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Tinto Maps #23 - 18th of October 2024 - China

Hello, and welcome to another week of Tinto’s fun Maps. This week it will be a huge one, as we will take a look at the entirety of China. It is a really big area, but it didn’t make sense to split it into multiple parts to present it separately, so we are showing it all at once. So, without further ado, let’s get started.

Countries
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Obviously the territory is dominated by Yuán, with Dali as its vassal. They appear big, strong, and scary, but they will have their own fair share of problems for sure. I will not go into detail into the countries that can be seen further south, as we will talk about Southeast Asia in a future Tinto Maps.

Societies of Pops
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Quite a variety of peoples in Southwest China, as you will see later in the culture maps.

Dynasties
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Here we finally have managed to catch the full name of the Borjigin dynasty in all its glory.

Locations
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Before you ask, there are around 1800 locations in China proper, not counting impassables and barring possible counting errors.

Provinces
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Areas
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Terrain
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You will notice here that there are few locations assigned as "farmlands", that's because when we did this part of the map there was yet not a clear criteria on how we would be defining the farmlands and their placement here hasn't been reviewed yet.

Development
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As mentioned before, the harsh changes of development at the end of China proper is probably too strong right now and it’s something that will have to be reviewed, especially at the Liáodōng area.

Natural Harbors
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Cultures
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There is a lot of cultural variation in China, not only among the sinitic peoples (which have been divided according to their linguistical and dialectal differences) but also having many other types of non-sinitic peoples. The resulting pie chart for the cultures of the country is a wonder to see indeed. And even if Yuán itself is Mongolian, there are actually very few Mongolian people in the country, as only the ruling class would belong to it. That is one other source of further trouble for Yuán.

Religions
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Considering religion, there is also a lot of variation in the South West, and one thing you will notice is the clear lack of “Animism”. We have finally eliminated Animism as a religion from the game and have divided it into many multiple ones. Besides this, and some Muslim presence in some areas, there are other small pockets of religions that do not get to appear in the map, like Manichaeism, Nestorianism, Judaism and Zoroastrianism. And the elephant in the room is the Mahayana, that we have already mentioned that we have plans on dividing it, but more on it at the end.

Raw Materials
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A very resource rich region, which makes it understandable that China was able to basically be self-sufficient in terms of resources for long periods in history, and with many sources of highly appreciated resources like silk, tea, and even soybeans. Another interesting thing is the division on the preference of grain cultivation, with rice being more prominent in the south while the north tends to favor wheat and sturdy grains (millet, basically).

Markets
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Population
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Yes, there’s a lot of population in China, and with that many people and that many resources it obviously has a lot of potential. We have been following population census of 1351 and 1393, which allows us to have the most accurate values we can have.

Now, before closing off, let me turn back once again to the subject of religion, as it has already been pointed out that having a single Mahayana religion covering both China and Tibet (and parts of India) may not be the best both for accuracy and gameplay reasons, and we basically agree with it so we are planning on reworking a bit but it hasn’t been done in time for this Tinto Maps. However, as we are aware that you are not able to provide proper feedback unless we present you something, let me now share with you what are our plans with it. Please keep in mind that I will NOT go into details about their mechanics, and only talk about their distribution.

First of all, Tibetan Buddhism will be split and turned into its own religion. Although it “technically” is part of the Mahayana branch, it is true that its practices have distinguished it from Chinese Buddhism enough to represent it as its own religion, starting from the fact that they do not follow the same canon. The Mahayana that was present in India was already an outlier from start, so it will be made into its own religion.

That leaves out that the current “Mahayana” remaining in game will be Chinese Buddhism, that is, those following the Chinese Buddhist canon, and it will be present in China, Korea, and Vietnam. The question remains on what to call the religion, and several things have to be considered for that:

  1. The religion will already include blended into it Confucianism and Daoism besides Buddhism, so all three religions are included. That means it can’t be named either Confucianism or Daoism, as they have been bundled in. Buddhism was taken as the base name because, from the three, it was considered as the one mostly oriented towards the “religious” (Confucianism being more focused on administration and Daoism on rituals), and the most similar to what an organized religion would be outside of China.
    1. As a subpoint on that, and I can’t go into details for it yet, but there will also be options inside it to favor Buddhism over Confucianism or the opposite, so that is already covered too.
  2. As mentioned, it will be present not only in China but also in Korea and Vietnam (and any other country that may convert too, like for example Japan), so naming it something that’s too intrinsic to Chinese identity would not be ideal. That would mean that a term like Sānjiào, although good, would feel a bit out of place when playing for example as Korea (we know that the concept spread there too, but it was more prominent inside China and regardless having the name be directly in Chinese would be the main issue when playing outside China)

So, for now, the current name we are considering for the religion is directly “Chinese Buddhism”, or even leaving it as “Mahayana”, understanding that the main current of Mahayana is the version following the Chinese canon anyway. But feel free to suggest any alternative naming if you feel that there may be a better option we haven’t thought of, as long as it takes into consideration the previous points. And of course, let us know your feedback on the proposed representation and distribution too.

And that’s it for today, after a bit longer closing than usual. Next week we’ll be back a bit further east, taking a look at Korea and Japan. Hope to see you there!
 
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I clearly mentioned we are thinking of changing it and are asking suggestions of proper and fitting names, so feel free to suggest some if you can think of any.
Sanjiao or Shendaoshejiao, any one of them is better than Mahayana Buddhism. At least Confucianism can emerge as a separate alternative to the government's state religion.
 
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My suggestion is "Sānjiào" or "Confucianism-Buddhism-Taoism". Use a balance of power to make China lean towards Taoism, Korea lean towards Confucianism, and Vietnam lean towards Buddhism.:)Don't ever use Chinese religion or Asian religion or anything like that, they sound stupid
 
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Could you share a map of the fully splintered Yuan (Red Turban Rebellion), so we could see and make suggestions for any additional tags?

Also, will the Yangtze River & Lake Poyang be navigable? During the Red Turban Rebellion, the Han, Ming and Wu fought fiercely over control of the river and its tributaries, shipping hundreds of thousands of troops, and multiple naval battles taking place on the river. The Han employed enormous tower-ships that could embark 2,000-3,000 men each. Lake Poyang itself experienced the largest naval battle in the 14th-century between Han and Ming in 1363, with both sides employing hundreds of ships. The battle was decisive in the Ming’s rise to power among the other warring states.

https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2010/june/river-pirate-ming-emperor#footnotes

On that note, how would playing as the red turbans work? Would you have to select Yuan or are they a tag from start (perhaps your could select the White Lotus society which could be a buildings based country and then tag switch)
 
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What exactly is the reason why you guys are folding native faiths into other faiths with mechanics (Shinto/Buddhism, Korean Shamanism/Buddhism) rather than making them distinct faiths and dividing the pops accordingly? I'm sure you have one, just asking!
the issue here and the crux of the matter is that here the religions intermingled and where one ended and the other began is hard if not impossible to fully explain for people. As the religions here are non-exclusive meaning there was no hard "to be a taoist, you must forsake all other traditions and follow the tao." the religions while they might compete with each other also blended together and supported each other. with people practicing stuff from buddhism, taoism, confucianism, and their local deities all without really seeing it as an issue.
 
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View attachment 1201462
There is a lot of cultural variation in China, not only among the sinitic peoples (which have been divided according to their linguistical and dialectal differences) but also having many other types of non-sinitic peoples. The resulting pie chart for the cultures of the country is a wonder to see indeed. And even if Yuán itself is Mongolian, there are actually very few Mongolian people in the country, as only the ruling class would belong to it. That is one other source of further trouble for Yuán.
Could we get an explanation of what each colour here means? Don't just tease us like that :p
 
Great job @Roger Corominas ! As usuaI have a few questions:
-Why is there no Formosan Sop? From my understanding the people at the time already had knowledge of iron metalworking and will even form a kingom in a few centuries(kingdom of Middang)
-If the Ming manage to conquer China and take the mandate will they have their in game capital in Nanjing rather than Beijing like in Eu4, historically they were both their capitals yes but they preferred Nanjing unlike Yuan and Qing
-Just for curiosity how many levies can Yuan raise at the moment?
1. They were not considered suitable enough for that, but we may take another look at it.
2. Afaik, there's nothing forcing them to have the capital anywhere
3. Let us say... a lot (for now)
 
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Now, before closing off, let me turn back once again to the subject of religion, as it has already been pointed out that having a single Mahayana religion covering both China and Tibet (and parts of India) may not be the best both for accuracy and gameplay reasons, and we basically agree with it so we are planning on reworking a bit but it hasn’t been done in time for this Tinto Maps. However, as we are aware that you are not able to provide proper feedback unless we present you something, let me now share with you what are our plans with it. Please keep in mind that I will NOT go into details about their mechanics, and only talk about their distribution.

First of all, Tibetan Buddhism will be split and turned into its own religion. Although it “technically” is part of the Mahayana branch, it is true that its practices have distinguished it from Chinese Buddhism enough to represent it as its own religion, starting from the fact that they do not follow the same canon. The Mahayana that was present in India was already an outlier from start, so it will be made into its own religion.

That leaves out that the current “Mahayana” remaining in game will be Chinese Buddhism, that is, those following the Chinese Buddhist canon, and it will be present in China, Korea, and Vietnam. The question remains on what to call the religion, and several things have to be considered for that:

  1. The religion will already include blended into it Confucianism and Daoism besides Buddhism, so all three religions are included. That means it can’t be named either Confucianism or Daoism, as they have been bundled in. Buddhism was taken as the base name because, from the three, it was considered as the one mostly oriented towards the “religious” (Confucianism being more focused on administration and Daoism on rituals), and the most similar to what an organized religion would be outside of China.
    1. As a subpoint on that, and I can’t go into details for it yet, but there will also be options inside it to favor Buddhism over Confucianism or the opposite, so that is already covered too.
  2. As mentioned, it will be present not only in China but also in Korea and Vietnam (and any other country that may convert too, like for example Japan), so naming it something that’s too intrinsic to Chinese identity would not be ideal. That would mean that a term like Sānjiào, although good, would feel a bit out of place when playing for example as Korea (we know that the concept spread there too, but it was more prominent inside China and regardless having the name be directly in Chinese would be the main issue when playing outside China)

So, for now, the current name we are considering for the religion is directly “Chinese Buddhism”, or even leaving it as “Mahayana”, understanding that the main current of Mahayana is the version following the Chinese canon anyway. But feel free to suggest any alternative naming if you feel that there may be a better option we haven’t thought of, as long as it takes into consideration the previous points. And of course, let us know your feedback on the proposed representation and distribution too.

And that’s it for today, after a bit longer closing than usual. Next week we’ll be back a bit further east, taking a look at Korea and Japan. Hope to see you there!

"Three Teachings" was the best suggestion I saw on the forum
 
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Not the best comparison. China has lots of less populated locations in its western regions, places like Gansu or the SW hinterlands shouldn't be as dense as fertile France.

China's "core" region looks to have about 1400 locations.
You used a wrong example. In fact, at least Sichuan has an area similar to France, with the Paris Basin covering 140000 square kilometers and the Sichuan Basin covering 170000 square kilometers, all of which are well-developed farmland
 
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I really think you should add at least some sort of mechanic that lets you change the 'percentage' of the religions that you mentioned.

In Korea, for example, Daoism had very little influence compared to Confucianism and Buddhism, with Korean traditional religions filling its place. And as I discussed in a separate thread, it would make absolutely no sense for you to describe the Joseon Dynasty(or its ruling class at least) as 'Buddhist', as they were very openly and harshly against Buddhism.

If you have to keep the entire 'religion' practiced in East Asia as one single religion(which, I'm not sure makes much sense- Japanese Shinto had quite a bit of Buddhism mixed into it, but is regarded as a separate religion), then I wish it could be named something that doesn't immediately remind people of Buddhism. Even 'East Asian religion' would be better than that.
That is precisely why we are struggling to find a suitable name. And no, Korea will not have any Daoism at start.
 
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We'll take a look at that. Most of the Dai are indeed following Satsana Phi, maybe some were already "converted" by mistake.
I was more referring to the "Dai" in the west, in and around the Dali kingdom. The "Dai" here are labelled as Theravada on the map, while the "Dai" in Vietnam are already labelled as Satsana Phi. It's a bit confusing lol because "Dai" isn't really a specific ethnic group, it's just the modern Chinese designation for several different Tai ethnic groups living in China.

Again, it's something I'll have to explain more in the SE Asia thread, but "Dai" shouldn't really exist as a separate culture
 
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Unironically just call it "Eastern Religion". Either that or reeducate yourselves so you realize how silly ascribing all religion among the Chinese to buddhism is(the idea that confucianism is mostly administrative, or that there is not in fact a base of chinese religion and belief upon which both confucianism and in fact Daoism sit. Just as a reminder, stuff like Immortals, the Queen Mother of the West, etc. are NOT explicitly Daoist or Buddhist! They do not originate with these religions, they merely coopt them from a preexisting base!), but I digress. Sorry if that sounds harsh but I can't help but feel this is stubborness.

Anyway, Zhongyuan culture needs to be split, AFAIK. Now, I admit that I am not an expert on this period of chinese history, I'm more familiar with earlier dynasties. But at least in the early dynsaties the split between the Central Plains(well, Guandong in general, of which the Zhongyuan were part of) and that of the capital region around Chang'an(Guanzhong) were extremely important. So seeing them all as one culture now seems very odd. Of course, I know that the sort of cultural center of china by this point has shifted firmly away to the east and south, but still I feel that surely there'd be differences between the Zhongyuan and Guanzhong/Shaanxi/Wei River Basin whatever you wish to call it would still be big enough to warrant a different culture. Plus it's just weird having the culture whose name means "Central Plains" extend into areas that very much are not central, nor plains.
I think Qinlong (秦陇) or Guanzhong (关中) would be a good decision for Shaanxi
 
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You used a wrong example. In fact, at least Sichuan has an area similar to France, with the Paris Basin covering 140000 square kilometers and the Sichuan Basin covering 170000 square kilometers, all of which are well-developed farmland

I would include the Sichuan Basin as "core" China, given Chengdu and Chongqing were large cities over 1,000 years ago. It has perhaps 150 to 200 locations.
 
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Eastern Syncretism or Eastern Syncretic Religion might be too clinical, but it seems like the best solution to represent Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese religious beliefs in one name.

Presumably there will be divisions within the religion to represent how different regions had different folk beliefs/unique aspects (Daoism (which also had some impact on Vietnam)/Shinto/Korean shamanism/Vietnamese folk religion). In that case, maybe having a way for those internal divisions to show on the map would be possible?

One other quick note, I really think it should be Great Yuan, Great Ming, Great Qing, etc instead of using Dynasty.
 
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The issue with the label "Mahayana" is that it implies and gives the impression that Chinese religion is derived, subordinate or constructed from Buddhism, which was not the case. In that case, calling it Daoism (which I don't necessarily think is the best option) would arguably be better because Daoism not only informed the metaphysics of neo-Confucianism but was the base upon which Buddhism was established in China, in terms initially of vocabulary but also direct influences in the later Chinese schools of Buddhism.

I understand that it encompasses Vietnam and Korea but I don't think that means that having a Chinese term for religion is a bad idea or alternative. In the case of Sanjiao, Vietnam literally has a term for the same idea of the 'three teachings', which is tam giáo (written in the Sino-Vietnamese script as 三教, the same as Chinese 三教). Korea also referred to the idea of 'three teachings', though I am unsure what terminology they used here.

Personally, I think labelling it Mahayana is not a good choice even considering the arguments you raised but will leave that up to your discretion. I think Sanjiao, or some of the other suggested names like Shendao, etc etc. for a proper Chinese religion are better options.
 
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