1.
Chronicle "The tale of Igor's campaign" says that Galician ruler Jaroslav Osmomyls during the war with Cumans "reached Ugrian mountains (Carpathians)" and "locked Danubian gates" in 1185.
2.
Kyiv chronicle of Hypatean chronicle complex says that Ivan Rostyslavich in 1158 with help from Cumans "took Danubian cities, seized a lot of goods, two ships and harmed Halychian fishermen".
Because of those and many other sources, Historians debate whether the Halych principality controlled the lands of entire Moldavia or only modern Bukovina
3.
One city on the Danube, Galați before the Golden Horde was referred to as Malyi Halych (Little Halych)
source Arkas, M.
Istorii︠a︡ Ukraïny-Rusi. [History of Ukraine-Ruthenia]. "Obshchestvennaia Polza" 1908.
4.
Acc. to 1334 Franciscans Order's register,
Ruthenian vicariate (vicaria Russiae) included 13 missions in such settlements: Lemburgae (modern Lviv) , de Grodech (Horodok), de Colomia (Kolomyia), de Galciff (Halych), de Nostin (Sniatyn), Cusminen (Valia Kuzmyna), Cereth (Serit), Moldaviae (Baia), Caminix (Piatra Neamț), Scotorix (
Iași), Cotcham (Galați) , Licostoni (Kiliia), Albi castri (Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi).
- Bullarium franciscanum romanorum pontifi cum constitutiones, epistolas, ac diplomata continens tribus ordinibus minorum, clarissarum, et poenitentium a seraphico patriarcha Sancto Francisco / [reverendissimi patris magistri L. C. de Signia]. T. 5. Apendix I. – P. 602, XLI
5.
A lot of cities in this region were listed in the List of Russian Cities, Far and Near(14th century). That means that there were a lot of people who could communicate in a Slavic language. Here is the map showing all the mentions. As you can see Bulgarian cities are included but Wallachians ARE NOT! Which means that it wasn’t based on religion.
The cities are mentioned as Vlach cities, but it was about who controlled them, as a lot of cities like for example Minsk or Toropets, are mentioned as Lithuanian. And some cities are Tverian or Ryazanian. Based on the dates of the foundation and political affiliation of certain cities, B. Leonid Yanin dated the original data of the List of 1375–1381. I want to stress that it
is a political affiliation that cities were Vlach or Lithuanian all those cities were still on the list of Russian cities.
here is the comparison of the categorisation. As you can see Minsk is shown as Lithuanian.
In 14th century Moldavian duchy already controlled the cities of Cernivtsi, Siret, and Hotin and therefore all of them are considered Vlach
Here are two posts explaining that it can not be used to say there were Vlach majority based on the list.
https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/foru...ia-and-balkans-feedback.1717613/post-30072626
https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/foru...ia-and-balkans-feedback.1717613/post-30072737
6.
this Polish source by Jan Dlugosz (1415-1480) claims next on page 1121:
Stephano Moldauiae Voievodae, apud Valachos mortuo, quorum maiores & aboriginarii de Italiae Regno pulsi (genus & natio Volscorum esse suisseque
creduntur). veteribus Dominis & colonis Ruthenis, primum subdole, deinde
abundante in dies multitudine, per violentiam expulsis, illam occuparunt,
in Ruthenorumque ritus & mores, quo facilior proveniret occupatio,
Which can be translated as:
Stephen, Voivode of Moldavia, died among the Vlachs, whose ancestors and natives were driven from the Kingdom of Italy (they are believed to be from Volscii). The old Lords and colonists of Ruthenia, first by cunning, then with an increasing number of people, having driven them out by violence, they took possession of it, the rites and manners of the Ruthenians, in order that the conquest might be more easily effected
7.
In Grigore Ureche's "Letopisețul Țării Moldovei" (1642-1647) edited in 1660-1670 by Moldavian chronicler Simion Dascălul there are mentions about the Slavic population in Moldova, living there, and becoming a part of new Moldavian duchy, while writing about the Moldavian legend of the foundation of Moldavia by Dragoș:
the country was created on the basis of two ethnic groups: Romanians [rumâni] and Ruthenians [ruși] and up to the present day Ruthenians made up half the country's population and the other half consisted of Romanians
In the preface of the Moldavian chronicle it is said that when the hunters [Dragoș, the first Voivode of Moldavia, and his people] killed the auroch, on the way back they saw places that pleased the soul and turned towards the area where the Suceava Fair is now located. Having smelled smoke and being near water in a small forest, they followed this smell and went down to the place where the Ețcanei Monastery is now located. Not far from there they found an apiary with hives and an old beekeeper who was Ruthenian by origin, his name was Ețco [Slavic name Yatsko]. When the hunters asked him who he was and from what country, he answered that he was Ruthenian [rus] from the Polish Country. They also asked him about this area - whose was it and to what ruler did it obey? Ețco said that these places were deserted and had no master - only animals and birds ruled here; "they extend down to the Danube and up to the Dniester, where they border on the Polish Country; these lands provide good food. Having understood his words, the hunters hurried to Maramorăs, from where they led their people to these places and encouraged others to do the same. At first they settled near the mountains and spread down Moldova River. And Ețco the beekeeper, having learned about the settlement of the Maramorăs people, immediately went to the Polish Country and brought a multitude of Ruthenians, and settled them up the Suceava and the Siret to Botoșani. And so the Romanians settled in the lower part, and the Ruthenians the upper part.
Predoslovie a létopisețului moldovenescu ce într-însa spune că este făcută țara den doao limbi, de rumâni și de ruși, de care lucru să cunoaște că și păn' astăzi este țara giumătate de ruși și giumătate de rumâni
Scrie la létopisețul cel moldovenescu, la predoslovie, de zice că deaca au ucis acei vânători acel buor, întorcându-se înapoi, văzând locuri desfătate, au luat pre câmpi într-o parte și au nemerit la locul unde acum târgul Sucévei. Acolo aminosindu-le fum de foc și fiind locul despre apă, cu pădure mănuntă, au pogorât pre mirodeniia fumului la locul unde este acum mănăstirea Ețcanei. Acolea pre acelaș loc au găsit o priseacă cu stupi și un moșneag bătrân, de prisăcăriia stupii, de seminție au fost rus și l-au chiemat Ețco. Pre carele deaca l-au intrebat vânătorii, ce omu-i și den ce țară este, el au spus că este rus den Țara Leșască. Așijderea și pentru loc l-au intrebat, ce loc este acesta și de ce stăpân ascultă ? Ețco au zis: este un loc pustiiu și fără stăpân, de-l domnescu fierile și pasările și să tinde locul în gios, păn' în Dunăre, iar în sus păn' în Nistru, de să hotăraște cu Țara Leșască, și este loc foarte bun de hrană. Înțelegând vânătorii acest cuvânt, au sârguit la Maramorăș, de ș-au tras oamenii săi într-această parte și pre alții au îndemnat, de au descălecat întăi supt munte și s-au lățit pre Moldova în gios. Iar Iațco prisecariul, deaca au înțeles de descălecarea maramorășénilor, îndată s-au dus și el în Țara Leșască, de au dus ruși mulți și i-au descălecat pre apa Sucévei în sus și pre Sirétiu despre Botoșiani. Și așa de sârgu s-au lățit rumănii în gios și rușii în sus.
It claims that HALF of the population was Ruthenian. But I believe it's in a sense of a sizable minority on par with them:
8.
On the period of the Moldavian foundation,
this Polish source by Jan Dlugosz (1415-1480) claims next on page 1121:
Stephano Moldauiae Voievodae, apud Valachos mortuo, quorum maiores & aboriginarii de Italiae Regno pulsi (genus & natio Volscorum esse suisseque
creduntur). veteribus Dominis & colonis Ruthenis, primum subdole, deinde
abundante in dies multitudine, per violentiam expulsis, illam occuparunt,
in Ruthenorumque ritus & mores, quo facilior proveniret occupatio,
Which can be translated as:
Stephen, Voivode of Moldavia, died among the Vlachs, whose ancestors and natives were driven from the Kingdom of Italy (they are believed to be from Volscii). The old Lords and colonists of Ruthenia, first by cunning, then with an increasing number of people, having driven them out by violence, they took possession of it, the rites and manners of the Ruthenians, in order that the conquest might be more easily affected
This suggests that Moldavia was natively populated by Slavs who were driven out during the foundation of Moldavia. The founding of Moldavia (Romanian: Descălecatul Moldovei) began with the arrival of a Vlach (Romanian) voivode, Dragoș, soon followed by his people from Maramureș, then a voivodeship, to the region of the Moldova River.
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