
2433700​
Suzhou Fu​
苏州​
Nanzhi​
2,355,000.0​
50,000.0​
Taiping Lu​
太平​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
76202​
446371​
Taipig Fu​
太平​
Nanzhi​
29,000.0​
0.0​
Bianliang Lu​
汴梁​
Henan​
1252​
30018​
184367​
Xuzhou​
徐州​
Nanzhi​
216,000.0​
17,000.0​
Gaoyou Lu​
高邮​
Henan​
1290​
50098​
Yangzhou Fu​
扬州​
Nanzhi​
794,000.0​
50,000.0​
Yangzhou Lu​
扬州​
Henan​
1290​
249466​
1471194​
Yangzhou Fu​
扬州​
Nanzhi​
794,000.0​
50,000.0​
Jiqing Lu​
集庆​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
214538​
1072690​
Yingtian Fu​
应天​
Nanzhi​
1,401,000.0​
706,000.0​
Zhenjiang Lu​
镇江​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
103315​
623644​
Zhenjiang Fu​
镇江​
Nanzhi​
520,000.0​
0.0​
Fengxiang Fu​
凤翔​
Shaanxi​
1252​
2081​
14908​
Fengxiang Fu​
凤翔​
Shaanxi​
240,000.0​
0.0​
Longzhou​
陇州​
Shaanxi​
Fengxiang Fu​
凤翔​
Shaanxi​
240,000.0​
0.0​
Chengzhou​
成州​
Shaanxi​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Dingxizhou​
定西​
Shaanxi​
1331​
7200​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Gongchangzhou​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
1252​
45135​
369272​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Huizhou​
徽州​
Shaanxi​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Huizhou​
会州​
Shaanxi​
Gongchang Fu​
靖虏​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Jiezhou​
阶州​
Shaanxi​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Qinzhou​
秦州​
Shaanxi​
12500​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Xihezhou​
西和​
Shaanxi​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌​
Shaanxi​
250,000.0​
33,000.0​
Jinyangzhou​
金洋​
Shaanxi​
Hanzhong Fu​
汉中​
Shaanxi​
60,000.0​
17,000.0​
Xingyuan Lu​
兴元​
Shaanxi​
1290​
2149​
19378​
Hanzhong Fu​
汉中​
Shaanxi​
60,000.0​
17,000.0​
Jinzhou​
金州​
Shaanxi​
Lintao Fu​
临洮​
Shaanxi​
50,000.0​
33,000.0​
Lintao Fu​
临洮​
Shaanxi​
Lintao Fu​
临洮​
Shaanxi​
50,000.0​
33,000.0​
Jingningzhou​
静宁​
Shaanxi​
Pingliang Fu​
平凉​
Shaanxi​
190,000.0​
17,000.0​
Jingzhou​
泾州​
Shaanxi​
Pingliang Fu​
平凉​
Shaanxi​
190,000.0​
17,000.0​
Kaichengzhou​
开成​
Shaanxi​
1290​
6250​
Pingliang Fu​
平凉​
Shaanxi​
190,000.0​
17,000.0​
Pingliang Fu​
平凉​
Shaanxi​
1290​
6250​
Pingliang Fu​
平凉​
Shaanxi​
190,000.0​
17,000.0​
Zhenyuanzhou​
镇原​
Shaanxi​
1290​
6250​
Pingliang Fu​
平凉​
Shaanxi​
190,000.0​
17,000.0​
Huanzhou​
环州​
Shaanxi​
Qingyang Fu​
庆阳​
Shaanxi​
90,000.0​
17,000.0​
Ningzhou​
宁州​
Shaanxi​
Qingyang Fu​
庆阳​
Shaanxi​
90,000.0​
17,000.0​
Qingyang Fu​
庆阳​
Shaanxi​
1290​
6250​
Qingyang Fu​
庆阳​
Shaanxi​
90,000.0​
17,000.0​
Binzhou​
邠州​
Shaanxi​
Xi'an Fu​
西安​
Shaanxi​
1,360,000.0​
118,000.0​
Fengyuan Lu​
奉元​
Shaanxi​
1252​
33935​
271399​
Xi'an Fu​
西安​
Shaanxi​
1,360,000.0​
118,000.0​
Yan‘an Lu​
延安​
Shaanxi​
1252​
6539​
94641​
Yan'an Fu​
延安​
Shaanxi​
410,000.0​
83,000.0​
Ganzhou Lu​
甘州​
Gansu​
1290​
1550​
23987​
Ganzhou Wei​
甘州​
Shaanxi*​
32,300.0​
121,600.0​
Guidezhou​
贵德​
Tuosima​
4500​
Hezhou Fu​
河州​
Shaanxi*​
14,000.0​
48,000.0​
Hezhou Lu​
河州​
Tuosima​
4500​
Hezhou Fu​
河州​
Shaanxi*​
14,000.0​
48,000.0​
Tiezhou​
铁州​
Tuosima​
4500​
Hezhou Fu​
河州​
Shaanxi*​
14,000.0​
48,000.0​
Lanzhou​
兰州​
Shaanxi​
Lintao Fu​
兰州​
Shaanxi*​
0.0​
0.0​
Lidianwenzhou​
礼店​
Tuosima​
4500​
Minzhou Wei​
岷州​
Shaanxi*​
8,700.0​
32,800.0​
Minizhou​
岷州​
Tuosima​
4500​
Minzhou Wei​
岷州​
Shaanxi*​
8,700.0​
32,800.0​
Ningxia Fu​
宁夏​
Gansu​
1290​
35000​
Ningxia Wei​
宁夏​
Shaanxi*​
18000​
69000​
Shandanzhou​
山丹​
Gansu​
Shandan Wei​
山丹​
Shaanxi*​
6,500.0​
24,300.0​
Shazhou Lu​
沙州​
Gansu​
Shazhou Lu​
沙州​
Shaanxi*​
40,000.0​
0.0​
Suzhou Lu​
肃州​
Gansu​
1290​
1262​
8679​
Suzhou Wei​
肃州​
Shaanxi*​
6,500.0​
24,300.0​
Taozhou​
洮州​
Tuosima​
4500​
Taozhou Wei​
洮州​
Shaanxi*​
6,900.0​
26,000.0​
Xiningzhou​
西宁​
Gansu​
Xining Wei​
西宁​
Shaanxi*​
18,300.0​
68,800.0​
Yongchang Lu​
永昌​
Gansu​
Yongchang Wei​
永昌​
Shaanxi*​
6,500.0​
24,300.0​
Yongchang Lu​
永昌​
Gansu​
Zhuanglang Wei​
庄浪​
Shaanxi*​
6,500.0​
24,300.0​
Banyang Fu Lu​
般阳​
Zhongshu​
1270​
21530​
123185​
Dengzhou Fu​
登州​
Shandong​
920,000.0​
42,000.0​
Ningyangzhou Lu​
宁海​
Zhongshu​
1270​
5713​
15743​
Dengzhou Fu​
登州​
Shandong​
920,000.0​
42,000.0​
Dongchang Lu​
东昌​
Zhongshu​
1270​
33102​
125406​
Dongchang Fu​
东昌​
Shandong​
110,000.0​
17,000.0​
Enzhou Lu​
恩州​
Zhongshu​
1270​
13473​
47349​
Dongchang Fu​
东昌​
Shandong​
110,000.0​
17,000.0​
Gaoyangzhou Lu​
高唐​
Zhongshu​
1270​
19104​
23121​
Dongchang Fu​
东昌​
Shandong​
110,000.0​
17,000.0​
Guanzhou Lu​
冠州​
Zhongshu​
1270​
5697​
23040​
Dongchang Fu​
东昌​
Shandong​
110,000.0​
17,000.0​
Puzhou Lu​
濮州​
Zhongshu​
1270​
17316​
64233​
Dongchang Fu​
东昌​
Shandong​
110,000.0​
17,000.0​
Banyang Fu Lu​
般阳​
Zhongshu​
1270​
21530​
123185​
Jinan Fu​
济南​
Shandong​
110,000.0​
17,000.0​
Dezhou Lu​
德州​
Zhongshu​
1270​
24424​
156952​
Jinan Fu​
济南​
Shandong​
1,100,000.0​
50,000.0​
Jinan Lu​
济南​
Zhongshu​
1270​
63289​
164885​
Jinan Fu​
济南​
Shandong​
1,100,000.0​
50,000.0​
Tai'an Lu​
泰安​
Zhongshu​
1270​
9540​
10795​
Jinan Fu​
济南​
Shandong​
1,100,000.0​
50,000.0​
Banyang Fu Lu​
般阳​
Zhongshu​
1270​
21530​
123185​
Laizhou Fu​
莱州​
Shandong​
850,000.0​
43,000.0​
Yidu Lu​
益都​
Zhongshu​
1270​
77164​
212502​
Laizhou Fu​
莱州​
Shandong​
850,000.0​
43,000.0​
Yidu Lu​
益都​
Zhongshu​
1270​
77164​
212502​
Qingzhou Fu​
青州​
Shandong​
1,880,000.0​
37,000.0​
Caozhou Lu​
曹州​
Zhongshu​
1270​
37153​
195355​
Yanzhou Fu​
兖州​
Shandong​
850,000.0​
43,000.0​
Dongping Lu​
东平​
Zhongshu​
1270​
47531​
123257​
Yanzhou Fu​
兖州​
Shandong​
850,000.0​
43,000.0​
Jinan Lu​
济宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
10545​
59818​
Yanzhou Fu​
兖州​
Shandong​
850,000.0​
43,000.0​
Daming Lu​
大同​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45945​
128496​
Datong Fu​
大同​
Shanxi​
177,000.0​
250,000.0​
Jining Lu​
冀宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
75404​
155321​
Fenzhou​
汾州​
Shanxi​
242,000.0​
0.0​
Jinning Lu​
晋宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
120630​
270121​
Liaozhou​
辽州​
Shanxi​
95,000.0​
0.0​
Jinning Lu​
晋宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
120630​
270121​
Lu'an Fu​
潞安​
Shanxi​
473,000.0​
17,000.0​
Jinning Lu​
晋宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
120630​
270121​
Pingyang Fu​
平阳​
Shanxi​
1,479,000.0​
12,000.0​
Jinning Lu​
晋宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
120630​
270121​
Qinzhou​
沁州​
Shanxi​
102,000.0​
3,000.0​
Jining Lu​
冀宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
75404​
155321​
Taiyuan Fu​
太原​
Shanxi​
921,000.0​
94,000.0​
Jinning Lu​
晋宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
120630​
270121​
Zezhou​
泽州​
Shanxi​
371,000.0​
0.0​
Xinghe Lu​
兴和​
Zhongshu​
1270​
8973​
39495​
Xinghe Wei​
兴和​
Shanxi*​
0.0​
0.0​
Guangyuan Lu​
广元​
Sichuan​
1290​
16442​
96406​
Baoning Fu​
宝宁​
Sichuan​
57,000.0​
0.0​
Chengdu Fu Lu​
成都​
Sichuan​
1290​
32912​
215888​
Chengdu Fu​
成都​
Sichuan​
221,000.0​
155,000.0​
Chongqing Lu​
重庆​
Sichuan​
1290​
22395​
93535​
Chongqing Fu​
重庆​
Sichuan​
364,000.0​
17,000.0​
Huaide Fu​
怀德​
Sichuan​
Chongqing Fu​
重庆​
Sichuan​
364,000.0​
17,000.0​
Shaoqing Fu​
绍庆​
Sichuan​
1290​
3944​
15189​
Chongqing Fu​
重庆​
Sichuan​
364,000.0​
17,000.0​
Jiading Fu Lu​
嘉定​
Sichuan​
Jiadingzhou​
嘉定​
Sichuan​
68,000.0​
0.0​
Kui Lu​
夔州​
Sichuan​
1290​
20024​
99958​
Kuizhou Fu​
夔州​
Sichuan​
65,000.0​
0.0​
Jiading Fu Lu​
嘉定​
Sichuan​
Meizhou​
眉州​
Sichuan​
33,000.0​
0.0​
Shunqing Lu​
顺庆​
Sichuan​
1290​
2821​
95156​
Shunqing Fu​
顺庆​
Sichuan​
107,000.0​
0.0​
Tongchuan Fu​
潼川​
Sichuan​
Tongchuan Fu​
潼川​
Sichuan​
62,000.0​
0.0​
Lower Luoji​
上罗计​
Sichuan​
Xuzhou Fu​
叙州​
Sichuan​
195,000.0​
17,000.0​
Sishiliutun​
四十六囤​
Sichuan​
Xuzhou Fu​
叙州​
Sichuan​
195,000.0​
17,000.0​
Upper Luoji​
下罗计​
Sichuan​
Xuzhou Fu​
叙州​
Sichuan​
195,000.0​
17,000.0​
Xuzhou Lu​
叙州​
Sichuan​
Xuzhou Fu​
叙州​
Sichuan​
195,000.0​
17,000.0​
Yazhou​
雅州​
Shaanxi​
4500​
Yazhou​
雅州​
Sichuan​
0.0​
0.0​
Lizhou​
黎州​
Shaanxi​
4500​
Lizhou Anfusi​
黎州​
Sichuan*​
0.0​
0.0​
Mahu Lu​
马湖​
Sichuan​
Mahu Fu​
马湖​
Sichuan*​
120,000.0​
0.0​
Yingchang Lu​
应昌​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Laohahe Wei​
老哈河​
Uriankhai​
0.0​
0.0​
Taining Lu​
泰宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Taining Wei​
泰宁​
Uriankhai​
0.0​
0.0​
Chuzhou Lu​
处州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
132754​
493692​
Chuzhou Fu​
处州​
Zhejiang​
697,000.0​
0.0​
Hangzhou Lu​
杭州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
360850​
1834710​
Hangzhou Fu​
杭州​
Zhejiang​
1,081,000.0​
37,000.0​
Huzhou Lu​
湖州​
Jiangzhe​
1330​
254345​
Huzhou Fu​
湖州​
Zhejiang​
1,200,000.0​
3,000.0​
Jiaxing Lu​
嘉兴​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
426656​
2245742​
Jiaxing Fu​
嘉兴​
Zhejiang​
1,638,000.0​
20,000.0​
Wuzhou Lu​
婺州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
221118​
1077540​
Jinhua Fu​
金华​
Zhejiang​
1,280,000.0​
10,000.0​
Qingyaun Lu​
庆元​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
241457​
511113​
Ningbo Fu​
宁波​
Zhejiang​
1,593,000.0​
4,000.0​
Quzhou Lu​
衢州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
108567​
543600​
Quzhou Fu​
衢州​
Zhejiang​
537,000.0​
0.0​
Shaoxing Lu​
绍兴​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
151234​
521588​
Shaoxing Fu​
绍兴​
Zhejiang​
1,335,000.0​
30,000.0​
Taizhou Lu​
台州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
196415​
1003833​
Taizhou Fu​
台州​
Zhejiang​
987,000.0​
50,000.0​
Wenzhou Lu​
温州​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
187403​
497848​
Wenzhou Fu​
温州​
Zhejiang​
891,000.0​
50,000.0​
Jiande Lu​
建德​
Jiangzhe​
1290​
103481​
504264​
Yanzhou Fu​
严州​
Zhejiang​
533,000.0​
0.0​
Yongning Lu​
永宁​
Sichuan​
Diaomen Si​
碉门​
Tuosima​
4500​
Jingzhou Lu​
净州​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Jining Lu​
集宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Ningchang Lu​
宁昌​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Quanning Lu​
全宁​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Shajing Lu​
砂井​
Zhongshu​
1270​
45000​
Shangdu Lu​
上都​
Zhongshu​
1270​
41062​
118191​
 
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This is the table combining 1953 census data and 1393 Ming adminstration division, which reflects the county-level population distribution. I calculated their total population of each prefectures (province in game) and county population's share in total population (location)
NAME_PYNAME_CHTYPE_PYECNTY_JoinECNTY_CountPopulation_JoinTotal PopulationPopulation Percent Join
Huangzhou Fu​
黄州府​
Fu​
Huangpi Xian,Huangang Xian,Hongan Xian,Luotian Xian,Xishui Xian,Qichun Xian,Huangmei Xian,Xinzhou Xian,Macheng Xian,Guangji Xian​
10​
819238,397060,354647,221789,577876,512262,459696,532285,571914,348594​
4795361​
17.08,8.28,7.39,4.62,12.05,10.68,9.58,11.09,11.92,7.26​
Mianyang Zhou​
沔阳州​
Zhou​
Tianmen Xian,Mianyang Xian,Honghu Xian​
3​
694796,732820,342990​
1770606​
39.24,41.38,19.37​
Wuchang Fu​
武昌府​
Fu​
Wuchang Xian,Xianning Xian,Tongshan Xian,Chongyang Xian,Tongcheng Xian,Puqi Xian,Jiayu Xian,Yangxin Xian,Dayie Xian,Echeng Xian,Wuhan Shi,Huangshi Shi​
12​
380780,196752,181025,179777,204973,182801,154692,343256,415323,487333,1427291,110492​
4264495​
8.92,4.61,4.24,4.21,4.80,4.28,3.62,8.04,9.73,11.42,33.46,2.59​
Hanyang Fu​
汉阳府​
Fu​
Hanyang Xian,Hanchuan Xian​
2​
442853,499454​
942307​
46.99,53.00​
De'an Fu​
德安府​
Fu​
Sui Xian,Xiaogan Xian,Dawu Xian,Yunmeng Xian,Yingshan Xian,Yingcheng Xian,Anlu Xian​
7​
634602,721734,314940,269561,391305,311735,279524​
2923401​
21.70,24.68,10.77,9.22,13.38,10.66,9.56​
Jingzhou Fu​
荆州府​
Fu​
Yichang Xian,Yuanan Xian,Xingshan Xian,Zigui Xian,Changyang Xian,Yidu Xian,Dangyang Xian,Zhijiang Xian,Gongan Xian,Jianli Xian,Jiangling Xian,Jingjiang Xian,Jingmen Xian,Qianjiang Xian,Shishou Xian,Songci Xian,Badong Xian,Yichang Shi,Shashi Shi​
19​
376701,101891,120924,258620,286197,296785,243691,260765,247233,649062,456310,220081,474973,456855,272359,540260,273333,88433,85849​
5710322​
6.59,1.78,2.11,4.52,5.01,5.19,4.26,4.56,4.32,11.36,7.99,3.85,8.31,8.00,4.76,9.46,4.78,1.54,1.50​
Xiangyang Fu​
襄阳府​
Fu​
Xiangyang Xian,Nanzhang Xian,Gucheng Xian,Baokang Xian,Hongshan Xian,Fang Xian,Zhushan Xian,Zhuxi Xian,Yunxi Xian,Yun Xian,Jun Xian,Guanghua Xian,Zaoyang Xian,Yicheng Xian,Xiangfan Shi​
15​
658128,335173,305588,185997,141654,318241,322872,229445,297795,443689,267994,225352,471062,221873,73298​
4498161​
14.63,7.45,6.79,4.13,3.14,7.07,7.17,5.10,6.62,9.86,5.95,5.00,10.47,4.93,1.62​
Datong Fu​
大同府​
Fu​
Laiyuan Xian,Yu Xian,Datong Shi,Yanggao Xian,Tianzhen Xian,Guangling Xian,Lingqiu Xian,Hunyuan Xian,Zuoyun Xian,Datong Xian,Huairen Xian,Ying Xian,Shanyin Xian,Shuo Xian,Pinglu Xian,Youyu Xian​
16​
145120,342394,228508,202698,143683,99939,109349,183690,86489,153806,106891,156041,113788,145602,91142,58458​
2367598​
6.12,14.46,9.65,8.56,6.06,4.22,4.61,7.75,3.65,6.49,4.51,6.59,4.80,6.14,3.84,2.46​
Taiyuan Fu​
太原府​
Fu​
Taiyuan Shi,Yangquan Shi,Yuci Qu,Xin Xian,Dingxiang Xian,Wutai Xian,Dai Xian,Fanzhi Xian,Ningwu Xian,Jingle Xian,Shenchi Xian,Wuzhai Xian,Kelan Xian,Hequ Xian,Baode Xian,Pianguan Xian,Guo Xian,Yangqu Xian,Lan Xian,Xing Xian,Yuci Xian,Shouyang Xian,Yu Xian,Pingding Xian,Xiyang Xian,Taigu Xian,Qingxu Xian,Qi Xian,Wenshui Xian,Jiaocheng Xian,Zhongyang Xian,Lishi Xian,Fangshan Xian,Lin Xian​
34​
720725,177358,63804,238249,112498,205666,131331,137332,76774,135962,56809,55375,48511,76303,60959,55543,274121,111733,69934,116807,122451,160542,180032,252604,153408,127506,130139,126029,171229,119151,105519,164781,42771,285632​
5067588​
14.22,3.49,1.25,4.70,2.21,4.05,2.59,2.71,1.51,2.68,1.12,1.09,0.95,1.50,1.20,1.09,5.40,2.20,1.38,2.30,2.41,3.16,3.55,4.98,3.02,2.51,2.56,2.48,3.37,2.35,2.08,3.25,0.84,5.63​
Fen Zhou​
汾州​
Zhou​
Pingyao Xian,Jiexiu Xian,Xiaoyi Xian,Fenyang Xian​
4​
250536,151528,155578,184780​
742422​
33.74,20.40,20.95,24.88​
Liao Zhou​
辽州​
Zhou​
Heshun Xian,Zuoquan Xian,Yushe Xian​
3​
80435,99534,71306​
251275​
32.01,39.61,28.37​
Qin Zhou​
沁州​
Zhou​
Wuxiang Xian,Qin Xian,Qinyuan Xian​
3​
136883,110874,92984​
340741​
40.17,32.53,27.28​
Ze Zhou​
泽州​
Fu​
Lingchuan Xian,Gaoping Xian,Jincheng Xian,Yangcheng Xian,Qinshui Xian​
5​
155193,253036,329954,236292,135631​
1110106​
13.98,22.79,29.72,21.28,12.21​
Pingyang Fu​
平阳府​
Fu​
Yuncheng Xian,Linjin Xian,Ronghe Xian,Wenxi Xian,Jishan Xian,Xinjiang Xian,Jiang Xian,Yuanqu Xian,Xia Xian,Pinglu Xian,Ruicheng Xian,Xie Xian,Yuxiang Xian,Yishi Xian,Anyi Xian,Wanquan Xian,Yongji Xian,Hejin Xian,Linfen Xian,Quwo Xian,Yicheng Xian,Fencheng Xian,Hongdong Xian,Anze Xian,Fushan Xian,Ji Xian,Xiangning Xian,Daning Xian,Xi Xian,Yonghe Xian,Pu Xian,Fenxi Xian,Xiangling Xian,Shilou Xian,Zhaocheng Xian,Huo Xian,Lingshi Xian​
37​
32201,114207,94064,168564,142652,133310,79741,85460,153501,112066,91963,67434,69868,103934,109657,92698,152824,143765,229763,133372,144859,102648,159458,89434,80215,47822,85384,22995,57220,25342,40856,51725,96005,39439,123318,73479,117663​
3668906​
0.87,3.11,2.56,4.59,3.88,3.63,2.17,2.32,4.18,3.05,2.50,1.83,1.90,2.83,2.98,2.52,4.16,3.91,6.26,3.63,3.94,2.79,4.34,2.43,2.18,1.30,2.32,0.62,1.55,0.69,1.11,1.40,2.61,1.07,3.36,2.00,3.20​
Lu Zhou​
潞州​
Zhou​
Changzhi Shi,Changzhi Xian,Xiangyuan Xian,Tunliu Xian,Pingshun Xian,Licheng Xian,Huguan Xian,Zhangzi Xian,Lucheng Xian​
9​
97853,194223,139780,142399,108680,94410,158435,186306,131277​
1253363​
7.80,15.49,11.15,11.36,8.67,7.53,12.64,14.86,10.47​
Anlu Zhou​
安陆州​
Zhou​
Zhongxiang Xian,Jingshan Xian​
2​
424379,292085​
716464​
59.23,40.76​
Zhending Fu​
真定府​
Fu​
Jingxing Xian,Zhending Xian,Luancheng Xian,Gaoyi Xian,Zanhuang Xian,Pingshan Xian,Yuanshi Xian,Zhao Xian,Gaocheng Xian,Jin Xian,Huolu Xian,Shen Xian,Wuqiang Xian,Wuyi Xian,Hengshui Xian,Zaoqiang Xian,Ji Xian,Jianping Xian,Lingshou Xian,Lincheng Xian,Baixiang Xian,Longyao Xian,Nangong Xian,Ningjin Xian,Xinhe Xian,Shijiazhuang Shi,Raoyang Xian,Anping Xian,Wuji Xian,Ding Xian,Xinle Xian,Xingtang Xian,Quyang Xian,Fuping Xian​
34​
170866,301418,183403,79731,97836,159972,175094,273088,376607,240456,216734,375352,115707,201768,161717,261648,260455,106796,150880,87731,88817,235246,282186,388440,99912,373443,175901,184362,242887,640973,195404,216157,238465,116340​
7475792​
2.28,4.03,2.45,1.06,1.30,2.13,2.34,3.65,5.03,3.21,2.89,5.02,1.54,2.69,2.16,3.49,3.48,1.42,2.01,1.17,1.18,3.14,3.77,5.19,1.33,4.99,2.35,2.46,3.24,8.57,2.61,2.89,3.18,1.55​
Hejian Fu​
河间府​
Fu​
Tianjing Shi,Cang Xian,Dongguang Xian,Yanshan Xian,Nanpi Xian,Wuqiao Xian,Xian Xian,Ningjin Xian,Qingyun Xian,Huanghua Xian,Hejian Xian,Gucheng Xian,Jing Xian,Fucheng Xian,Jianguo Xian,Jiaohe Xian,Qing Xian,Jinghai Xian,Renqiu Xian,Botou Shi,Suning Xian​
21​
2693831,402320,234612,351764,225098,254273,245126,294562,179704,258124,328457,156447,330428,214793,227642,272391,206403,376625,328511,28036,175885​
7785032​
34.60,5.16,3.01,4.51,2.89,3.26,3.14,3.78,2.30,3.31,4.21,2.00,4.24,2.75,2.92,3.49,2.65,4.83,4.21,0.36,2.25​
Shunde Fu​
顺德府​
Fu​
Xingtai Xian,Neiqiu Xian,Nanhe Xian,Julu Xian,Guangzong Xian,Pingxiang Xian,Shahe Xian,Ren Xian,Xingtai Shi​
9​
252711,111765,143982,165843,117701,124717,178277,139442,55984​
1290422​
19.58,8.66,11.15,12.85,9.12,9.66,13.81,10.80,4.33​
Guangping Fu​
广平府​
Fu​
Handan Xian,Chengan Xian,Feixiang Xian,Yongnian Xian,Jize Xian,Guangping Xian,Quzhou Xian,Wei Xian,Qinghe Xian​
9​
183951,228163,149818,370758,104666,119965,174642,277738,176263​
1785964​
10.29,12.77,8.38,20.75,5.86,6.71,9.77,15.55,9.86​
Daming Fu​
大名府​
Fu​
Daming Xian,Wei Xian,Dongming Xian,Jun Xian,Qingfeng Xian,Nanle Xian,Puyang Xian,Neihuang Xian,Hua Xian,Changyuan Xian​
10​
325532,318798,387261,331773,347080,235516,641547,333739,674076,407688​
4003010​
8.13,7.96,9.67,8.28,8.67,5.88,16.02,8.33,16.83,10.18​
Yongping Fu​
永平府​
Fu​
Changli Xian,Luan Xian,Luannan Xian,Leting Xian,Qianxi Xian,Funing Xian,Lulong Xian,Qianan Xian,Tangshan Shi,Qinglong Xian​
10​
350984,311065,363415,346703,186739,222973,248492,312783,693305,371378​
3407837​
10.29,9.12,10.66,10.17,5.47,6.54,7.29,9.17,20.34,10.89​
Baoding Fu​
保定府​
Fu​
Shulu Xian,Mancheng Xian,Qingyuan Xian,Laishui Xian,Xushui Xian,Dingxing Xian,Tang Xian,Gaoyang Xian,Rongcheng Xian,Wangdu Xian,Anxin Xian,Yi Xian,Wan Xian,Xiong Xian,Xincheng Xian,Baoding Shi,Shenze Xian,Li Xian,Boye Xian,Anguo Xian​
20​
362213,202626,396473,184029,316963,306371,221128,187796,144835,165410,207249,326973,166035,177116,274912,196973,128982,267158,137430,247178​
4617850​
7.84,4.38,8.58,3.98,6.86,6.63,4.78,4.06,3.13,3.58,4.48,7.08,3.59,3.83,5.95,4.26,2.79,5.78,2.97,5.35​
Beiping Fu​
北平府​
Fu​
Beijing Shi,Fengrun Xian,Yutian Xian,Zunhua Xian,Fengnan Xian,Zhuo Xian,Guan Xian,Huailai Xian,Yanqing Xian,Anci Xian,Wuqing Xian,Ninghe Xian,Baodi Xian,Dacheng Xian,Wenan Xian,Yongqing Xian,Ba Xian,Fangshan Xian,Shunyi Xian,Changping Xian,Tong Xian,Liangxiang Xian,Daxing Xian,Ji Xian,Pinggu Xian,Huairou Xian,Miyun Xian,Xianghe Xian,Sanhe Xian,Tongzhou Shi,Hangu Shi​
31​
2768149,488085,393873,385488,347803,282927,220780,193828,143789,232578,493912,265296,337219,206569,215810,182641,269748,150361,323630,275381,370821,137568,201410,361678,203898,134762,228210,191926,274392,67482,51285​
10401299​
26.61,4.69,3.78,3.70,3.34,2.72,2.12,1.86,1.38,2.23,4.74,2.55,3.24,1.98,2.07,1.75,2.59,1.44,3.11,2.64,3.56,1.32,1.93,3.47,1.96,1.29,2.19,1.84,2.63,0.64,0.49​
Jinan Fu​
济南府​
Fu​
Jinan Shi,Dezhou Shi,Zichuan Xian,Zhangzhou Shi,Taian Xian,Zhangqiu Xian,Laiwu Xian,Pingyin Xian,Changqing Xian,Licheng Xian,Xintai Xian,Feicheng Xian,De Xian,Linyi Xian,Qihe Xian,Pingyuan Xian,Deping Xian,Shanghe Xian,Jiyang Xian,Leling Xian,Yucheng Xian,Bin Xian,Huimin Xian,Yangxin Xian,Wudi Xian,Zhanhua Xian,Zouping Xian,Kenli Xian,Lijin Xian,Putai Xian,Qidong Xian,Changshan Xian,Huantai Xian​
33​
680084,47439,480509,75287,603129,730636,551493,240385,517725,340390,418824,534736,360057,242509,326384,292194,265903,377393,358664,332401,327115,274198,407719,276997,279611,291277,153888,166455,173821,122566,147253,228674,353393​
10979109​
6.19,0.43,4.37,0.68,5.49,6.65,5.02,2.18,4.71,3.10,3.81,4.87,3.27,2.20,2.97,2.66,2.42,3.43,3.26,3.02,2.97,2.49,3.71,2.52,2.54,2.65,1.40,1.51,1.58,1.11,1.34,2.08,3.21​
Dongchang Fu​
东昌府​
Fu​
Qiu Xian,Xiajin Xian,Wucheng Xian,En Xian,Liaocheng Xian,Shen Xian,Chiping Xian,Guan Xian,Gaotang Xian,Fan Xian,Pu Xian,Guanchao Xian,Guantao Xian,Linqing Xian,Tangyi Xian,Boping Xian,Qingping Xian,Linqing Shi,Juancheng Xian​
19​
88433,247048,162281,301608,289972,223071,222753,191772,245845,147862,127263,232129,266655,261611,220619,202663,210750,43999,391010​
4077344​
2.16,6.05,3.98,7.39,7.11,5.47,5.46,4.70,6.02,3.62,3.12,5.69,6.53,6.41,5.41,4.97,5.16,1.07,9.58​
Yanzhou Fu​
兖州府​
Fu​
Jining Shi,Jining Xian,Yutai Xian,Jingxiang Xian,Jiaxiang Xian,Wenshang Xian,Teng Xian,Yi Xian,Xuecheng Xian,Fushan Xian,Qufu Xian,Ziyang Xian,Zou Xian,Ningyang Xian,Dongping Xian,Sishui Xian,Linyi Xian,Tancheng Xian,Cangshan Xian,Fei Xian,Pingyi Xian,Linshu Xian,Yanggu Xian,Donge Xian,Shouzhang Xian,Heze Xian,Cao Xian,Shan Xian,Chengwu Xian,Juyie Xian,Yuncheng Xian,Dingtao Xian,Liangshan Xian,Fucheng Xian​
34​
86206,262564,210146,328377,537504,292597,552117,575569,285531,327995,327134,286050,388521,316025,381989,286255,658049,338770,575039,416426,452144,375231,336549,315848,236453,593109,546655,543744,361719,475703,690023,324976,497173,267371​
13449562​
0.64,1.95,1.56,2.44,3.99,2.17,4.10,4.27,2.12,2.43,2.43,2.12,2.88,2.34,2.84,2.12,4.89,2.51,4.27,3.09,3.36,2.78,2.50,2.34,1.75,4.40,4.06,4.04,2.68,3.53,5.13,2.41,3.69,1.98​
Qingzhou Fu​
青州府​
Fu​
Zangma Xian,Wulian Xian,Zhucheng Xian,Rizhao Xian,Zibo Shi,Boshan Xian,Linqu Xian,Changle Xian,Linzi Xian,Yangjiaogou Xian,Yidu Xian,Shouguang Xian,Anqiu Xian,Yinan Xian,Yishui Xian,Junan Xian,Mengyin Xian,Ju Xian,Yiyuan Xian,Boxing Xian,Guangrao Xian,Gaoqing Xian​
22​
305791,376637,629383,637877,184242,130332,397996,330567,216451,6435,476080,602373,669549,503399,576264,510617,220062,587126,255455,255049,355332,256694​
8483711​
3.60,4.43,7.41,7.51,2.17,1.53,4.69,3.89,2.55,7.58,5.61,7.10,7.89,5.93,6.79,6.01,2.59,6.92,3.01,3.00,4.18,3.02​
Laizhou Fu​
莱州府​
Fu​
Qingdao Shi,Weifang Shi,Jidong Xian,Gaomi Xian,Jiao Xian,Jimo Xian,Jiaonan Xian,Liaolan Xian,Pingdu Xian,Yie Xian,Yienan Xian,Wei Xian,Changnan Xian,Changyi Xian​
14​
916846,148924,350190,516653,479259,486485,404344,488088,502879,399718,294878,486709,222351,269356​
5966680​
15.36,2.49,5.86,8.65,8.03,8.15,6.77,8.18,8.42,6.69,4.94,8.15,3.72,4.51​
Dengzhou Fu​
登州府​
Fu​
Yantai Shi,Weihai Shi,Changshandao Tequ,Laixi Xian,Huang Xian,Laiyang Xian,Penglai Xian,Zhaoyuan Xian,Qixia Xian,Shidao Xian,Haiyang Xian,Fushan Xian,Muping Xian,Kunyu Xian,Wendeng Xian,Rongcheng Xian,Rushan Xian​
17​
115950,39178,21663,458691,402745,534705,328863,392943,411519,151836,459685,218202,368372,416762,352915,305139,455873​
5435041​
2.13,0.72,0.39,8.43,7.41,9.83,6.05,7.22,7.57,2.79,8.45,4.01,6.77,7.66,6.49,5.61,8.38​
Zhangde Fu​
彰德府​
Fu​
Lingzhang Xian,She Xian,Ci Xian,Wuan Xian,Handan Shi,Fengfeng Kuangqu,Anyang Shi,Anyang Xian,Tangyin Xian,Lin Xian​
10​
267008,193741,264408,364421,80158,144857,124890,305242,279537,485256​
2509518​
10.63,7.72,10.53,14.52,3.19,5.77,4.97,12.16,11.13,19.33​
Weihui Fu​
卫辉府​
Fu​
Xinxiang Shi,Qi Xian,Xinxiang Xian,Huojia Xian,Ji Xian,Hui Xian​
6​
170536,117637,219445,200112,200399,320226​
1228355​
13.88,9.57,17.86,16.29,16.31,26.06​
Kaifeng Fu​
开封府​
Fu​
Zhenzhou Shi,Kaifeng Shi,Shangqiu Shi,Zhoukou Shi,Luohe Shi,Xuchang Shi,Qi Xian,Tongxu Xian,Weishi Xian,Kaifeng Xian,Lanfeng Xian,Zhongmu Xian,Chenggao Xian,Xingyang Xian,Mi Xian,Xinzhen Xian,Yuanyang Xian,Yanjing Xian,Fengqiu Xian,Xuchang Xian,Yanling Xian,Xiangcheng Xian,Linying Xian,Yancheng Xian,Yu Xian,Fugou Xian,Shangshui Xian,Xihua Xian,Changge Xian,Shangqiu Xian,Huaiyang Xian,Miquan Xian,Sui Xian,Ningling Xian,Zhecheng Xian,Yucheng Xian,Xiayi Xian,Gushu Xian,Xiangcheng Xian,Luyi Xian,Taikang Xian,Dancheng Xian,Shenqiu Xian,Yongcheng Xian​
44​
594728,299098,134431,85503,92268,67918,487128,256981,248246,288351,168734,283791,186849,191768,380205,300507,310100,251441,337617,471534,315794,390751,340355,397762,651304,352753,644032,354190,272939,416367,651167,269300,338765,243279,341614,219272,395912,409397,471491,585487,572182,557117,533539,768977​
15930944​
3.73,1.87,0.84,0.53,0.57,0.42,3.05,1.61,1.55,1.81,1.05,1.78,1.17,1.20,2.38,1.88,1.94,1.57,2.11,2.95,1.98,2.45,2.13,2.49,4.08,2.21,4.04,2.22,1.71,2.61,4.08,1.69,2.12,1.52,2.14,1.37,2.48,2.56,2.95,3.67,3.59,3.49,3.34,4.82​
Huaiqing Fu​
怀庆府​
Fu​
Boai Xian,Xiuwu Xian,Wuzhi Xian,Wen Xian,Meng Xian,Qinyang Xian,Jiyuan Xian,Jiaozuogong Kuangqu​
8​
193228,157175,300396,193174,206689,199275,263485,96986​
1610408​
11.99,9.75,18.65,11.99,12.83,12.37,16.36,6.02​
Henan Fu​
河南府​
Fu​
Luoyang Shi,Gong Xian,Dengfeng Xian,Luoyang Xian,Mengjin Xian,Xinan Xian,Song Xian,Yiyang Xian,Luoning Xian,Yichuan Xian,Luanchuan Xian,Lushi Xian,Lingbao Xian,Wenxiang Xian,Shan Xian,Shengchi Xian,Yanshi Xian,Tongguan Xian​
18​
171160,390332,274468,446455,141205,241228,266762,278955,234826,318518,150665,197528,233555,91891,216165,173933,285744,67968​
4181358​
4.09,9.33,6.56,10.67,3.37,5.76,6.37,6.67,5.61,7.61,3.60,4.72,5.58,2.19,5.16,4.15,6.83,1.62​
Nanyang Fu​
南阳府​
Fu​
Nanyang Shi,Yiyang Xian,Wuyang Xian,Yie Xian,Baofeng Xian,Lushan Xian,Jia Xian,Linru Xian,Nanyang Xian,Nanzhao Xian,Fangcheng Xian,Xixia Xian,Zhenping Xian,Neixiang Xian,Xichuan Xian,Biyang Xian,Tanghe Xian,Xinyie Xian,Tongbai Xian,Deng Xian​
20​
56378,188618,500779,459559,307942,403743,289020,415041,784536,288981,615731,254212,504005,376297,405622,491050,787491,386984,161628,802278​
8479895​
0.66,2.22,5.90,5.41,3.63,4.76,3.40,4.89,9.25,3.40,7.26,2.99,5.94,4.43,4.78,5.79,9.28,4.56,1.90,9.46​
Runing Fu​
汝宁府​
Fu​
Xinyang Shi,Zhumadian Shi,Xinyang Xian,Luoshan Xian,Guangshan Xian,Xin Xian,Shangcheng Xian,Gushi Xian,Huangchuan Xian,Huaibin Xian,Xi Xian,Queshan Xian,Suiping Xian,Xiping Xian,Shangcai Xian,Runan Xian,Pingyu Xian,Xincai Xian,Zhengyang Xian​
19​
87625,29057,481264,306911,464273,155169,402806,637758,376644,453736,438596,324000,352886,457266,635440,456319,444355,490335,361473​
7355913​
1.19,0.39,6.54,4.17,6.31,2.10,5.47,8.67,5.12,6.16,5.96,4.40,4.79,6.21,8.63,6.20,6.04,6.66,4.91​
Hanzhong Fu​
汉中府​
Lu​
Hanzhong Shi,Baocheng Xian,Nanzheng Xian,Chenggu Xian,Yang Xian,Xixiang Xian,Mian Xian,Ningqiang Xian,Lueyang Xian,Zhenba Xian,Liuba Xian,Feng Xian,Liping Xian,Ankang Xian,Hanyin Xian,Shiquan Xian,Ziyang Xian,Langao Xian,Pingli Xian,Zhenping Xian,Xunyang Xian,Baihe Xian​
22​
73747,186712,318130,289679,260932,243710,160292,207325,121733,185280,27465,53926,31124,437861,163523,103125,227328,119382,162414,32558,272442,130175​
3808863​
1.93,4.90,8.35,7.60,6.85,6.39,4.20,5.44,3.19,4.86,0.72,1.41,0.81,11.49,4.29,2.70,5.96,3.13,4.26,0.85,7.15,3.41​
Yan'an Lu​
延安府​
Fu​
Yanan Xian,Yanchang Xian,Ansai Xian,Zhidan Xian,Ganquan Xian,Fu Xian,Luochuan Xian,Yichuan Xian,Huanglong Xian,Huangling Xian,Yijun Xian,Fugu Xian,Hengshan Xian,Jingbian Xian,Yanchuan Xian,Zichang Xian,Suide Xian,Mizhi Xian,Jia Xian,Wubao Xian,Qingjian Xian,Zizhou Xian​
22​
93905,58579,59809,41296,19036,48782,75751,51172,35552,35648,52528,112162,113547,86489,58866,84743,164469,98996,119754,43894,94811,117167​
1666956​
5.63,3.51,3.58,2.47,1.14,2.92,4.54,3.06,2.13,2.13,3.15,6.72,6.81,5.18,3.53,5.08,9.86,5.93,7.18,2.63,5.68,7.02​
Xi'an Fu​
西安府​
Fu​
Xian Shi,Xianyang Shi,Changan Xian,Xianyang Xian,Hu Xian,Tongchuan Xian,Changwu Xian,Bin Xian,Yongshou Xian,Qian Xian,Wugong Xian,Zhouzhi Xian,Liquan Xian,Xunyi Xian,Chunhua Xian,Xingping Xian,Weinan Xian,Hua Xian,Dali Xian,Taiyang Xian,Chengcheng Xian,Pucheng Xian,Baishui Xian,Fuping Xian,Lantian Xian,Lintong Xian,Yao Xian,Gaoling Xian,Sanyuan Xian,Jingyang Xian,Chaoyi Xian,Hancheng Xian,Huayin Xian,Foping Xian,Ningshan Xian,Shang Xian,Luonan Xian,Danfeng Xian,Shangnan Xian,Shanyang Xian,Zhenan Xian,Zhashui Xian​
42​
787259,74532,689394,135872,188680,97785,78941,134099,75829,228313,186697,282959,189491,118896,78495,229090,333608,171972,147326,193204,144765,278516,101851,292422,349302,329759,98070,90189,147601,194673,181338,137257,137455,25496,44459,297757,252668,168181,118515,234674,217237,83093​
8347720​
9.43,0.89,8.25,1.62,2.26,1.17,0.94,1.60,0.90,2.73,2.23,3.38,2.26,1.42,0.94,2.74,3.99,2.06,1.76,2.31,1.73,3.33,1.22,3.50,4.18,3.95,1.17,1.08,1.76,2.33,2.17,1.64,1.64,0.30,0.53,3.56,3.02,2.01,1.41,2.81,2.60,0.99​
Fengxiang Fu​
凤翔府​
Fu​
Baoji Shi,Baoji Xian,Fengxiang Xian,Qishan Xian,Fufeng Xian,Mei Xian,Long Xian,Qianyang Xian,Linyou Xian,Taibai Qu​
10​
130079,329962,244548,211317,193041,124301,147892,65821,47351,24445​
1518757​
8.56,21.72,16.10,13.91,12.71,8.18,9.73,4.33,3.11,1.60​
Qingyang Fu​
庆阳府​
Fu​
Wuqi Xian,Dingbian Xian,Qingyang Xian,Huan Xian,Huachi Xian,Heshui Xian,Zhengning Xian,Ning Xian,Yanchi Xian​
9​
45861,101230,188792,118862,42606,58565,91699,205367,46708​
899690​
5.09,11.25,20.98,13.21,4.73,6.50,10.19,22.82,5.19​
Pingliang Fu​
平凉府​
Fu​
Pingliang Shi,Zhuanglang Xian,Pingliang Xian,Jingchuan Xian,Lingtai Xian,Chongxin Xian,Huating Xian,Jingning Xian,Longde Xian,Jingyuanxianhuizuzizhi Qu,Zhenyuan Xian,Guyuan Xian,Heyuan Xian,Xiji Xian​
14​
61592,205117,140994,172257,128359,52554,74200,227248,76142,31214,259827,246698,92288,139590​
1908080​
3.22,10.74,7.38,9.02,6.72,2.75,3.88,11.90,3.99,1.63,13.61,12.92,4.83,7.31​
Gongchang Fu​
巩昌府​
Fu​
Tianshui Shi,Tianshui Xian,Qingshui Xian,Qinan Xian,Gangu Xian,Wushan Xian,Zhangjiachuanhuizuzizhi Qu,Liangdang Xian,Hui Xian,Zhang Xian,Longxi Xian,Tongwei Xian,Dingxi Xian,Weiyuan Xian,Huichuan Xian,Huining Xian,Xigu Xian,Wudu Xian,Cheng Xian,Kang Xian,Wen Xian,Xihe Xian,Li Xian​
23​
63067,448869,160513,341168,281929,183923,132549,28254,171299,75862,197612,245975,207130,109429,100272,203631,86451,288810,139070,153016,127275,222565,278600​
4247269​
1.48,10.56,3.77,8.03,6.63,4.33,3.12,0.66,4.03,1.78,4.65,5.79,4.87,2.57,2.36,4.79,2.03,6.79,3.27,3.60,2.99,5.24,6.55​
Lintao Fu​
临洮府​
Fu​
Lanzhou Shi,Lintao Xian,Yuzhong Xian,Kangle Xian,Guangtong Xian​
5​
397393,240327,165756,89716,44175​
937367​
42.39,25.63,17.68,9.57,4.71​
Hezhou Fu​
河州卫​
Wei​
Linxia Shi,Linxia Xian,Yongjing Xian,Hezheng Xian,Dongxiangzuzizhi Qu​
5​
63317,250372,110062,71736,110920​
606407​
10.44,41.28,18.14,11.82,18.29​
Minzhou Wei​
岷州卫​
Wei​
Zhouqu,Min Xian​
2​
46451,360192​
406643​
11.42,88.57​
Taozhou Wei​
洮州卫​
Wei​
Lintan Xian,Zhuonizizhi Qu,Luqu,Xiahe Xian​
4​
78601,78541,14314,68135​
239591​
32.80,32.78,5.97,28.43​
Ningxia Wei​
宁夏卫​
Wei​
Yinchuan Shi,Wuzhong Shi,Helan Xian,Pingluo Xian,Huinong Xian,Taole Xian,Yongning Xian,Ningsu Xian,Zhongning Xian,Zhongwei Xian,Tongxin Xian,Jinji Xian,Lingwu Xian​
13​
83117,46093,71693,81883,71485,5402,68729,65448,95183,105648,69125,57744,61994​
883544​
9.40,5.21,8.11,9.26,8.09,0.61,7.77,7.40,10.77,11.95,7.82,6.53,7.01​
Suzhou Lu​
肃州路​
Lu​
Jiuquan Xian,Jinta Xian​
2​
175855,64326​
240181​
73.21,26.78​
Ganzhou Wei​
甘州卫​
Wei​
Gaotai Xian,Linze Xian,Sunanyuguzuzizhi Qu,Minle Xian,Zhangye Xian​
5​
104744,82329,6796,108164,250759​
552792​
18.94,14.89,1.22,19.56,45.36​
Shandan Wei​
山丹卫​
Wei​
Shandan Xian​
1​
71897​
71897​
100​
Xining Wei​
西宁卫​
Wei​
Xining Shi,Huangzhong Xian,Huangyuan Xian,Ledu Xian,Minhe Xian,Huzhuxiantuzuzizhi Qu,Hualongxianhuizuzizhi Qu​
7​
93743,295111,61540,128546,151622,159706,94543​
984811​
9.51,29.96,6.24,13.05,15.39,16.21,9.60​
Yongchang Wei​
永昌卫​
Wei​
Yongchang Xian​
1​
125578​
125578​
100​
Liangzhou Wei​
凉州卫​
Wei​
Wuwei Xian,Gulang Xian​
2​
550241,139238​
689479​
79.80,20.19​
Zhuanglang Wei​
庄浪卫​
Wei​
Gaolan Xian,Jingtai Xian,Yongdeng Xian,Tianzhuzangzuzizhi Qu,Jingyuan Xian​
5​
223217,64004,264787,58731,167078​
777817​
28.69,8.22,34.04,7.55,21.48​
Shazhou Lu​
沙州路​
Lu​
Yumenyoukuang Qu,Yumen Xian,Dunhuang Xian,Subeimengzuzizhi Qu,Akesaihazuzizhi Qu,Anxi Xian​
6​
12008,39808,45596,2364,1677,29438​
130891​
9.17,30.41,34.83,1.80,1.28,22.49​
Linhe Wei​
临河卫​
Wei​
Minqin Xian​
1​
220022​
220022​
100​
Lu Zhou​
泸州​
Zhilizhou​
Naxi Xian,Lu Xian,Hejiang Xian,Jiangan Xian,Luzhou Shi​
5​
285841,859638,503740,271035,289043​
2209297​
12.93,38.91,22.80,12.26,13.08​
Chengdu Lu​
成都府​
Lu​
Jintang Xian,Shuangliu Xian,Wenjiang Xian,Pi Xian,Xindu Xian,Xinjin Xian,Chongning Xian,Xinfan Xian,Huayang Xian,Guanghan Xian,Shifang Xian,Guan Xian,Peng Xian,Chongqing Xian,Mianyang Xian,An Xian,Beichuan Xian,Pingwu Xian,Zhangming Xian,Luojiang Xian,Deyang Xian,Mianzhu Xian,Qingchuan Xian,Neijiang Xian,Zizhong Xian,Renshou Xian,Jianyang Xian,Ziyang Xian,Jingyan Xian,Wenchuan Xian,Li Xian,Mao Xian,Heishui Xian,Chengdu Shi,Neijiang Shi​
35​
636808,175272,194193,225506,181284,172792,100020,129986,415511,323656,244262,341529,401234,429454,449858,253656,78170,110428,126212,178686,242711,322091,114297,544204,829554,1081543,1123799,682020,275842,26262,24028,42272,28000,856713,190222​
11552075​
5.51,1.51,1.68,1.95,1.56,1.49,0.86,1.12,3.59,2.80,2.11,2.95,3.47,3.71,3.89,2.19,0.67,0.95,1.09,1.54,2.10,2.78,0.98,4.71,7.18,9.36,9.72,5.90,2.38,0.22,0.20,0.36,0.24,7.41,1.64​
Tongchuan Zhou​
潼川州​
Zhou​
Suining Xian,Pengxi Xian,Shehong Xian,Tongnan Xian,Anyue Xian,Lezhi Xian,Zhongjiang Xian,Santai Xian,Yanting Xian​
9​
821589,815750,643902,478927,881244,645238,946205,1083834,452095​
6768784​
12.13,12.05,9.51,7.07,13.01,9.53,13.97,16.01,6.67​
Mei Zhou​
眉州​
Zhilizhou​
Qingshen Xian,Meishan Xian,Pengshan Xian,Danleng Xian​
4​
131307,440138,188572,95231​
855248​
15.35,51.46,22.04,11.13​
Xuzhou Fu​
叙州府​
Fu​
Fushun Xian,Yibin Xian,Nanxin Xian,Changning Xian,Gao Xian,Gong Xian,Junlian Xian,Xingwen Xian,Qingfu Xian,Zigong Shi,Yibin Shi​
11​
947420,706359,286078,228319,110064,155585,165111,80189,159260,291253,177464​
3307102​
28.64,21.35,8.65,6.90,3.32,4.70,4.99,2.42,4.81,8.80,5.36​
Yongning Xuanweisi​
永宁宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Xuyong Xian,Gulin Xian,Gusong Xian​
3​
271252,445070,155511​
871833​
31.11,51.04,17.83​
Chongqing Fu​
重庆府​
Fu​
Longchang Xian,Wusheng Xian,Chongqing Shi,Hechuan Shi,Fuling Xian,Qianjiang Xian,Changshou Xian,Fengdu Xian,Dianjiang Xian,Wulong Xian,Shizhu Xian,Xiushan Xian,Youyang Xian,Pengshui Xian,Nanchuan Xian,Jiangbei Xian,Ba Xian,Qijiang Xian,Tongliang Xian,Daxiong Xian,Rongchang Xian,Bishan Xian,Jiangjin Xian,Hechuan Xian,Yongchuan Xian,Zhong Xian​
26​
432041,436946,1772486,61754,798710,267786,543095,522805,507278,227149,322101,372688,460324,359380,390196,719134,879378,570617,512491,504523,431029,387979,971838,897572,501044,591622​
14441966​
2.99,3.02,12.27,0.42,5.53,1.85,3.76,3.62,3.51,1.57,2.23,2.58,3.18,2.48,2.70,4.97,6.08,3.95,3.54,3.49,2.98,2.68,6.72,6.21,3.46,4.09​
Kuizhou Fu​
夔州府​
Fu​
Jianshi Xian,Da Xian,Xuanhan Xian,Kaijiang Xian,Wanyuan Xian,Wanxian Shi,Wan Xian,Liangping Xian,Chengkou Xian,Kai Xian,Yunyang Xian,Fengjie Xian,Wushan Xian,Wuxi Xian​
14​
282505,827281,685656,316134,278726,99122,881020,515892,137275,893419,724860,515094,337529,283004​
6777517​
4.16,12.20,10.11,4.66,4.11,1.46,12.99,7.61,2.02,13.18,10.69,7.60,4.98,4.17​
Lizhou Anfusi​
黎州安抚司​
Anfusi​
HanYuan Xian​
1​
181787​
181787​
100​
Shunqing Fu​
顺庆府​
Fu​
Nanchong Xian,Yingshan Xian,Pongan Xian,Yilong Xian,Xichong Xian,Yuechi Xian,Guangan Xian,Dazhu Xian,Qu Xian,Linshui Xian,Nanchong Shi​
11​
847180,550916,403141,503712,427625,677339,792518,623487,841628,485881,164744​
6318171​
13.40,8.71,6.38,7.97,6.76,10.72,12.54,9.86,13.32,7.69,2.60​
Jiading Fu​
嘉定州​
Zhou​
Dayi Xian,Pujiang Xian,Qionglai Xian,Weiyuan Xian,Rong Xian,Leshan Xian,Jianwei Xian,Jiajiang Xian,Ebian Xian,Hongya Xian,Emei Xian,Wutongqiao Shi​
12​
311707,133752,416060,416279,635993,433069,325382,184787,97195,208655,164380,199091​
3526350​
8.83,3.79,11.79,11.80,18.03,12.28,9.22,5.24,2.75,5.91,4.66,5.64​
Ya Zhou​
雅州​
Zhou​
Mingshan Xian,Yaan Shi,Yaan Xian,Lushan Xian​
4​
141432,55195,119835,64015​
380477​
37.17,14.50,31.49,16.82​
Mahu Fu​
马湖府​
Fu​
Muchuan Xian,Mabian Xian,Pingshan Xian,Leipo Xian​
4​
154125,86589,158768,81551​
481033​
32.04,18.00,33.00,16.95​
Baoning Fu​
保宁府​
Fu​
Zitong Xian,Guangyuan Xian,Zhaohua Xian,Wangcang Xian,Jiange Xian,Jiangyou Xian,Nanbu Xian,Cangxi Xian,Langzhong Xian,Pingchang Xian,Bazhong Xian,Nanjiang Xian,Tongjiang Xian​
13​
225877,276450,156164,208508,350734,300079,789905,414670,532753,424813,666876,292645,382449​
5021923​
4.49,5.50,3.10,4.15,6.98,5.97,15.72,8.25,10.60,8.45,13.27,5.82,7.61​
Songpan Wei​
松潘卫​
Wei​
Songpan Xian,Nanping Xian,Ruoergai Xian​
3​
42290,25600,37616​
105506​
40.08,24.26,35.65​
Tianquanliufan Zhaotaosi​
天全六番招讨司​
Zhaotaosi​
Xingjing Xian,Tianquan Xian​
2​
93521,86495​
180016​
51.95,48.04​
Wumeng Fu​
乌蒙府​
Fu​
Zhaotong Xian,Ludian Xian,Yanjin Xian,Daguan Xian,Yongshan Xian,Suijiang Xian​
6​
255669,112120,108689,124920,180761,77266​
859425​
29.74,13.04,12.64,14.53,21.03,8.99​
Mangbu Fu​
芒部府​
Fu​
Zhenxiong Xian,Yiliang Xian,Weixin Xian​
3​
449214,211219,135482​
795915​
56.43,26.53,17.02​
Xundian Fu​
寻甸府​
Fu​
Xundian Xian​
1​
236450​
236450​
100​
Dongchuan Fu​
东川府​
Fu​
Dongchuan Kuangqu,Qiaojia Xian,Huize Xian,Ningnan Xian​
4​
41892,265628,460354,73482​
841356​
4.97,31.57,54.71,8.73​
Lin'an Fu​
临安府​
Fu​
Gejiu Shi,Malipo Shi,Hekou Shi,Tonghai Xian,Huaning Xian,Eshanxianyizuzizhi Qu,Hexi Xian,Kaiyuan Xian,Mengzi Xian,Pingbian Xian,Jianshui Xian,Shiping Xian,Yuanyang Xian,Jinping Xian,Quxi Xian,Longwu Xian,Wenshan Xian,Yanshan Xian,Xichou Xian,Maguan Xian​
20​
159652,196332,19379,81637,106474,68594,74872,128595,129674,71273,174118,117474,163566,107022,54227,41490,154071,137012,116834,155133​
2257429​
7.07,8.69,0.85,3.61,4.71,3.03,3.31,5.69,5.74,3.15,7.71,5.20,7.24,4.74,2.40,1.83,6.82,6.06,5.17,6.87​
Sichuan Xingdusi​
四川行都司​
Xingdusi​
Shimian Xian,Xichang Xian,Yanyuan Xian,Dechang Xian,Huili Xian,Huidong Xian,Mianning Xian,Yuexi Xian,Miyi Xian,Jinkuang Xian,Yanbian Xian,Puge Xian,Butuo Xian,Jinyang Xian,Zhaojue Xian,Xide Xian,Puxiong Xian,Meigu Xian​
18​
50817,211137,113613,83408,249215,175438,117178,100101,99602,40135,92758,92500,120560,105870,117203,75495,120000,124091​
2089121​
2.43,10.10,5.43,3.99,11.92,8.39,5.60,4.79,4.76,1.92,4.44,4.42,5.77,5.06,5.61,3.61,5.74,5.93​
Qujing Fu​
曲靖府​
Fu​
Qujing Xian,Malong Xian,Luliang Xian,Luoping Xian,Fuyuan Xian,Zhanyi Xian,Rongfeng Xian​
7​
153357,69585,247804,206857,222620,178131,482217​
1560571​
9.82,4.45,15.87,13.25,14.26,11.41,30.90​
Guangxi Fu​
广西府​
Fu​
Shizong Xian,Luxi Xian,Milexianyizuzizhi Qu,Qiubei Xian​
4​
108544,170260,205511,124007​
608322​
17.84,27.98,33.78,20.38​
Dengjiang Fu​
澂江府​
Fu​
Lunan Xian,Yuxi Xian,Chengjiang Xian,Jiangchuan Xian​
4​
137457,172721,81698,110057​
501933​
27.38,34.41,16.27,21.92​
Yunnan Fu​
云南府​
Fu​
Kunming Shi,Songming Xian,Yiliang Xian,Yimen Xian,Kunyang Xian,Puning Xian,Chenggong Xian,Lufeng Xian,Fumin Xian,Anning Xian,Luoci Xian​
11​
698899,164803,161412,77696,58701,54561,79647,62057,42338,73147,45470​
1518731​
46.01,10.85,10.62,5.11,3.86,3.59,5.24,4.08,2.78,4.81,2.99​
Guangnan Fu​
广南府​
Fu​
Guangnan Xian,Funing Xian​
2​
330300,114385​
444685​
74.27,25.72​
Heqing Fu​
鹤庆府​
Fu​
Yongsheng Xian,Huaping Xian,Ninglang Xian,Heqing Xian,Jianchuan Xian​
5​
156665,96355,31925,129820,79383​
494148​
31.70,19.49,6.46,26.27,16.06​
Lijiang Fu​
丽江府​
Fu​
Lijiang Xian,Lanping Xian,Weixi Xian,Deqinxianzangzuzizhi Qu,Fugong Xian,Gongshan Xian,Bijiang Xian​
7​
177652,97439,86997,15204,28432,16887,30101​
452712​
39.24,21.52,19.21,3.35,6.28,3.73,6.64​
Dali Fu​
大理府​
Fu​
Xiaguan Shi,Dali Xian,Yangbi Xian,Xiangyun Xian,Binchuan Xian,Midu Xian,Weishan Xian,Yunlong Xian,Eryuan Xian,Dengchuan Xian,Fengyi Xian​
11​
26799,115716,42666,215175,124931,125139,234627,105683,64739,59622,64810​
1179907​
2.27,9.80,3.61,18.23,10.58,10.60,19.88,8.95,5.48,5.05,5.49​
Yao'an Fu​
姚安府​
Fu​
Yaoan Xian,Dayao Xian,Yongren Xian,Yanfeng Xian​
4​
126269,114595,102685,48117​
391666​
32.23,29.25,26.21,12.28​
Wuding Fu​
武定府​
Fu​
Yuanmou Xian,Wuding Xian,Luquan Xian​
3​
54242,154726,196360​
405328​
13.38,38.17,48.44​
Weiyuan Fu​
威远府​
Fu​
Jinggu Xian,Zhenyuan Xian​
2​
124575,85395​
209970​
59.32,40.67​
Chuxiong Fu​
楚雄府​
Fu​
Chuxiong Xian,Shuangbai Xian,Muding Xian,Nanhua Xian,Yanxing Xian,Guangtong Xian​
6​
178314,84122,109462,122240,44060,44175​
582373​
30.61,14.44,18.79,20.98,7.56,7.58​
Yuanjiang Fu​
元江府​
Fu​
Yuanjiang Xian,Honghe Xian,Simao Xian,Puer Xian,Mojiang Xian,Jiangchengxianhanizuzizhi Qu​
6​
84764,152915,38588,96906,151797,29955​
554925​
15.27,27.55,6.95,17.46,27.35,5.39​
Malongtalangdian Si​
马龙他郎甸司​
Zhangguansi​
Xinping Xian​
1​
117877​
117877​
100​
Cheli Si​
车里宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Xishuangbannadaizuzizhi Qu​
1​
212015​
212015​
100​
Jingdong Fu​
景东府​
Fu​
Jingdong Xian​
1​
229100​
229100​
100​
Yongkang Zhou​
镇康州​
Zhou​
Zhenkang Xian​
1​
178689​
178689​
100​
Shunning Fu​
顺宁府​
Fu​
Fengqing Xian,Changning Xian​
2​
214507,137808​
352315​
60.88,39.11​
Luchuanpingmian Si​
麓川平缅司​
xuanweisi​
Yongping Xian,Baoshan Qu,Tengchong Xian,Longling Xian,Ruili Xian,Yingjiang Xian,Longchuan Xian,Lianshan Xian,Lushui Xian​
9​
74208,568972,339159,143159,35800,65789,61000,37258,34637​
1359982​
5.45,41.83,24.93,10.52,2.63,4.83,4.48,2.73,2.54​
Nandian Fu​
南甸府​
Fu​
Lianghe Xian​
1​
74100​
74100​
100​
Mengding Fu​
孟定府​
Fu​
Yun Xian,Lincang Xian,Shuangjiang Xian,Gengma Xian​
4​
172242,115566,59516,68194​
415518​
41.45,27.81,14.32,16.41​
Mangshi Fu​
茫施府​
Fu​
Luxi Xian​
1​
101200​
101200​
100​
Annan Wei​
安南卫​
Wei​
Zhenning Xian,Xingren Xian,Puan Xian,Qinglong Xian,Wangmo Xian,Kailing Xian​
6​
119658,160125,100254,100062,117039,148484​
745622​
16.04,21.47,13.44,13.41,15.69,19.91​
Puding Wei​
普定卫​
Wei​
Anshun Xian,Puding Xian,Ziyun Xian,Langdai Xian​
4​
293318,177233,124314,187473​
782338​
37.49,22.65,15.89,23.96​
Pu'an Fu​
普安府​
Fu​
Xingyi Xian,Anlong Xian,Pan Xian​
3​
261638,160416,363326​
785380​
33.31,20.42,46.26​
Weiqing Wei​
威清卫​
Wei​
Qingzhen Xian​
1​
155998​
155998​
100​
Pingba Wei​
平坝卫​
Wei​
Pingba Xian​
1​
121763​
121763​
100​
Sizhou Xuanweisi​
思州宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Fenggang Xian,Yuping Xian,Shiqian Xian,Cengong Xian,Jinping Xian,Rongjiang Xian,Liping Xian,Congjiang Xian​
8​
205259,80415,179350,89418,94560,128020,220902,152531​
1150455​
17.84,6.98,15.58,7.77,8.21,11.12,19.20,13.25​
Manyi​
蛮夷​
Manyi​
Jianhe Xian,Taijiangxianmiaozuzizhi Qu,Leishan Xian,Rongjiang Xian,Congjiang Xian,Danzhaixianmiaozuzizhi Qu​
6​
88143,67409,50314,128020,152531,82056​
568473​
15.50,11.85,8.85,11.12,13.25,14.43​
Duyun Wei​
都匀卫​
Wei​
Lushanxianmiaozuzizhi Qu,Duyun Xian,Dushan Xian,Pingtang Xian,Sandu Xian,Majiang Xian​
6​
130802,157006,169806,128761,88589,111670​
786634​
16.62,19.95,21.58,16.36,11.26,14.19​
Pingyue Wei​
平越卫​
Wei​
Fuquan Xian​
1​
115755​
115755​
100​
Wusa Fu​
乌撒府​
Fu​
Weining Xian,Hezhang Xian​
2​
356686,229710​
586396​
60.82,39.17​
Xinglong Wei​
兴隆卫​
Wei​
Huangping Xian​
1​
160035​
160035​
100​
Xintian Wei​
新添卫​
Wei​
Guiding Xian​
1​
136816​
136816​
100​
Longli Wei​
龙里卫​
Wei​
Longli Xian​
1​
93114​
93114​
100​
Buozhou Xuanweisi​
播州宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Zunyi Shi,Zunyi Xian,Tongzi Xian,Suiyang Xian,Zhengan Xian,Daozhen Xian,Meitan Xian,Xishui Xian,Chishui Xian,Renhuai Xian,Yuqing Xian,Wengan Xian​
12​
97522,664522,333562,220455,277380,169593,223085,222535,197208,307411,134304,160765​
3008342​
3.24,22.08,11.08,7.32,9.22,5.63,7.41,7.39,6.55,10.21,4.46,5.34​
Bijie Wei​
毕节卫​
Wei​
Bijie Xian​
1​
460555​
460555​
100​
Shunyuan Xuanweisi​
顺元宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Guiyang Shi,Guizhu Xian,Dading Xian,Qianxi Xian,Jinsha Xian,Zhijin Xian,Nayong Xian,Shuicheng Xian,Kaiyang Xian,Xifeng Xian,Xiuwen Xian,Changshun Xian,Luodian Xian,Huishuixianbuyizumiaozuzizhi Qu​
14​
270905,251650,364667,314392,289462,327810,270389,324498,161264,109818,110972,97563,137243,177215​
3207848​
8.44,7.84,11.36,9.80,9.02,10.21,8.42,10.11,5.02,3.42,3.45,3.04,4.27,5.52​
Sinan Xuanweisi​
思南宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Wuchuan Xian,Tongren Xian,Jiangkou Xian,Sinan Xian,Yinjiang Xian,Dejiang Xian,Yanhe Xian,Songtao Xian,Shibing Xian,Sansui Xian,Zhenyuan Xian​
11​
193306,158087,95689,329961,208297,185730,233778,270485,62502,87154,100700​
1925689​
10.03,8.20,4.96,17.13,10.81,9.64,12.13,14.04,3.24,4.52,5.22​
Nanning Fu​
南宁府​
Fu​
Nanning Shi,Yongning Xian,Heng Xian,Wuming Xian​
4​
194641,495205,454724,297213​
1441783​
13.50,34.34,31.53,20.61​
Pingle Fu​
平乐府​
Fu​
He Xian,Zhaoping Xian,Fuzhong Xian,Pingle Xian,Gongcheng Xian​
5​
401646,180515,339475,207488,150243​
1279367​
31.39,14.10,26.53,16.21,11.74​
Wuzhou Fu​
梧州府​
Fu​
Huaiji Xian,Wuzhou Shi,Yulin Xian,Rong Xian,Luchuan Xian,Bobai Xian,Teng Xian,Cangwu Xian,Cenxi Xian,Beiliu Xian​
10​
327308,110840,601195,336429,308703,473640,399608,328528,320726,450797​
3657774​
8.94,3.03,16.43,9.19,8.43,12.94,10.92,8.98,8.76,12.32​
Guilin Fu​
桂林府​
Fu​
Guilin Shi,Yangshuo Xian,Lingui Xian,Lingchuan Xian,Xingan Xian,Yongfu Xian,Longshengxiangezulianhezizhi Qu,Mengshan Xian,Lipu Xian,Dayaoshanyaozuzizhi Qu​
10​
145088,142382,258576,174404,200880,145990,95004,101587,224684,27510​
1516105​
9.56,9.39,17.05,11.50,13.24,9.62,6.26,6.70,14.81,1.81​
Xunzhou Fu​
浔州府​
Fu​
Gui Xian,Guiping Xian,Pingnan Xian​
3​
617926,634478,484695​
1737099​
35.57,36.52,27.90​
Liuzhou Fu​
柳州府​
Fu​
Liuzhou Shi,Luzhai Xian,Binyang Xian,Shanglin Xian,Luocheng Xian,Rongan Xian,Liucheng Xian,Liujiang Xian,Shilong Xian,Laibin Xian,Damiaoshanmiaozuzizhi Qu,Sanjiangxiandongzuzizhi Qu​
12​
158751,186026,396411,201220,180413,141597,182987,217545,333793,360591,209894,179935​
2749163​
5.77,6.76,14.41,7.31,6.56,5.15,6.65,7.91,12.14,13.11,7.63,6.54​
Qingyuan Fu​
庆远府​
Fu​
Mashan Xian,Duan Xian,Fengshan Xian,Donglan Xian,Hechi Xian,Yishan Xian,Huanjiang Xian,Nandan Xian,Tiane Xian,Xincheng Xian,Libo Xian​
11​
253162,332376,118889,199143,152781,312236,154527,99046,75853,207517,125346​
2030876​
12.46,16.36,5.85,9.80,7.52,15.37,7.60,4.87,3.73,10.21,6.17​
Siming Fu​
思明府​
Fu​
Fusui Xian,Chongzuo Xian,Ningming Xian,Shangsi Xian​
4​
190098,116416,177500,92227​
576241​
32.98,20.20,30.80,16.00​
Tianzhou Fu​
田州府​
Fu​
Longan Xian,Zhendu Xian,Tiandong Xian,Pingguo Xian,Debao Xian​
5​
158890,195928,205638,243913,246538​
1050907​
15.11,18.64,19.56,23.20,23.45​
Fengyi Zhou​
奉议州​
Zhou​
Tianyang Xian​
1​
175786​
175786​
100​
Dukang Zhou​
都康州​
Zhou​
Zhendu Xian​
1​
195928​
195928​
18.64​
Zhen'an Fu​
镇安府​
Fu​
Bose Xian,Jingxi Xian,Mubian Xian​
3​
115414,280938,104640​
500992​
23.03,56.07,20.88​
Sicheng Zhou​
泗城州​
Zhou​
Lingle Xian,Tianlin Xian,Longlinxiangezulianhezizhi Qu,Zhenfeng Xian,Ceheng Xian​
5​
132901,97305,193246,137160,81094​
641706​
20.71,15.16,30.11,21.37,12.63​
Long Zhou​
龙州​
Zhou​
Longjing Xian​
1​
135754​
135754​
100​
Taiping Fu​
太平府​
Fu​
Daxin Xian​
1​
198619​
198619​
100​
Huzhou Fu​
湖州府​
Fu​
Huzhou Shi,Xiaofeng Xian,Wukang Xian,Anji Xian,Deqing Xian,Wuxing Xian,Changxing Xian​
7​
62791,108360,63082,104686,155526,627953,269536​
1391934​
4.51,7.78,4.53,7.52,11.17,45.11,19.36​
Jiaxing Fu​
嘉兴府​
Fu​
Jiaxing Shi,Jiaxing Xian,Jiashan Xian,Haiyan Xian,Tongxiang Xian,Pinghu Xian,Chongde Xian​
7​
78309,392108,241876,202546,159255,261465,214464​
1550023​
5.05,25.29,15.60,13.06,10.27,16.86,13.83​
Changzhou Fu​
常州府​
Fu​
Wuxi Shi,Changzhou Shi,Wuxi Xian,Jiangyin Xian,Yixing Xian,Jingjiang Xian,Wujin Xian​
7​
581466,296509,710023,837733,665590,403298,928771​
4423390​
13.14,6.70,16.05,18.93,15.04,9.11,20.99​
Suzhou Fu​
苏州府​
Fu​
Taihu,Suzhou Shi,Changshu Shi,Zhenze Xian,Changshu Xian,Kunshan Xian,Wujiang Xian,Taicang Xian,Wu Xian,Chongming Xian,Baoshan Xian,Jiadin Xian​
12​
0,474011,101389,125507,934228,357696,497154,319825,641833,448353,135736,289618​
4325350​
0,10.95,2.34,2.90,21.59,8.26,11.49,7.39,14.83,10.36,3.13,6.69​
Songjiang Fu​
松江府​
Fu​
Shanghai Shi,Chuansha Xian,Jinshan Xian,Songjiang Xian,Qingpu Xian,Shanghai Xian,Nanhui Xian,Fengxian Xian​
8​
6204417,263016,189049,396956,287019,187385,386136,276341​
8190319​
75.75,3.21,2.30,4.84,3.50,2.28,4.71,3.37​
Yingtian Fu​
应天府​
Fu​
Nanjing Shi,Jiangpu Xian,Liuhe Xian,Liyang Xian,Gaochun Xian,Lishui Xian,Jiangning Xian,Jurong Xian​
8​
1091575,146626,436383,403486,276994,222478,535717,335547​
3448806​
31.65,4.25,12.65,11.69,8.03,6.45,15.53,9.72​
Zhenjiang Fu​
镇江府​
Fu​
Zhenjiang Shi,Dantu Xian,Jintan Xian,Danyang Xian,Yangzhong Xian​
5​
201354,335802,304248,512743,182525​
1536672​
13.10,21.85,19.79,33.36,11.87​
Shaowu Fu​
邵武府​
Fu​
Taining Xian,Jianning Xian,Guangze Xian,Shaowu Xian​
4​
49626,57367,62851,102152​
271996​
18.24,21.09,23.10,37.55​
Quanzhou Fu​
泉州府​
Fu​
Huian Xian,Anxi Xian,Yongchun Xian,Dehua Xian,Tongan Xian,Jinjiang Xian,Nanan Xian,Jinmen Xian,Xiamen Shi,Quanzhou Shi​
10​
494167,342701,209747,106343,264082,672633,598987,47469,224307,107727​
3068163​
16.10,11.16,6.83,3.46,8.60,21.92,19.52,1.54,7.31,3.51​
Jianning Fu​
建宁府​
Fu​
Shunchang Xian,Shouning Xian,Pucheng Xian,Songxi Xian,Zhenghe Xian,Chongan Xian,Jianou Xian,Jianyang Xian​
8​
62293,115805,193429,56026,77550,77657,222384,86050​
891194​
6.98,12.99,21.70,6.28,8.70,8.71,24.95,9.65​
Xinghua Fu​
兴化府​
Fu​
Xianyou Xian,Putian Xian​
2​
362961,796158​
1159119​
31.31,68.68​
Fuzhou Fu​
福州府​
Fu​
Minhou Xian,Lianjiang Xian,Luoyuan Xian,Minqing Xian,Yongtai Xian,Pingtan Xian,Fuqing Xian,Changle Xian,Gutian Xian,Pingnan Xian,Ningde Xian,Xiapu Xian,Zhouning Xian,Zherong Xian,Fuan Xian,Fuding Xian,Fuzhou Shi​
17​
494351,259587,111891,126592,152119,124177,418799,269015,184647,73926,174695,218299,63630,42569,260533,235869,552993​
3763692​
13.13,6.89,2.97,3.36,4.04,3.29,11.12,7.14,4.90,1.96,4.64,5.80,1.69,1.13,6.92,6.26,14.69​
Tingzhou Fu​
汀州府​
Fu​
Mingxi Xian,Qingliu Xian,Ninghua Xian,Changting Xian,Yongding Xian,Shanghang Xian,Wuping Xian,Liancheng Xian​
8​
38745,64327,147802,238304,182733,207596,162056,131184​
1172747​
3.30,5.48,12.60,20.32,15.58,17.70,13.81,11.18​
Yanping Fu​
延平府​
Fu​
Sanyuan Xian,Datian Xian,Yongan Xian,Nanping Xian,Youxi Xian,Sha Xian,Jiangle Xian​
7​
38205,124615,91023,169845,161826,100756,68107​
754377​
5.06,16.51,12.06,22.51,21.45,13.35,9.02​
Zhangzhou Fu​
漳州府​
Fu​
Longxi Xian,Yunxiao Xian,Zhangpu Xian,Zhaoan Xian,Changtai Xian,Dongshan Xian,Nanjing Xian,Pinghe Xian,Huaan Xian,Haicheng Xian,Longyan Xian,Zhangping Xian,Zhangzhou Shi​
13​
264893,144616,271505,224985,68115,91931,145326,231347,63959,149306,156292,84693,81218​
1978186​
13.39,7.31,13.72,11.37,3.44,4.64,7.34,11.69,3.23,7.54,7.90,4.28,4.10​
Quzhou Fu​
衢州府​
Fu​
Qu Xian,Changshan Xian,Kaihua Xian,Longyou Xian,Jiangshan Xian​
5​
380375,140262,138144,209423,290166​
1158370​
32.83,12.10,11.92,18.07,25.04​
Chuzhou Fu​
处州府​
Fu​
Jingning Xian,Qingyuan Xian,Longquan Xian,Yunhe Xian,Lishui Xian,Qingtian Xian,Jinyun Xian,Yiping Xian,Songyang Xian,Suichang Xian​
10​
93384,99561,139412,67199,137708,237009,237892,82356,120640,123365​
1338526​
6.97,7.43,10.41,5.02,10.28,17.70,17.77,6.15,9.01,9.21​
Yanzhou Fu​
严州府​
Fu​
Shouchang Xian,Suian Xian,Chunan Xian,Jiande Xian,Tonglu Xian,Fenshui Xian​
6​
106922,136627,274851,157278,130238,67032​
872948​
12.24,15.65,31.48,18.01,14.91,7.67​
Jinhua Fu​
金华府​
Fu​
Jinhua Shi,Jinhua Xian,Wuyi Xian,Pujiang Xian,Panan Xian,Tangxi Xian,Lanxi Xian,Yiwu Xian,Dongyang Xian,Yongkang Xian​
10​
46249,260885,107117,261783,93522,116480,335551,359893,491305,294142​
2366927​
1.95,11.02,4.52,11.06,3.95,4.92,14.17,15.20,20.75,12.42​
Shaoxing Fu​
绍兴府​
Fu​
Shaoxing Shi,Xinchang Xian,Sheng Xian,Shangyu Xian,Shaoxing Xian,Yuyiao Xian,Cihuo Xian,Zhuji Xian​
8​
130592,258703,420143,334553,797177,687537,274375,583235​
3486315​
3.74,7.42,12.05,9.59,22.86,19.72,7.87,16.72​
Taizhou Fu​
台州府​
Fu​
Ninghai Xian,Huangyan Xian,Sanmen Xian,Tiantai Xian,Xianju Xian,Haimen Xian,Wenling Xian,Linhai Xian​
8​
277652,600975,155306,273974,214625,738139,549737,534320​
3344728​
8.30,17.96,4.64,8.19,6.41,22.06,16.43,15.97​
Wenzhou Fu​
温州府​
Fu​
Wenzhou Shi,Dongtou Xian,Yongjia Xian,Pingyang Xian,Wencheng Xian,Taishun Xian,Yuhuan Xian,Ruan Xian,Leqing Xian​
9​
201596,51829,692942,853829,185864,168645,166386,488100,463652​
3272843​
6.15,1.58,21.17,26.08,5.67,5.15,5.08,14.91,14.16​
Ningpo Fu​
宁波府​
Fu​
Ningpo Shi,Zhenhai Xian,Yin Xian,Fenhua Xian,Dinghai Xian,Putuo Xian,Daishan Xian,Shengsi Xian,Xiangshan Xian​
9​
237491,310066,463815,262571,188973,155436,116717,41466,254353​
2030888​
11.69,15.26,22.83,12.92,9.30,7.65,5.74,2.04,12.52​
Hangzhou Fu​
杭州府​
Fu​
Hangzhou Shi,Xindeng Xian,Hang Xian,Fuyang Xian,Linan Xian,Yuqian Xian,Yuhang Xian,Changhua Xian,Haining Xian​
9​
696608,74562,393957,217683,104664,73236,128828,82205,356232​
2127975​
32.73,3.50,18.51,10.22,4.91,3.44,6.05,3.86,16.74​
Guangde Zhou​
广德州​
Zhilizhou​
Langxi Xian,Guangde Xian​
2​
161651,243219​
404870​
39.92,60.07​
Taiping Fu​
太平府​
Fu​
Wuhu Shi,Wuhu Xian,Fanchang Xian,Dangtu Xian​
4​
242143,216436,234911,465350​
1158840​
20.89,18.67,20.27,40.15​
Huizhou Fu​
徽州府​
Fu​
Tunxi Shi,She Xian,Xiuning Xian,Yi Xian,Qimen Xian,Jixi Xian,Wuyuan Xian​
7​
53734,354290,162255,53751,80810,85928,158659​
949427​
5.65,37.31,17.08,5.66,8.51,9.05,16.71​
Ningguo Fu​
宁国府​
Fu​
Nanling Xian,Xuancheng Xian,Jing Xian,Taiping Xian,Jingde Xian,Ningguo Xian​
6​
290127,587877,213010,61890,62939,203935​
1419778​
20.43,41.40,15.00,4.35,4.43,14.36​
Chizhou Fu​
池州府​
Fu​
Tongling Xian,Qingyang Xian,Guichi Xian,Zhide Xian,Dongliu Xian,Shidai Xian​
6​
205185,143736,329601,120840,132707,39829​
971898​
21.11,14.78,33.91,12.43,13.65,4.09​
Nanan Fu​
南安府​
Fu​
Dageng Xian,Shangyou Xian,Chongyi Xian,Nankang Xian​
4​
116350,133682,93395,356450​
699877​
16.62,19.10,13.34,50.93​
Linjiang Fu​
临江府​
Fu​
Xiajiang Xian,Xingan Xian,Xinyu Xian,Qingjiang Xian​
4​
55321,111233,249525,242612​
658691​
8.39,16.88,37.88,36.83​
Yuanzhou Fu​
袁州府​
Fu​
Yichun Xian,Wanzai Xian,Fenyi Xian,Pingxiang Xian​
4​
377940,218408,118521,612308​
1327177​
28.47,16.45,8.93,46.13​
Ji’an Fu​
吉安府​
Fu​
Jian Shi,Jian Xian,Jishui Xian,Yongfeng Xian,Taihe Xian,Suichuan Xian,Wanan Xian,Anfu Xian,Yongxin Xian,Lianhua Xian,Ninggang Xian​
11​
52864,306808,211195,176113,213385,264616,121059,151076,222431,105781,35035​
1860363​
2.84,16.49,11.35,9.46,11.47,14.22,6.50,8.12,11.95,5.68,1.88​
Fuzhou Fu​
抚州府​
Fu​
Linchuan Xian,Chongren Xian,Lean Xian,Yihuang Xian,Jinxi Xian,Dongxiang Xian​
6​
481571,132406,125818,87290,97560,152715​
1077360​
44.69,12.28,11.67,8.10,9.05,14.17​
Jianchang Fu​
建昌府​
Fu​
Nancheng Xian,Lichuan Xian,Nanfeng Xian,Guangchang Xian​
4​
124105,101514,103812,94844​
424275​
29.25,23.92,24.46,22.35​
Nanchang Fu​
南昌府​
Fu​
Nanchang Shi,Wuning Xian,Xiushui Xian,Fengxin Xian,Jingan Xian,Tonggu Xian,Fengcheng Xian,Nanchang Xian,Jinxian Xian,Xinjian Xian​
10​
398233,153726,375366,124214,60293,56775,514342,489876,244857,264088​
2681770​
14.84,5.73,13.99,4.63,2.24,2.11,19.17,18.26,9.13,9.84​
Raozhou Fu​
饶州府​
Fu​
Jingdezheng Shi,Yugan Xian,Boyang Xian,Wannian Xian,Yujiang Xian,Leping Xian,Fuliang Xian,Dexing Xian​
8​
92134,332552,558333,150612,150709,302814,112290,76041​
1775485​
5.18,18.73,31.44,8.48,8.48,17.05,6.32,4.28​
Guangxin Fu​
广信府​
Fu​
Shanrao Shi,Zixi Xian,Shangrao Xian,Guangfeng Xian,Yushan Xian,Qianshan Xian,Hengfeng Xian,Yiyang Xian,Guixi Xian​
9​
62004,28438,326695,314892,239614,163757,69467,121713,238890​
1565470​
3.96,1.81,20.86,20.11,15.30,10.46,4.43,7.77,15.25​
Ruizhou Fu​
瑞州府​
Fu​
Shanggao Xian,Yifeng Xian,Gaoan Xian​
3​
133881,114825,329614​
578320​
23.14,19.85,56.99​
Nankang Fu​
南康府​
Fu​
Lushantebie Qu,Yongxiu Xian,Xingzi Xian,Duchang Xian,Yian Xian​
5​
5977,115642,103519,300038,101936​
627112​
0.95,18.44,16.50,47.84,16.25​
Jiujiang Fu​
九江府​
Fu​
Jiujiang Shi,Jiujiang Xian,Dean Xian,Hukou Xian,Pengze Xian,Ruichang Xian​
6​
64628,200968,50296,122513,111178,156846​
706429​
9.14,28.44,7.11,17.34,15.73,22.20​
Ganzhou Fu​
赣州府​
Fu​
Ganzhou Shi,Gan Xian,Xinfeng Xian,Anyuan Xian,Longnan Xian,Dingnan Xian,Quannan Xian,Ningdu Xian,Yudu Xian,Xingguo Xian,Huichang Xian,Xunwu Xian,Shicheng Xian,Ruijin Xian​
14​
98625,341714,261375,128342,124633,85751,76666,282652,340416,256161,195938,106002,111927,221674​
2631876​
3.74,12.98,9.93,4.87,4.73,3.25,2.91,10.73,12.93,9.73,7.44,4.02,4.25,8.42​
Changsha Fu​
长沙府​
Fu​
Changsha Shi,Xiangtan Shi,Yiyang Shi,Zhuzhou Shi,Xiangtan Xian,Ninxiang Xian,Wangcheng Xian,Changsha Xian,Xiangyin Xian,Liuyang Xian,Liling Xian,You Xian,Chaling Xian,Lianyuan Xian,Shuangfeng Xian,Xiangxiang Xian,Yiyang Xian,Taojiang Xian,Anhua Xian​
19​
650619,183587,87008,127319,1067147,830058,471290,638365,865395,785723,661873,389550,257316,647310,549134,582206,521892,446785,507322​
10269899​
6.33,1.78,0.84,1.23,10.39,8.08,4.58,6.21,8.42,7.65,6.44,3.79,2.50,6.30,5.34,5.66,5.08,4.35,4.93​
Yuezhou Fu​
岳州府​
Fu​
Yueyang Xian,Linxiang Xian,Pingjiang Xian,Huarong Xian,Nan Xian​
5​
507801,263515,559671,400230,364166​
2095383​
24.23,12.57,26.70,19.10,17.37​
Changde Fu​
常德府​
Fu​
Changde Shi,Jinshi Shi,Changde Xian,Anxiang Xian,Hanshou Xian,Li Xian,Linli Xian,Taoyuan Xian,Shimen Xian,Yuanjiang Xian,Cili Xian,Sangzhi Xian,Dayong Xian​
13​
94801,49246,633176,278592,466733,681187,262781,640560,400210,392935,453414,182476,211797​
4747908​
1.99,1.03,13.33,5.86,9.83,14.34,5.53,13.49,8.42,8.27,9.54,3.84,4.46​
Hengzhou Fu​
衡州府​
Fu​
Hengyang Shi,Hengyang Xian,Hengnan Xian,Hengshan Xian,Anren Xian,Ling Xian,Guiyang Xian,Linwu Xian,Lanshan Xian,Jiahe Xian,Leiyang Xian,Changning Xian​
12​
235045,679374,543240,565189,171526,93148,347956,140432,154900,151939,532223,421041​
4036013​
5.82,16.83,13.45,14.00,4.24,2.30,8.62,3.47,3.83,3.76,13.18,10.43​
Chen Zhou​
郴州​
Zhilizhou​
Guidong Xian,Rucheng Xian,Zixing Xian,Yongxing Xian,Chen Xian,Yizhang Xian​
6​
83218,175929,156446,294352,224192,232468​
1166605​
7.13,15.08,13.41,25.23,19.21,19.92​
Yongzhou Fu​
永州府​
Fu​
Qidong Xian,Jianghua Xian,Yongming Xian,Dao Xian,Ningyuan Xian,Xintian Xian,Qiyang Xian,Lingling Xian,Dongan Xian,Quan Xian,Guanyang Xian​
11​
533956,214584,112224,360851,417076,170658,511900,518295,272715,396858,136112​
3645229​
14.64,5.88,3.07,9.89,11.44,4.68,14.04,14.21,7.48,10.88,3.73​
Baoqing Fu​
宝庆府​
Fu​
Shaoyang Shi,Shaodong Xian,Xinshao Xian,Shaoyang Xian,Longhui Xian,Dongkou Xian,Xinning Xian,Chengbu Xian,Xinhua Xian,Wugang Xian​
10​
117743,694980,400620,490200,499743,362410,253459,100747,792716,368939​
4081557​
2.88,17.02,9.81,12.01,12.24,8.87,6.20,2.46,19.42,9.03​
Chenzhou Fu​
辰州府​
Fu​
Huaihua Xian,Qianyang Xian,Yuanling Xian,Chenxi Xian,Xupu Xian,Mayang Xian,Huang Xian,Zhijiang Xian,Jishou Xian,Luxi Xian,Guzhang Xian​
11​
184731,225253,369400,230336,410462,169624,134104,190103,103806,132688,70548​
2221055​
8.31,10.14,16.63,10.37,18.48,7.63,6.03,8.55,4.67,5.97,3.17​
Jing Zhou​
靖州​
Zhilizhou​
Hongjiang Shi,Huitong Xian,Jing Xian,Tongdaodongzuzizhi Qu,Suining Xian,Tianzhu Xian​
6​
47328,166878,93280,83029,150086,178048​
718649​
6.58,23.22,12.97,11.55,20.88,24.77​
Yongshun Junminxuanweisi​
永顺军民宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Yongshun Xian,Longshan Xian​
2​
237142,247972​
485114​
48.88,51.11​
Baojingzhou Junminxuanweisi​
保靖州军民宣慰司​
Xuanweisi​
Fenghuang Xian,Huayuan Xian,Baojing Xian​
3​
179155,139316,152089​
470560​
38.07,29.60,32.32​
Gaozhou Fu​
高州府​
Fu​
Wuchuan Xian,Lianjiang Xian,Hua Xian,Maoming Xian,Xinyi Xian,Dianbai Xian​
6​
402376,562020,464374,842088,551951,536568​
3359377​
11.97,16.72,13.82,25.06,16.43,15.97​
Lianzhou Fu​
廉州府​
Fu​
Beihai Shi,Qin Xian,Lingshan Xian,Pubei Xian,Hepu Xian,Fangcheng Xian​
6​
78884,459225,458327,322825,462643,224684​
2006588​
3.93,22.88,22.84,16.08,23.05,11.19​
Leizhou Fu​
雷州府​
Fu​
Zhanjiang Shi,Suixi Xian,Diandong Xian,Haikang Xian,Xuwen Xian​
5​
165950,418693,107349,427952,201976​
1321920​
12.55,31.67,8.12,32.37,15.27​
Zhaoqing Fu​
肇庆府​
Fu​
Gaoming Xian,Gaoyao Xian,Xinxing Xian,Yunfu Xian,Luoding Xian,Yunan Xian,Deqing Xian,Fengchuang Xian,Kaijian Xian,Guangning Xian,Sihui Xian,Yangchun Xian,Enping Xian,Yangjiang Xian​
14​
125761,491454,231970,280269,384368,262570,181634,123884,83717,295605,160183,397036,248703,595907​
3863061​
3.25,12.72,6.00,7.25,9.94,6.79,4.70,3.20,2.16,7.65,4.14,10.27,6.43,15.42​
Shaozhou Fu​
韶州府​
Fu​
Shaoguan Shi,Qujiang Xian,Lechang Xian,Renhua Xian,Wongyuan Xian,Xinfeng Xian,Yingde Xian,Ruyuan Xian​
8​
81746,200243,168571,54083,164282,126672,432705,63117​
1291419​
6.32,15.50,13.05,4.18,12.72,9.80,33.50,4.88​
Nanxiong Fu​
南雄府​
Fu​
Nanxiong Xian,Shixing Xian​
2​
231778,101941​
333719​
69.45,30.54​
Guangzhou Fu​
广州府​
Fu​
Zhuhai Xian,Guangzhou Shi,Foshan Shi,Jiangmen Shi,Shiqi Shi,Heshan Xian,Sanshui Xian,Nanhai Xian,Shunde Xian,Panyu Xian,Zhongshan Xian,Baoan Xian,Dongguan Xian,Zengcheng Xian,Longmen Xian,Fogang Xian,Conghua Xian,Hua Xian,Qingyuan Xian,Yangshan Xian,Lian Xian,Lianshan Xian,Liannanyaozuzizhi Qu,Kaiping Xian,Taishan Xian,Hongkong(No data),Macau(No data),Xinhui Xian​
28​
126146,1598882,122542,93161,93708,202202,179302,572041,462159,583042,776351,190012,758677,301414,132556,110406,163431,239281,583789,249839,226763,43592,55709,395932,695567,0,0,550661​
9507165​
1.32,16.81,1.28,0.97,0.98,2.12,1.88,6.01,4.86,6.13,8.16,1.99,7.98,3.17,1.39,1.16,1.71,2.51,6.14,2.62,2.38,0.45,0.58,4.16,7.31,0,0,5.79​
Huizhou Fu​
惠州府​
Fu​
Boluo Xian,Heping Xian,Lianping Xian,Huilai Xian,Lufeng Xian,Haifeng Xian,Huiyang Xian,Wuhua Xian,Zijin Xian,Heyuan Xian,Longchuan Xian,Xingning Xian​
12​
298250,199382,145294,345579,537546,433915,734688,431376,282815,295542,361371,525041​
4590799​
6.49,4.34,3.16,7.52,11.70,9.45,16.00,9.39,6.16,6.43,7.87,11.43​
Chaozhou Fu​
潮州府​
Fu​
Shantou Shi,Chaozhou Shi,Chaoan Xian,Raoping Xian,Nanao Xian,Chenghai Xian,Jieyang Xian,Chaoyang Xian,Puning Xian,Pingyuan Xian,Jiaoling Xian,Mei Xian,Dapu Xian,Fengshun Xian​
14​
280414,101353,556164,403393,28505,440154,1005723,946900,597364,110344,106280,436436,244906,245436​
5503372​
5.09,1.84,10.10,7.32,0.51,7.99,18.27,17.20,10.85,2.00,1.93,7.93,4.45,4.45​
Qiongzhou Fu​
琼州府​
Fu​
Haikou Shi,Qiongdong Xian,Dan Xian,Qiongshan Xian,Wenchang Xian,Wanning Xian,Dingan Xian,Tunchang Xian,Chengmai Xian,Lingao Xian,Lehui Xian,Changgan Xian,Ya Xian,Dongfang Xian,Baisha Xian,Ledong Xian,Lingshui Xian,Baoting Xian,Qiongzhong Xian​
19​
135337,99842,206248,310221,346264,153844,159868,89719,203166,180364,99213,119916,179343,55065,46732,73056,106218,72238,35265​
2671919​
5.06,3.73,7.71,11.61,12.95,5.75,5.98,3.35,7.60,6.75,3.71,4.48,6.71,2.06,1.74,2.73,3.97,2.70,1.31​
Yangzhou Fu​
扬州府​
Fu​
Nangtong Shi,Yangzhou Shi,Taizhou Shi,Haian Xian,Rudong Xian,Rugao Xian,Nantong Xian,Haimen Xian,Dongtai Xian,Dafeng Xian,Baoying Xian,Xinghua Xian,Tai Xian,Taixing Xian,Yizheng Xian,Gaoyou Xian,Jiangdu Xian​
17​
260412,180213,159854,634718,892240,970739,978193,738139,701746,325808,698092,894890,774763,990901,324887,629834,1202837​
11358266​
2.29,1.58,1.40,5.58,7.85,8.54,8.61,6.49,6.17,2.86,6.14,7.87,6.82,8.72,2.86,5.54,10.58​
Huaian Fu​
淮安府​
Fu​
Qingjiang Shi,Xinhailian Shi,Suining Xian,Ganyu Xian,Donghai Xian,Xinyi Xian,Pi Xian,Huaiyin Xian,Lianshui Xian,Siyang Xian,Suqian Xian,Muyang Xian,Guanyun Xian,Yancheng Xian,Binhai Xian,Funing Xian,Sheyang Xian,Jianhu Xian,Huaian Xian​
19​
77129,207561,653854,484229,476398,452203,683113,602432,577618,534756,585827,645912,566020,522968,753036,414695,630198,525096,758094​
10151139​
0.75,2.04,6.44,4.77,4.69,4.45,6.72,5.93,5.69,5.26,5.77,6.36,5.57,5.15,7.41,4.08,6.20,5.17,7.46​
Xu Zhou​
徐州​
Zhilizhou​
Xuzhou Shi,Feng Xian,Pei Xian,Tongshan Xian,Xiao Xian,Dangshan Xian,Weishan Xian​
7​
373190,473815,395094,1072430,681446,397912,145139​
3539026​
10.54,13.38,11.16,30.30,19.25,11.24,4.10​
Luzhou Fu​
庐州府​
Fu​
Hefei Shi,Lujiang Xian,Wuwei Xian,Chao Xian,Feidong Xian,Liuan Xian,Shucheng Xian,Jinzhai Xian,Huoshan Xian,Feixi Xian,Yingshan Xian​
11​
183570,667543,943465,489836,778726,858948,534487,341430,227327,745327,257227​
6027886​
3.04,11.07,15.65,8.12,12.91,14.24,8.86,5.66,3.77,12.36,4.26​
Anqing Fu​
安庆府​
Fu​
Anqing Shi,Huaining Xian,Hudong Xian,Qianshan Xian,Taihu Xian,Susong Xian,Wangjiang Xian,Yuexi Xian,Tongcheng Xian​
9​
105267,569921,505931,286490,349360,388091,282469,218340,512363​
3218232​
3.27,17.70,15.72,8.90,10.85,12.05,8.77,6.78,15.92​
He Zhou​
和州​
Zhilizhou​
Hanshan Xian,He Xian​
2​
247321,448887​
696208​
35.52,64.47​
Fengyang Fu​
凤阳府​
Fu​
Huainan Shi,Bengbu Shi,Dingyuan Xian,Fengyang Xian,Xuyi Xian,Binghui Xian,Jiashan Xian,Fuyang Xian,Linquan Xian,Taihe Xian,Funan Xian,Yingshang Xian,Bo Xian,Guoyang Xian,Mengcheng Xian,Fengtai Xian,Jieshou Xian,Su Xian,Lingbi Xian,Si Xian,Sihong Xian,Wuhe Xian,Huaiyuan Xian,Suixi Xian,Shou Xian,Huoqiu Xian​
26​
286941,252993,591480,349617,202291,316911,255888,1073634,856430,776848,705719,653644,730713,870186,615306,568558,326089,850103,613575,392543,557433,383778,645830,698029,939507,760436​
15274482​
1.87,1.65,3.87,2.28,1.32,2.07,1.67,7.02,5.60,5.08,4.62,4.27,4.78,5.69,4.02,3.72,2.13,5.56,4.01,2.56,3.64,2.51,4.22,4.56,6.15,4.97​
Chu Zhou​
滁州​
Zhilizhou​
Chu Xian,Laian Xian,Quanjiao Xian​
3​
169114,208657,250131​
627902​
26.93,33.23,39.83​
Shizhou Wei​
施州卫​
Wei​
Wufeng Xian,Enshi Xian,Lichuan Xian,Yuanen Xian,Xianfeng Xian,Laifeng Xian,Hefeng Xian​
7​
100387,384186,370405,172239,179377,143598,106399​
1456591​
6.89,26.37,25.42,11.82,12.31,9.85,7.30​
 
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1734774743593.png

from Guo et al. (1976) Map of Business Centers /Production of Tea, Silk, Ramie, Wools, Crafts / Transportation in Ming China

Tea production in Hanzhong Basin (NE), Wool production along the Sichuan-Amdo borderland, Silk Production in the Jialing River basin (Baoning, Shunqing, Nanchong, Pengzhou, Guangan, Quxian), and Tea production along the Yangtze River in the south.
1734778155061.png

Silk production in Lu'an. Zouping, and Zhangqiu, Dongchang, Tea production in Laiyang, Paper in Ruanzhou/Kaiping
1734778426841.png

Cotton in Yunnan, Tea and Ramie in Guizhou and Yunnan, Silk in Yuanjiang.
1734778586239.png

Ramie production from Guangdong to Jiangxi, along the Gan River valley. Silk production is in Qiyang and Yongzhou in Hunnan Province. Paper in Leiyang and Linchuan.
1734778737691.png

Rich lower Yangtze basin.
Songjiang - Cotton and Wools
Huzhou - Silk, pen, and Printing
Suzhou - silk, tea, and printing
Ningguo - paper, tea, and pen
Hangzhou - silk and tea
Shaoxing - tea and paper
Nankang, Nanchang - Ramie and Tea
Major printing industry in Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Nanjing, and Huizhou
Major paper supply in Luzhou, Ningguo, Chizhou, Yinshan, Huizhou, Chun'an, Yanzhou, Chanshan, Guangxin, Qianshan, Yongkang, Shengxian, and Shaoxing

1734778885170.png
 

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From the same source as above.
1734775485304.png

Coal, Iron, and Chinaware production in Shanxi and Henan provinces. There are still some silver and salt in the border of the map.
1734775763318.png

Salt around the Bohai Sea. Chinaware production in Shouguang and Linqu, Iron in Laiwu. Gold mine in Qixia, Zhaoyuan, Laiyang, and Jiaozhou. Laizhou Gold Mine is still the largest gold mine in China.
1734775918247.png

Salt production in Sichuan Basin. Gold production in Wanxian, Jianshi, Wuling, Taoyuan, Longyuan, Yuanling, Chenxi, Yuanzhou, and Qinyang. There are still more gold reserves to be discovered in the Yuan River basin of Hunan province.
1734776104684.png

Chinaware production in Jingdezhen, Dehua, and Longquan are three major production bases for foreign trade. Chuzhou is a sub-center for Longquan celadon production. Chuzhou is also rich in silver, and Huizhou produces Lacquerware. The region was known for earliest production of Lacquerware in the world history. Dexing's copper mine is Asia's largest open-pit copper mine and second largest in the world.
1734776394310.png
 
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Part 1 of 2 - Topography Review


  • Only 1(!) wetlands location was present. I significantly expanded them along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers
    • As the Yellow river changed course several times throughout the PC timespan, I designated several locations along all historical courses to be wetlands. Some are still wetlands to this day, as for some I selected the 'wettest' of their direct neighborhood. Others with historically frequently flooded regions (e.g. Kaifeng) were specifically selected.
      • EDIT: in a separate thread by @zeruosi, there are some interesting sources for the Yellow river's course evolution and position of floods.
      • You can read the (very concice and clear!) paper here: (Chen et al. 2012)
      • I also added the images in the wetlands section
    • A lot of the floods were directly related to intensivation of agriculture upstream (the loam of the silt plateau is very sensitive to erosion), as the increased sediment load of the river caused clogging downstream. (But was in turn very fertile!)
    • For the Yangtze river nothing changed that much through history, and wetland regions didn't really shift here, so matched the current situation as wetlands.
    • Some coastal wetlands were also added
  • I increased the amount of hillsin the Southern hill region (Hunan-Jiangxi-Fujian-Guangdong)
    • Exact positioning of where the hills should go is VERY arbitrary, due to the irregularity of hill distributions. Almost all locations have lots of small rugged patches, with more fertile flat valleys in between. My version is to be loosely interpreted, although I'm pretty convinced that this density of hill locations is more approriate than the original high amount of flatlands.
    • Also added a few more mountains and small impassables. open for debate though
  • The Northwestern mountains/plateau/hills is a tough one to objectively classify.
    • For instance, the Loam plateau (northern Shaanxi), has an enormous density of smaller hills, due to the intense erosion of the loam plateau. Due to a combination of prominence, density and absolute height, I designated a few as 'mountains', while others were kept 'hillls'.
    • Southern Shiaanxi on the other hand has a few longitudinal valleys and chokepoints, where perhaps plateau/hills could be used to indicate their uniqueness in the region.
  • Taiwan should, as other users already mentioned, see a major expansion of its impassable terrain.
    • In theory there are some crossings through the central range towards Hualien, but in practice this is a very isolated region. Imo, all passsage should go through the southernmost peninsula.
[4000x5000 px images, sorry PDX servers c:]

Current topography by TintoSuggested Topography'Changelog' of suggestions
1_TopoCurrent.png
2_TopoSuggested.png
3_Changelog.png

DEM sources
  • the loess plateau is indicated as 'mountains' based on the ruggedness alone of the loam lansdcape erosion.
Terrain Ruggedness Index (base version)TRI (expanded version with more classes)Elevation model - exaggerated colors
4_DEM-TRI.png
5_DEM-TRI-v2.png
6-DEM_colorful.png

Wetlands:
  • Note the consistency of Yangtze river between the 3 maps ('stable' river)
  • Note the inconsistency of Yellow river between 3 maps ('unstable' river)
    • 100-year flood map probably best indicator for where hisotorical floods occurred; needs validation though
Water depth of 100-year event floodsWetland types (GLWD)Abundance of peat in area%
7_Wetlands-Floods.png
7_Wetlands-GLWD.png
7_Wetlands-PeatML.png

Sites of historical floods in Yellow river plain (Chen et al. 2012)Evolution of the Yellow River through recorded history (Chen et al. 2012)Relative Elevation model (-5 to +5 m)
1735940583743.png
1735941295521.png
1735942059714.png
 
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Part 2 of 2 - Population, development and land usage

  • The Yellow river and Yangtze plains are clearly very fertile, which in addition to its low topography determined where the Chinese peoples could expand their civilization initially.
  • Considering these maps, I'd suggest revamping the development map mode according to these sources.
  • The loess plateau (northern Shaanxi) has been heavily deforested for centuries.
    • The whole loess plateau was probably a lot more forested in this time period ( or at least more gradients with forests/woods), isntead of nearly pure grasslands
    • This paper from 2006 gives a nice overview of the relation between deforestation, of the plateau subsequent erosion, and instability of the Yellow river's course.
  • Food goods distribution is excellent! Almost no goods were placed in 'infertile regions'



HYDE AD1300 - land usage (more saturated = more land use)Soil fertility indexModern population density threshold
(black = 0 pops/km²)
11_HYDE1300.png
12_SoilFertility.png
13_Pop_AllorNothing.png
4_DEM-TRI.png

Deforested loam plateau - read paper hereoverlay of 'goods within infertile zone'
yellow: the few more imprabably food locations
'infertile zone' from map on soil fertility index
1735488207527.png
15_GoodsOverlay.png
15b_SoilOverlay.png
 
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My man @Sulphurologist really doing God's work with these ones.

Have you thought about compiling them all in a separate thread, to make them easier to view all at once?
Thanks for the compliment! I can't believe it's finally done!

You can go my topography post that started it all (click my signature link), there is an index over there :)
 
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Impassable Zones Proposal:

Yellow are existing zones, red are my proposed zones. Black are proposals to delete existing zones. Lakes are marked in blue.

View attachment 1223351

This is based on SulphurAeon's terrain map, and an atlas of China in 1913. Of course, this is a long time after the start date, but at this time, most of China was barely affected by industrialisation, so this map should probably give a good idea of the roadways and routes that existed in Ancient China.

https://collections.lib.uwm.edu/digital/collection/agdm/id/27761/rec/2

In particular, from studying military campaigns in the 17th century, I can relate that the impassable regions depicted on the borders between Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Guangdong reflect the flow of military campaigns in the Ming-Qing wars and the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. The warlord Geng Jingzhong invaded Jiangxi from Fujian in two routes, one in the north into Guangxin, and one in the south into Ganzhou.

It can also be noted that the Manchu invasion of China exclusively used three passes over the Great Wall to enter the Beijing region (as well as retreat from it it after raids south of the wall, which they did multiple times) and did not use any of the others. These were also the main passes used during the Ming dynasty, for example in the Tumu Crisis. These have been left open on the map and the terrain around them blocked off.


The impassable zone on the border between China and Vietnam reflects the 2000 years of recorded history where all recorded Chinese invasions of Vietnam and Vietnamese invasions of China went through one of three places, from Yunnan along the Red River, through Friendship Pass, and along the coast.


So this would help give a very nice historical flavour to wars.

On the other hand, this is a relatively "generous" distribution of impassable regions, so I would certainly welcome feedback if people think there might be too many.

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Have been thinking a bit more about this. Something interesting that can be observed is that, as for Shu roads between Sichuan and Shaanxi, the westernmost ones in the area of Ningqiang county are the ones most used for historical military campaigns. When the Ming dynasty invaded the Xia state that controlled Sichuan, they sent armies to invade it from only two direction, along the Yangtze and through the Guangyuan region, and the Xia army only expected to defend their state from these directions (and were correct, they lost because they committed insufficiently to the Guangyuan direction).

There is something similar between Hunan and Jiangxi, where armies prefer to travel between the two provinces via Pingxiang. Armies could also use other routes, but they generally preferred Pingxiang, and it seems that the Qing army was not able to successfully invade Hunan from Jiangxi during the Three Feudatories Revolt until they captured the Pingxiang area, although they did penetrate into the province through other points. I am not sure but this could imply that it was difficult to supply an army via the other routes.

Another example is the important of the Mei Pass between Guangdong and Jiangxi, which was highly important during, for example, the campaign of Li Chengdong, the Qing general who controlled Guangdong and defected to the Ming dynasty in the late 1640s, who then invaded southern Jiangxi and besieged Ganzhou via Mei Pass. It was also the only route used by armies to reach between Jiangxi and Guangdong during the Three Feudatories Revolt.

Another example of this, which is very famous, is the Tong Pass between Shaanxi and Henan. It's not that armies couldn't use any other route, but the Tong Pass was still important enough to be strategically important.

I think something that is very important to capture is the importance of routes such as these, as well as "passes" which act as strategic chokepoints, even if they are not the only way to get between two places. So I think roads and rivers should have a massive impact on supply limit and army movement.

This map shows the major courier routes during the Ming dynasty, which I think should serve as a good approximation for what the road system in China should look like, although it can be noted that some of the routes leading into Yunnan might be products of the Ming dynasty's colonisation of that region. I am not sure which, if any.

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Here is an update to my map of suggested impassables. New ones are in pink, existing suggestions in red, paradox's existing ones in yellow. I also have been suggesting that impassable regions in southwestern Hubei, southwestern Gansu, and Alasha League be removed, so these are in black.

The pink areas added in the Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou-Hunan border region are meant to reflect the fact that no military campaign in history that I can find, except for the movement of a particular army during the Taiping Rebellion, and some actions in the 20th century, ever passed between Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, and Hubei by moving through this region. If the supply limit/food production in this region is sufficiently low to restrict large armies from moving through it, it could be opened and the impassables there reduced to just the red sections.

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These pink ones are debatable, and might not be necessary:

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