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Tinto Maps #23 - 18th of October 2024 - China

Hello, and welcome to another week of Tinto’s fun Maps. This week it will be a huge one, as we will take a look at the entirety of China. It is a really big area, but it didn’t make sense to split it into multiple parts to present it separately, so we are showing it all at once. So, without further ado, let’s get started.

Countries
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Obviously the territory is dominated by Yuán, with Dali as its vassal. They appear big, strong, and scary, but they will have their own fair share of problems for sure. I will not go into detail into the countries that can be seen further south, as we will talk about Southeast Asia in a future Tinto Maps.

Societies of Pops
SoP.png

Quite a variety of peoples in Southwest China, as you will see later in the culture maps.

Dynasties
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Here we finally have managed to catch the full name of the Borjigin dynasty in all its glory.

Locations
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Before you ask, there are around 1800 locations in China proper, not counting impassables and barring possible counting errors.

Provinces
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Areas
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Terrain
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You will notice here that there are few locations assigned as "farmlands", that's because when we did this part of the map there was yet not a clear criteria on how we would be defining the farmlands and their placement here hasn't been reviewed yet.

Development
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As mentioned before, the harsh changes of development at the end of China proper is probably too strong right now and it’s something that will have to be reviewed, especially at the Liáodōng area.

Natural Harbors
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Cultures
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There is a lot of cultural variation in China, not only among the sinitic peoples (which have been divided according to their linguistical and dialectal differences) but also having many other types of non-sinitic peoples. The resulting pie chart for the cultures of the country is a wonder to see indeed. And even if Yuán itself is Mongolian, there are actually very few Mongolian people in the country, as only the ruling class would belong to it. That is one other source of further trouble for Yuán.

Religions
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Considering religion, there is also a lot of variation in the South West, and one thing you will notice is the clear lack of “Animism”. We have finally eliminated Animism as a religion from the game and have divided it into many multiple ones. Besides this, and some Muslim presence in some areas, there are other small pockets of religions that do not get to appear in the map, like Manichaeism, Nestorianism, Judaism and Zoroastrianism. And the elephant in the room is the Mahayana, that we have already mentioned that we have plans on dividing it, but more on it at the end.

Raw Materials
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A very resource rich region, which makes it understandable that China was able to basically be self-sufficient in terms of resources for long periods in history, and with many sources of highly appreciated resources like silk, tea, and even soybeans. Another interesting thing is the division on the preference of grain cultivation, with rice being more prominent in the south while the north tends to favor wheat and sturdy grains (millet, basically).

Markets
Markets.png


Population
Population.png

Population zoom 1.png
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Yes, there’s a lot of population in China, and with that many people and that many resources it obviously has a lot of potential. We have been following population census of 1351 and 1393, which allows us to have the most accurate values we can have.

Now, before closing off, let me turn back once again to the subject of religion, as it has already been pointed out that having a single Mahayana religion covering both China and Tibet (and parts of India) may not be the best both for accuracy and gameplay reasons, and we basically agree with it so we are planning on reworking a bit but it hasn’t been done in time for this Tinto Maps. However, as we are aware that you are not able to provide proper feedback unless we present you something, let me now share with you what are our plans with it. Please keep in mind that I will NOT go into details about their mechanics, and only talk about their distribution.

First of all, Tibetan Buddhism will be split and turned into its own religion. Although it “technically” is part of the Mahayana branch, it is true that its practices have distinguished it from Chinese Buddhism enough to represent it as its own religion, starting from the fact that they do not follow the same canon. The Mahayana that was present in India was already an outlier from start, so it will be made into its own religion.

That leaves out that the current “Mahayana” remaining in game will be Chinese Buddhism, that is, those following the Chinese Buddhist canon, and it will be present in China, Korea, and Vietnam. The question remains on what to call the religion, and several things have to be considered for that:

  1. The religion will already include blended into it Confucianism and Daoism besides Buddhism, so all three religions are included. That means it can’t be named either Confucianism or Daoism, as they have been bundled in. Buddhism was taken as the base name because, from the three, it was considered as the one mostly oriented towards the “religious” (Confucianism being more focused on administration and Daoism on rituals), and the most similar to what an organized religion would be outside of China.
    1. As a subpoint on that, and I can’t go into details for it yet, but there will also be options inside it to favor Buddhism over Confucianism or the opposite, so that is already covered too.
  2. As mentioned, it will be present not only in China but also in Korea and Vietnam (and any other country that may convert too, like for example Japan), so naming it something that’s too intrinsic to Chinese identity would not be ideal. That would mean that a term like Sānjiào, although good, would feel a bit out of place when playing for example as Korea (we know that the concept spread there too, but it was more prominent inside China and regardless having the name be directly in Chinese would be the main issue when playing outside China)

So, for now, the current name we are considering for the religion is directly “Chinese Buddhism”, or even leaving it as “Mahayana”, understanding that the main current of Mahayana is the version following the Chinese canon anyway. But feel free to suggest any alternative naming if you feel that there may be a better option we haven’t thought of, as long as it takes into consideration the previous points. And of course, let us know your feedback on the proposed representation and distribution too.

And that’s it for today, after a bit longer closing than usual. Next week we’ll be back a bit further east, taking a look at Korea and Japan. Hope to see you there!
 
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I can't lie Yuan's borders look kinda droopy without the western part of china.
Like this isn't a serious comment It's just what I thought when I first saw it lol
 
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无标题.png

This is my mod in development. There are some inaccuracies in the distribution of some provinces. However, according to the standard of Tibet, southwest China must also separate these local autonomy tags, otherwise it would be too strange
 
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Guys, what about the Thai? If I remember my EU4 prep correctly, there was a migration from China region to the south before EU4 timeframe - and the "before EU4 timeframe" fits into Project Caesar timeframe.
That migration was pretty much finished by the time of PC's start date to my knowledge
 
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Muslims in Ningxia are not completely dominant, but a minority. After the Muslim rebellion in the northwest, it still does not exceed 20%. The spread of Buddhism in Han Dynasty is more reasonable. In Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, Muslims were extensively purged, especially in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. Because it doesn't conform to China's traditional monarchical power is higher than theocracy, and Muslims are keen to teach and have no country, it should be made into a landless society. Moreover, there were many Muslim vendors in Quanzhou at that time who squeezed the locals, which led to Zhu Yuanzhang's purge of Muslims. At present, the map shows that the distribution of Muslims is too concentrated, at least it should be made into sporadic distribution. There are no Muslims in Quanzhou, which is not in line with 1333, and the culture in Liaodong is not in line with reality. According to the information I have found, before at least the Qing Dynasty, Liaodong was dominated by
 
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Nice work. It's pretty good to find my hometown in the map with more than 1800 provinces.
(But is Liaodong really a better choice for trade than Quanzhou in 1337? I love my hometown but it seems a little odd that Liaodong is more brighter than Quanzhou in the trade map. ibn Baṭūṭah and Marco Polo all praised the prosperity of Quanzhou in their travelogues.)
 
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The culture groups have a few faults. Modern linguistic borders should not be superimposed over cultural borders in the region in the 1300's. In particular, the Xuanzhou area should definitely be of Wu majority.

View attachment 1203675
(translation will be provided later. Bao (1984), 浙江西北部的吳語邊界)

Territories up to the Yangtse River should be of Wu majority at this time. The migration of Huai Chinese-speaking peoples only happened during the Taiping Rebellion of the Late Qing Dynasty.


Perhaps also splitting Shaanxi out from Zhongyuan and merging it with Lanyin (highly anachronistic, as was pointed out in the previous dev diaries) to a Qinlong culture, and separating XInan into Sichuanese and Hubei
We may do some review on the culture borders, I agree that some of them may not be accurate enough for the period.
 
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My 1st option for the the Chinese religion name came from the Tan Chee-Beng proposal: Shenxianism.

Shenxianism comes from 神仙教 (shénxiān jiào), translated as 'religion of deities and immortals.'

My 2nd option is mínjiān zōngjiào (民間宗教), or 'folk religion.' as it is what Chinese academics use to refer the Chinese folk religion.
 
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I saw that meritocracy was still bring researched as an institution in Beijing in a tinto talks, that would be unhistorical as the mongols got rid of the confucian exam system, and it would have to wait until the ming reestablished it. So will meritocracy still be researched under the yuan?, or can it pause until the ming. And also, by the time of the ming the idea of aristocracy was dead in China except in the imperial family, as the power was held by the confucian bureacrucy and eunuchs, so how will the noble pops under the ming be?
 
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If I remeber correctly Johan or Pavia did say that atm Shinto doesn't represent the religion itself but the "branch" of Japanese Buddhism mixed with Shinto beliefs
Yeah I saw that. I'm not sure I agree that Shinto is more of a religion than Daoism but Daoism not being much of a religion was the reasoning in this thread for calling Chinese religion Mahayana.
 
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We didn't get to see if there are societies of pops on Formosa. Here is a map from the Wiki that gives some sense of their tribes and their locations:


800px-Formosan_Distribution_01.png



 
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Now, before closing off, let me turn back once again to the subject of religion, as it has already been pointed out that having a single Mahayana religion covering both China and Tibet (and parts of India) may not be the best both for accuracy and gameplay reasons, and we basically agree with it so we are planning on reworking a bit but it hasn’t been done in time for this Tinto Maps. However, as we are aware that you are not able to provide proper feedback unless we present you something, let me now share with you what are our plans with it. Please keep in mind that I will NOT go into details about their mechanics, and only talk about their distribution.

First of all, Tibetan Buddhism will be split and turned into its own religion. Although it “technically” is part of the Mahayana branch, it is true that its practices have distinguished it from Chinese Buddhism enough to represent it as its own religion, starting from the fact that they do not follow the same canon. The Mahayana that was present in India was already an outlier from start, so it will be made into its own religion.

That leaves out that the current “Mahayana” remaining in game will be Chinese Buddhism, that is, those following the Chinese Buddhist canon, and it will be present in China, Korea, and Vietnam. The question remains on what to call the religion, and several things have to be considered for that:

  1. The religion will already include blended into it Confucianism and Daoism besides Buddhism, so all three religions are included. That means it can’t be named either Confucianism or Daoism, as they have been bundled in. Buddhism was taken as the base name because, from the three, it was considered as the one mostly oriented towards the “religious” (Confucianism being more focused on administration and Daoism on rituals), and the most similar to what an organized religion would be outside of China.
    1. As a subpoint on that, and I can’t go into details for it yet, but there will also be options inside it to favor Buddhism over Confucianism or the opposite, so that is already covered too.
  2. As mentioned, it will be present not only in China but also in Korea and Vietnam (and any other country that may convert too, like for example Japan), so naming it something that’s too intrinsic to Chinese identity would not be ideal. That would mean that a term like Sānjiào, although good, would feel a bit out of place when playing for example as Korea (we know that the concept spread there too, but it was more prominent inside China and regardless having the name be directly in Chinese would be the main issue when playing outside China)

So, for now, the current name we are considering for the religion is directly “Chinese Buddhism”, or even leaving it as “Mahayana”, understanding that the main current of Mahayana is the version following the Chinese canon anyway. But feel free to suggest any alternative naming if you feel that there may be a better option we haven’t thought of, as long as it takes into consideration the previous points. And of course, let us know your feedback on the proposed representation and distribution too.

As I mentioned, Confucianism and Daoism are blended inside the religion. About the how though, you will unfortunately have to wait for a specific Tinto Talks about that.
To add as a suggestion for religions


Two great treads where people discussed the systems.
 
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When the Portuguese and later Dutch first visited Formosa/Taiwan they encountered organized resistance, including the Kingdom of Middag. It is (as far as I know) not known when the kingdom formed but I feel like it would be worthwhile to have at the very least some SOP on the island. They were even organized enough to give Kongming's army a lot of trouble.

If this is possible to represent, I do not know, but the waters between Taiwan and the mainland were also stormy enough only European ships and a select few Chinese who knew the waters were capable of sailing between the two.
 
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How about simply naming it "Three teachings" in english? That way it should be fine for Korea and Vietnam as well

Alternatively "East asian syncrethism" sounds more apropriate than "Chinese buddism" if a bit orthopedic
 
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